Senate Bill NO. 3 "An Act providing for funding for school lunch and breakfast." 9:00:39 AM CHRISTY HARVEY, STAFF, SENATOR WIELECHOWSKI, introduced the PowerPoint presentation "Funding for Alaska's School Meals,"(copy on file). Ms. Harvey detailed Slide 2: "Three Goals for the School Meals Bill," · More schools serving meals · More kids in each school fed · More nutritious meals served Ms. Harvey quoted the statistic, "one out of every eight Alaska families struggles to put enough food on the table each year." Ms. Harvey addressed Slide 5: "Hunger in Alaska 2010," · 74,000 Alaskans seek food assistance each year. · 43 percent of households visiting food pantries in Alaska have a child under the age of 18. Ms. Harvey discussed Slide 6: "Students In Need Not Being Reached," 51,000 Alaskan Children are eligible for reduced or free lunch. However: · Six school districts do not offer breakfast or lunch. · 15 percent of schools that do participate in the school lunch program do not offer breakfast. · Overall, 60 percent of lower-income kids are not being reached by the school meals program. 9:03:56 AM Ms. Harvey discussed the data on Slide 7: "Alaska in Bottom 10 for Participation." She pointed out that Alaska ranks ninth from the bottom of all 50 states in the participation of low-income children in the school meal programs. She added that many children have access to real food only through the school meal program. Ms. Harvey continued with Slide 10: "Alaskan School Breakfasts Served FY 09-10." She explained that Alaskan schools served approximately 3.6 million breakfasts last fiscal year. The federal reimbursement has not kept up with the needs of the schools since the inception of the program. Many schools are therefore dipping into their operating budgets. The average cost to prepare a breakfast or lunch does not match the federal reimbursement rates as exhibited on Slide 11: "Current Breakfast Reimbursement Rates" and Slide 13: "Current Lunch Reimbursement Rates." Ms. Harvey explained Slide 14: "The Need." She explained that despite federal subsidies, Alaska schools fall $9 million short. She hoped that the proposed program would prevent the schools from dipping into their operating budgets. She understood that the legislature is tasked with stewarding Alaska's money. She wished to ensure that the investment was a wise one for the state. 9:06:05 AM Ms. Harvey discussed Slide 16: "Investing in School Meals Provides a "Two-Fer" in returns." She explained that short- term returns on the investment include better academic performance, better behavior, better attendance, and better health. The long-term returns include better attendance, which equal lower dropout rates. Lower dropout rates equal lower prison populations, higher graduation rates equal higher incomes, and lower obesity rates equal lower health care costs. 9:07:17 AM Ms. Harvey mentioned that she had a bibliography of the studies quoted in her presentation, for those interested. She mentioned that various studies have shown that when kids are fed they perform better on comprehensive testing with better attention, memory and verbal fluency. Ms. Harvey discussed Slides 22 and 23: "Better Behavior in School." · Researcher noted a significant decrease in behavioral "oppositional scores" for students eating school breakfast. "Oppositional scores" measure whether or not students are likely to break the rules, have problems with authority or are quick to anger than most individuals in their age groups. · Researchers found low-income students who ate meals at school were less likely to be hyperactive and had fewer behavioral or attention problems than their hungry peers. · Researchers conclude that classroom breakfast works and that a pilot program in New York resulted in decreased hunger and improvements in factors critical to student learning such as tardiness and disciplinary referral rates. · Increased school breakfast participation is associated with fewer emotional or behavioral problems. Teacher at school that increased participation in their school breakfast programs reported a positive change in student behavior (60%) and improved in student attentiveness (63%). 9:09:24 AM Ms. Harvey discussed Slide 25: "Better Attendance." · Higher Rates Of Attendance o Studies show that universal school breakfast program participation is associated with higher rates of attendance and declines in tardiness. · Lower Rates Of Tardiness o Schools with increased participation in school breakfast programs had their proportion of children chronically tardy decreased by 67 percent. Ms. Harvey addressed Slides 27 and 28: "Better Health." · Lower Obesity Rates o Girls from "food insecure" households are significantly less likely to become overweight (68 percent) if they participate in school lunch and breakfast programs. · More Physically Active o Students who ate breakfast daily were more likely to participate in physical activity three or more times a week than breakfast skippers. · Alaskan Obesity o 25.4 percent of Alaskans are currently considered "obese." · The High Cost of Obesity o Recent studies project that, if our national weight problem continues as it has been, obesity will cost the USA about $344 billion in medical-related expenses by 2018, eating up about 21 percent of health-care spending. 9:11:00 AM Ms. Harvey discussed the proposal of an increase of $.35 for breakfast and $.15 for lunch. She provided Slide 31: "Examples of Support," exhibiting all of the many supporters of the proposal. 9:11:48 AM Ms. Harvey discussed Slide 33: "The Bottom Line," Senate Bill 3 is a solid investment in Alaska's future, providing both short-term and long-term payoffs for Alaska's students. We spend a great deal of money on education in Alaska. This comparatively small investment will help our students reap the maximum benefits from our schools. By setting our kids up for success now, we may be able to avoid costly problems in the future. 9:12:15 AM Senator Thomas asked to know the threshold for both the reduced and supplemented rates. Ms. Harvey responded that the rate for a household size of 2 is $33 thousand per year for reduced lunch and $23 thousand per year for free lunch. She quoted $51 thousand for the reduced price for a family of 4 and $35 thousand for free meals. She explained that the figures exhibit the federal poverty level adjusted for Alaska. Senator Olson expressed dismay at the figures presented which display children's lack of access to food. He asked about the distribution of these children throughout the state. Ms. Harvey responded that rural areas suffer greatly as the shipping is quite pricey. She pointed out one component of the bill which adjusts the numbers through the district cost factors to address the needs of rural schools. Senator Olson commented on the sponsor statement and the proposed increases. He opined that an increase of 15 cents in rural areas was insignificant when compared to the high cost of transportation. Ms. Harvey agreed and responded that she wanted to add the necessary funds for the rural areas. 9:16:11 AM Senator Thomas wondered if the federal maximum reimbursement was in literal form. Ms. Harvey explained that the quoted figure is the maximum amount based on need and reimbursed by the federal government. She added that a $9 million gap exists between what is required and what is provided by the federal government. 9:17:24 AM ELIZABETH NUDELMAN, DIRECTOR, SCHOOL FINANCE, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND EARLY DEVELOPMENT, explained the different components of the fiscal plan regarding the school lunch and breakfast program. She noted that the bill creates a new state program to provide supplemental state funding for the existing breakfast and lunch programs. Currently, districts receive approximately $32 to $36 million in federal funding for the school lunch program. The total expenditures are approximately $58 million. The required federal match for the program is $492 thousand, which is met from the $9 million transferred from school operating funds. The bill would not increase the number of students participating, but would provide approximately $2 million to school districts to use for breakfast and lunch programs or to offset the $9 million transferred from operating funds. Ms. Nudelman discussed the fiscal note. Page one of the fiscal note shows $2.1 million in 2012, $2.3 million in 2013, $2.3 million in 2014, $2.4 million in 2015, $2.5 million in 2016 and $2.6 million in 2017. She continued to detail the fiscal note. 9:21:44 AM Co-Chair Stedman asked about the fiscal impact of the six schools that do not offer the lunch or breakfast program. Ms. Nudelman responded that the six schools currently not offering the program are small schools and would require necessary equipment. She listed the various schools totaling 490 students. Co-Chair Stedman asked if the schools that offer lunch alone might begin to offer breakfast if the legislation passes. Ms. Nudelman responded that additional hurdles must be overcome to provide the addition of breakfast programs for those schools currently without. 9:23:43 AM Senator McGuire stated that she supports the bill sponsor's intention. She wondered about the methods used to encourage new interest in the program for schools not yet participating. She asked about including new children by providing for a state match. She asked about the potential of increasing the programs without additional students. She recommended that state and agriculture programs grow as a result of the program. She requested creative alternatives regarding the food choices in the program. Co-Chair Stedman requested the percentages of students involved in the program for the various school districts. Co-Chair Stedman asked about the administration's position on the bill. Ms. Nudelman answered that the administration does not have a position on the bill. 9:26:41 AM Senator Olson recalled that the presentation listed that six districts did not offer either lunch or breakfast. He assumed that the entire district did not offer the program. Ms. Nudelman clarified that six school districts do not offer either breakfast or lunch. An additional ten districts do not participate in the breakfast program. 9:27:56 AM Co-Chair Stedman pointed out the new fiscal note from the Department of Education and Early Development (DEED) reflecting a $2,143,000 appropriation in FY 12. Funding for the program is not in the governor's budget. 9:28:48 AM GARY BALDWIN, SUPERINTENDENT, LOWER KUSKOKWIM SCHOOL DISTRICT, BETHEL (via teleconference), discussed the need for Bethel to have access to the program. Many children would not eat any food until lunch if not for the breakfast program. Much of the current funding is intended for instruction purposes. He mentioned his district's comprehensive nutrition policies. 9:32:12 AM AMY ROUSE, DIRECTOR OF THE AK SCHOOL NUTRITION ASSOCIATION (via teleconference), testified in support of the legislation. She pointed out the many children who are either homeless or in transition in our district. Each day, many children receive their only meal on school grounds. The funds included in SB 3 would help to provide the meals that many children have come to expect. 9:35:15 AM DOLORES FARRELL, SELF, SITKA (via teleconference) testified in support of the legislation. She applauded the previous testimony. She opined that information regarding nutrition and supplementation of student nutritional needs must be offered prior to supplementation. She supported education and the preparation of foods on site. She asked about the hurdles encountered by the schools wishing to provide breakfast to needy children. She proposed a method of reaching the children who need the food without compromising their self esteem. 9:37:48 AM THERESE ASHTON, PRINCIPAL, WRANGELL PUBLIC SCHOOL (via teleconference), testified in support of the legislation. She noted that the Wrangell district superintendent was responsible for the student breakfast and lunch program. She stated that 60 percent of the school's students qualify for free or reduced prices. She pointed out that one complaint from students is that the portions are too small. 9:40:38 AM CAROL COMEAU, SUPERINTENDENT, ANCHORAGE SCHOOL DISTRICT (via teleconference), echoed the prior testimony. She noted that 41 percent of the Anchorage School District's students qualify for free or reduced lunch. She pointed out the need for additional fruits and vegetables in the meals provided to the students. She opined that additional fruits and vegetables would make the meals more palatable for the students. She added that Anchorage has a system where they are able to provide occasional funds out of their general fund to students who do not qualify for free or reduced lunch. Students in her district are not identified as a free or reduced lunch recipient, which eliminates the embarassment factor. 9:43:26 AM BOB CRUMLEY, SUPERINTENDENT, CHUGACH SCHOOL DISTRICT (via teleconference), testified in support of the legislation. He stated that his district chose not to participate in the free and reduced lunch program. The district has instead, a free breakfast program funded out of their general fund. He stated that the breakfast is sometimes the only nutritious meal received by a student all day. He noted that the program increases attendance. 9:45:15 AM ROBERT EASON, COORDINATOR FOOD SERVICES, NORTH SLOPE SCHOOL DISTRICT, testified in support of the legislation. He explained that the current program is regulated well in his district. He noted that reauthorization will take place July 1, 2012 that will increase the cost of the lunch programs because of increased fruits and vegetables. The need for state support is thus increased. 9:47:25 AM CARL ROSE, ASSOCIATION OF ALASKA SCHOOL BOARDS, stated that research suggests that hunger is a large distraction for students. He echoed the comments made by the sponsor at the meeting's onset. He spoke in support of the legislation. He mentioned a recent article from the Chicago Tribune regarding a free and reduced lunch and breakfast program. 9:50:46 AM Senator Olson expressed concern regarding the palatability of the meals provided. He asked if the children were eating the meals or throwing them away. Mr. Rose responded that many different situations exist in schools regarding the nutrition provided. He mentioned fundraising efforts such as concession stands that might be in competition with school lunches. He felt that the majority of options including free and reduced lunches provide palatable choices. He commented that some of the school districts are unable to provide the food as they lack the necessary facilities. 9:52:27 AM Senator Thomas asked about the identification of students regarding fee or reduced lunches. Mr. Rose answered that many school districts are aware of the potential embarrassment factor and remedy it in an appropriate manner. 9:53:55 AM Co-Chair Stedman asked about the 35 percent of food that is rumored to be thrown away. He discussed the need for a Consumer Price Index (CPI) and sunset date for the program. He asked about the bill's effective date. Senator McGuire asked about the communities that do not offer breakfast and lunch. Ms. Harvey offered to provide answers to the committee. SB 3 was HEARD and HELD in Committee for further consideration.