Legislature(2025 - 2026)BUTROVICH 205

04/15/2025 01:30 PM Senate TRANSPORTATION

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Audio Topic
01:33:41 PM Start
01:34:48 PM SB152
01:39:40 PM Presentation: State of Alaska Bridges
02:36:42 PM Adjourn
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+= SB 152 HAROLD ESMAILKA AIRPORT AT RUBY TELECONFERENCED
Moved SB 152 Out of Committee
-- Public Testimony --
Presentation: State of Alaska Bridges
Department of Transportation and Public
Facilities
**Streamed live on AKL.tv**
                    ALASKA STATE LEGISLATURE                                                                                  
            SENATE TRANSPORTATION STANDING COMMITTEE                                                                          
                         April 15, 2025                                                                                         
                           1:33 p.m.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Senator Jesse Bjorkman, Chair                                                                                                   
Senator Löki Tobin, Vice Chair                                                                                                  
Senator Jesse Kiehl                                                                                                             
Senator Bert Stedman                                                                                                            
Senator Mike Shower                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
All members present                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
SENATE BILL NO. 152                                                                                                             
"An Act renaming Ruby Airport as Harold Esmailka Airport; and                                                                   
providing for an effective date."                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     - MOVED SB 152 OUT OF COMMITTEE                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
PRESENTATION: STATE OF ALASKA BRIDGES                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     - HEARD                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
PREVIOUS COMMITTEE ACTION                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
BILL: SB 152                                                                                                                  
SHORT TITLE: HAROLD ESMAILKA AIRPORT AT RUBY                                                                                    
SPONSOR(s): SENATOR(s) CRONK                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
03/31/25       (S)       READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRALS                                                                        
03/31/25       (S)       TRA, STA                                                                                               
04/10/25       (S)       TRA AT 1:30 PM BUTROVICH 205                                                                           
04/10/25       (S)       Heard & Held                                                                                           
04/10/25       (S)       MINUTE(TRA)                                                                                            
04/15/25       (S)       TRA AT 1:30 PM BUTROVICH 205                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
WITNESS REGISTER                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR MIKE CRONK, District R                                                                                                  
Alaska State Legislature                                                                                                        
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION STATEMENT: Sponsor of SB 152.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
LESLIE DAUGHERTY, Chief Bridge Engineer                                                                                         
Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (DOTPF)                                                                      
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION STATEMENT: Co-presented State of Alaska Bridges.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
NICHOLAS MURRAY, Senior Bridge Engineer                                                                                         
Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (DOTPF)                                                                      
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION STATEMENT: Co-presented State of Alaska Bridges.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MICHAEL KNAPP, Statewide Hydraulics Engineer                                                                                    
Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (DOTPF)                                                                      
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION STATEMENT: Co-presented State of Alaska Bridges.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
ACTION NARRATIVE                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
1:33:41 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR   BJORKMAN  called   the   Senate  Transportation   Standing                                                              
Committee meeting  to order  at 1:33 p.m.  Present at the  call to                                                              
order were  Senators Stedman,  Kiehl, Tobin,  and Chair  Bjorkman.                                                              
Senator Shower arrived shortly thereafter.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
              SB 152-HAROLD ESMAILKA AIRPORT AT RUBY                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
1:34:48 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  BJORKMAN announced  the consideration  of  SENATE BILL  NO.                                                              
152  "An Act  renaming Ruby  Airport as  Harold Esmailka  Airport;                                                              
and providing for an effective date."                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR BJORKMAN noted this is the second hearing of SB 152.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
1:35:05 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  MIKE   CRONK,  District  R,  Alaska   State  Legislature,                                                              
Juneau,  Alaska,  said  SB  152 renames  the  Ruby  Airport  after                                                              
Harold Esmailka,  a treasured Alaskan.  He stated that  this would                                                              
honor  Mr. Esmailka  for his many  contributions  to the State  of                                                              
Alaska.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
1:35:45 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR SHOWER joined the meeting.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:35:52 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN opened public testimony on SB 152.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
1:36:11 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN closed public testimony on SB 152.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
1:36:15 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN solicited the will of the committee.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
1:36:19 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR TOBIN  moved to report  [SB 152, work order  34-LS0813\N],                                                              
from  committee  with  individual   recommendations  and  attached                                                              
fiscal note(s).                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
1:36:36 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN  found no  objection and SB  152 was  reported from                                                              
the Senate Transportation Standing Committee.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
1:36:49 PM                                                                                                                    
At ease.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
^PRESENTATION: STATE OF ALASKA BRIDGES                                                                                          
             PRESENTATION: STATE OF ALASKA BRIDGES                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
1:39:40 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR   BJORKMAN  reconvened   the  meeting   and  announced   the                                                              
presentation, State of Alaska Bridges.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
1:40:19 PM                                                                                                                    
LESLIE   DAUGHERTY,   Chief   Bridge   Engineer,   Department   of                                                              
Transportation  and  Public Facilities  (DOTPF),  Juneau,  Alaska,                                                              
introduced herself.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
1:40:42 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY  advanced  to  slide  2 and  gave  an  overview  of                                                              
bridges in Alaska:                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                     Bridges - Introduction                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
        • Alaska Bridges                                                                                                        
        • 1,077 bridges total                                                                                                   
             • 864 bridges owned by DOTPF                                                                                       
             • 98 culverts (greater than 20' long)                                                                              
        • 4 tunnels                                                                                                             
        • Average age is 39 years                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     Bridge Section                                                                                                             
        • Staff of 25        Structural, Hydraulics, and                                                                        
          Foundations                                                                                                           
        • Design                                                                                                                
        • Inspection                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
          [Slide 2 contains a bar chart showing bridge                                                                          
     age/number of bridges.]                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. DAUGHERTY  said that  in the early  1990s, bridge  design life                                                              
changed from roughly 50 years to 75 years.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
1:42:00 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  TOBIN  asked  whether   this  includes  foot  bridges  or                                                              
pedestrian overpasses.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
1:42:12 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY  replied no.  She clarified  that this  presentation                                                              
is focused  on vehicular bridges  (not including  railroad bridges                                                              
or   pedestrian  bridges).   She  said   pedestrian  bridges   are                                                              
considered  minor structures  and are  inspected by  DOTPF and  in                                                              
DOTPF's inventory  if they fall  within DOTPF's right-of-way.  She                                                              
added  that   pedestrian  bridges   fall  under  national   bridge                                                              
inspection standards  if they  cross over or  under a  roadway and                                                              
offered an example.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
1:42:56 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY continued her discussion of slide 2:                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                     Bridges - Introduction                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
        • Alaska Bridges                                                                                                        
        • 1,077 bridges total                                                                                                   
        • 864 bridges owned by DOTPF                                                                                            
             • 98 culverts (greater than 20' long)                                                                              
        • 4 tunnels                                                                                                             
        • Average age is 39 years                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Bridge Section                                                                                                             
        • Staff of 25        Structural, Hydraulics, and                                                                        
          Foundations                                                                                                           
        • Design                                                                                                                
        • Inspection                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
          [Slide 2 contains a bar chart showing bridge                                                                          
     age/number of bridges.]                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. DAUGHERTY briefly described the bridge inspection frequency.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
1:43:57 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY advanced to slide 3 and discussed the ASCE Report                                                                 
Card:                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                        ASCE Report Card                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
                        Bridge Grade B+                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
        • "Alaska has 1,685 bridges, the majority of which                                                                      
          are  less  than 50  years  old, making  them  newer                                                                   
          than  bridges  in  most other  states.  While  less                                                                   
          than  7   percent  of  Alaska's  state   and  local                                                                   
          bridges are  rated in poor condition,  the critical                                                                   
          and   economical   time   to  maintain   this   key                                                                   
          infrastructure  is  before problems  arise.  Alaska                                                               
          is  at  the  forefront  of  seismic  bridge  design                                                               
          research  and  implementation  and  is  a  national                                                               
          leader   when  it   comes   to  innovative   bridge                                                                   
          inspection techniques."                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
        • As context, 8.2 percent of bridges were in poor                                                                       
          condition   ("structurally   deficient")  in   2021                                                                   
          report card                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     Consider:                                                                                                                
        • ASCE includes 600 federal bridges that aren't                                                                         
          typical public roads                                                                                                  
        • ASCE relies on volunteers to gather data, write                                                                       
          report ASCE REPORT CARD                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     ASCE: American Society of Civil Engineers                                                                                  
     Source:     https://infrastructurereportcard.org/state-                                                                    
     item/alaska/                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
MS. DAUGHERTY  disclosed that  she was an  author of  the American                                                              
Society of  Civil Engineers (ASCE)  Report Card in 2017  and 2021.                                                              
She  is no  longer on  that committee.  She noted  that the  1,685                                                              
bridges referenced  includes federal bridges. Alaska  is unique in                                                              
the  number of  federal bridges  -  around 600,  owned by  various                                                              
entities. These are  typically limited use bridges.  The number of                                                              
"poor" bridges has  decreased to 6.7 percent (this  includes state                                                              
and  local bridges  only). National  Highway  System (NHS)  "poor"                                                              
bridges are at 5.1 percent.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:46:11 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN  pointed out that  Alaska's bridges have a  B+ ASCE                                                              
grade while  roads have  a C-. He  asked for  insight on  how this                                                              
might be improved.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:46:39 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY commented  that  Alaska has  a  large road  system;                                                              
however,  there are  few  bridges compared  to  other states.  She                                                              
pointed  out  that Texas  has  50,000  bridges, while  Alaska  has                                                              
1,000. She suggested  that it may be easier to  maintain the small                                                              
number  of bridges  compared  to the  expansive  road system.  She                                                              
said she  would provide additional  insight after  conferring with                                                              
others in both departments.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:47:16 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  SHOWER asked  for  a general  estimation  of the  overall                                                              
status of Alaska's bridges.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:47:51 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY replied  that,  while there  are  fewer bridges  in                                                              
poor  condition,  some  concerns  remain.  This  includes  stalled                                                              
projects.  She opined  that,  if  bridges are  deprioritized,  the                                                              
number of  poor bridges would increase.  She shared an  analogy of                                                              
a  vehicle  oil  change  to  illustrate  the  need  for  continued                                                              
upkeep.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
1:48:42 PM                                                                                                                    
MICHAEL  KNAPP,  Statewide  Hydraulics   Engineer,  Department  of                                                              
Transportation  and  Public Facilities  (DOTPF),  Juneau,  Alaska,                                                              
said  that  from a  hydraulics  perspective,  the practice  is  to                                                              
favor deep  foundations and  bank protection.  He opined  that the                                                              
current practice is favorable.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
1:49:23 PM                                                                                                                    
NICHOLAS   MURRAY,   Senior   Bridge   Engineer,   Department   of                                                              
Transportation  and  Public Facilities  (DOTPF),  Juneau,  Alaska,                                                              
said  that  having  a relatively  low  number  of  bridges  allows                                                              
Alaska to be nimble. He opined that Alaska's bridges are in good                                                                
shape; however, there are unique challenges to address.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
1:50:24 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR SHOWER asked whether railroad bridges are included.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:50:46 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY replied no. She clarified that DOTPF does not deal                                                                
with railroad bridges unless they travel over or under a DOTPF                                                                  
roadway (in this case, DOTPF performs structural inspections).                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
1:51:06 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY advanced to slide 4 and discussed successes:                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                           Successes                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
        • What Alaska does right                                                                                                
        • Cradle to grave approach                                                                                              
        • National leaders                                                                                                      
             • American     Association     State     Highway                                                                   
               Transportation Officials (AASHTO)                                                                                
             • National Academy of Science                                                                                      
        • Research - $1.5 million annual for seismic and/or                                                                     
          cold region bridge behavior                                                                                           
       • Partnerships with national experts, universities                                                                       
        • Extreme event response                                                                                                
             • Drones (UAS) inspections                                                                                         
             • Starlink/TEAMS                                                                                                   
        • Innovation and Implementation                                                                                         
            • ABC (accelerated bridge construction)                                                                             
             • Alternative procurement                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MS.  DAUGHERTY said  Alaska's  climate makes  research  necessary.                                                              
She shared  an example of research  that is evaluating  the use of                                                              
artificial   intelligence  (AI)   for   rapid  assessments   after                                                              
earthquakes.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
1:53:17 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY advanced to slide 5 and discussed challenges:                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                           Challenges                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
        • Where we can improve                                                                                                  
        • Greater focus on preserving/maintaining                                                                               
        • Bridge emergency funds                                                                                                
        • Discuss establishing a maximum GVW for legal                                                                          
          loads                                                                                                                 
        • Bridge strike elimination  replace trusses like                                                                       
          Gerstle Bridge                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     [Slide 5 contains a bar chart illustrating the number                                                                      
     of bridge strikes per year from 2012-2024.]                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MS. DAUGHERTY said  DOTPF has been working on  an asset management                                                              
plan.   She  explained   that  it   is  difficult   to  create   a                                                              
deterioration model  given Alaska's size and  climate variability.                                                              
She  said  it  is difficult  to  obtain  emergency  funding.  This                                                              
cannot be added  to the Statewide Transportation  Improvement Plan                                                              
(STIP) as the  information is not available in  advance. She noted                                                              
one bridge strike to date in 2025.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:55:26 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. KNAPP advanced to slide 6 and discussed hydraulics:                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                           Hydraulics                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     The job of DOTPF Hydraulics staff is to know Alaska's                                                                      
          rivers and creeks and how they interact with                                                                          
     infrastructure.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     HYDROLOGY  How much water should we expect?                                                                                
     HYDRAULICS  How should we manage that water?                                                                               
        • Floods                                                                                                                
        • Bridge Scour                                                                                                          
        • Ice                                                                                                                   
        • Navigation                                                                                                            
        • Environmental Regulations (e.g., fish passage)                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR.  KNAPP  briefly  discussed  the  various  areas  of  expertise                                                              
within  the Bridges  Section of  DOTPF: geotechnical  engineering,                                                              
structural  engineering,   and  hydraulics).  He   explained  that                                                              
bridge scour refers to erosion on the underside of bridges.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:58:13 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  KNAPP   advanced  to  slide   7  and  continued   to  discuss                                                              
hydraulics:                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                           Hydraulics                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     Statewide Hydraulics                                                                                                     
        • Bridge Hydraulics                                                                                                     
        • Inspection Support                                                                                                    
        • Policy and Standards Recommendations                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     Regional Hydraulics                                                                                                      
        • Culverts and Fish Passage                                                                                             
        • Roadside Drainage                                                                                                     
        • Storm Sewer Systems                                                                                                   
        • Stormwater Management                                                                                                 
        • Revetments                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MR. KNAPP  briefly explained  that large  projects are  managed by                                                              
the   statewide   hydraulics   office.    This   includes   bridge                                                              
management,   bridge  inspection   (specifically,  water   related                                                              
issues), and bank protections.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
2:00:08 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  KNAPP   advanced  to   slide  8   and  continued   discussing                                                              
hydraulics:                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                           Hydraulics                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     State-Federal Collaborations                                                                                             
        • State Transportation Improvement Plan (STIP) Need                                                                     
          IDs 6450, 6455, and 12579                                                                                             
        • Joint-Funding Agreements with the U.S. Geological                                                                     
          Survey (USGS)                                                                                                         
        • https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-                                                                          
          center/science/streambed-scourbridges-Alaska                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MR.  KNAPP said  STIP Need  ID 6450  supports  stream gaging;  the                                                              
resulting  data is  used  in regression  equations.  STIP Need  ID                                                              
6455  supports  hydrologic  studies,  which is  highly  useful  in                                                              
emergency events.  STIP Need ID 12579 supports  the scour program,                                                              
which provides real-time scour conditions.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
2:02:42 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. KNAPP directed attention to the following images on slide 8:                                                                
                                                                                                                                
        • Upper right: Susitna River bridge on the Denali                                                                       
          Highway                                                                                                               
        • Lower Right: Anchor River on Old Sterling Highway                                                                     
       • Left: USGS tools available for DOTPF assistance                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:04:03 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN asked the status of the partnership with USGS.                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:04:22 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  KNAPP  shared  his  understanding   that  the  scour  program                                                              
funding was  secure; however,  he did not  know the status  of the                                                              
other joint funding agreements.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
2:04:49 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN asked about hydraulic bridge adjustments.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:05:23 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY  said  those  might  be  seismic  retrofit  systems                                                              
within the bridge that help in the event of an earthquake.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
2:05:45 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MURRAY  explained that these  are machine hydraulic  "dampers"                                                              
which absorb  and redistribute  energy when  the bridge  begins to                                                              
shake.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
2:06:09 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN asked how often the dampers require maintenance.                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
2:06:14 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MURRAY replied  that the dampers require  regular maintenance.                                                              
He  said very  few bridges  in  Alaska have  that  type of  active                                                              
system; DOTPF  has avoided  using them because  of the  high level                                                              
of maintenance  they require.  He offered  examples of  the issues                                                              
that can arise  and said these systems  tend to work well  in more                                                              
temperate regions.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
2:07:07 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  KNAPP   advanced  to   slide  9   and  continued   discussing                                                              
hydraulics:                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                           Hydraulics                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     Challenges                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
        • Wild rivers that move (up, down, and side-to-                                                                         
          side)                                                                                                                 
        • Travel logistics                                                                                                      
        • Limited data, sometimes                                                                                               
        • Analytical tools cannot address every natural                                                                         
          phenomenon                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:08:35 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MURRAY advanced to slide 10 and discussed the Juneau Creek                                                                  
Bridge project:                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                      Juneau Creek Bridge                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
        • Contract Amount: $151,327,688                                                                                         
        • Contractor: Traylor/QAP Joint                                                                                         
        • Contract Completion Date: June 30, 2028                                                                               
        • Bridge Length: 928 ft                                                                                                 
        • Venture Main Span Length: 440 ft                                                                                      
        • Bridge Width: 63.5 ft                                                                                                 
        • Designed in-house by DOTPF Engineers                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR. MURRAY emphasized that this is a significant structure over                                                                 
a deep gully.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:10:38 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MURRAY advanced to slide 11 and continued discussing the                                                                    
Juneau Creek Bridge project:                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                      Juneau Creek Bridge Structural steel fabricated outside of Phoenix,                                                                     
          Arizona                                                                                                             
             • Trucked from Arizona to the Port of Long                                                                         
               Beach, CA                                                                                                        
             • Barged from Long Beach, CA to Seward, AK                                                                         
               (ETA June 2025)                                                                                                  
        • 45 individual segments, each ~100 ft                                                                                  
        • 6.75 million lbs. of structural steel                                                                                 
        • 1.12 million lbs. of reinforcing steel (rebar)                                                                        
        • 16.7 million lbs. of concrete                                                                                         
        • 30,000 bolts                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Less than half the bridge assembled in AZ                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR. MURRAY briefly  explained the fabrication process.  The bridge                                                              
is  partially  built  in  Arizona,  to  verify  fit.  It  is  then                                                              
disassembled  and  reassembled  upon arrival.  He  emphasized  the                                                              
large size of the bridge.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
2:11:51 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MURRAY advanced to slide 12 and continued discussing the                                                                    
Juneau Creek Bridge:                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                      Juneau Creek Bridge                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
        • Steel will be completely assembled at one end of                                                                      
          the bridge and slowly pushed (launched) across                                                                        
          the canyon                                                                                                            
        • Will be the longest launched bridge in North                                                                          
          America                                                                                                               
        • Launching expected in August 2026                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
2:12:58 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MURRAY advanced to slide 13 and discussed the Yukon River                                                                   
Bridge:                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                       Yukon River Bridge                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
        • Constructed in 1975 as part of TAPS                                                                                   
        • Timber decking was used as an interim wearing                                                                         
          surface                                                                                                               
             • Multiple replacements have been tested but                                                                       
               nothing so far has stood to heavy truck                                                                          
               traffic                                                                                                          
             • The bridge was not designed for any                                                                              
               additional load (concrete, asphalt, etc.)                                                                        
        • Sees lots of heavy traffic - 60 percent trucks                                                                        
        • Bridge is on steep 6 percent grade                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
2:14:21 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  MURRAY advanced  to  slide 14  and  continued discussing  the                                                              
Yukon River Bridge:                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                       Yukon River Bridge                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
        • Wearing surface was last replaced in 2011 and has                                                                     
          significant deterioration and wear causing less                                                                       
         than ideal conditions for heavy truck traffic                                                                          
        • ~4,500 16-ft long pieces of timber required for                                                                       
          redecking                                                                                                             
        • Material will be state-furnished to expedite                                                                          
          construction and ensure decking can be replaced                                                                       
          in 2025                                                                                                               
        • Anticipated advertisement by mid-May 2025                                                                             
        • Estimated construction cost ~$3-4 million                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
2:15:40 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  SHOWER  asked  for  clarification  that  DOTPF  would  be                                                              
seeking 4,500 pieces of lumber for summer 2025 construction.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
2:15:51 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MURRAY  replied  yes. He explained  that  this portion  of the                                                              
project is  a separate contract and  is already out for  bids. The                                                              
second contract is for installation.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:16:14 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  SHOWER asked  if DOTPF  is  seeking the  lumber from  in-                                                              
state suppliers.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MR.  MURRAY  replied  that  he   is  uncertain  whether  this  was                                                              
specified.  He shared his  understanding that  no lumber  mills in                                                              
the state can offer the quantity and grade requested.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
2:16:41 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MURRAY advanced  to slide 15 and discussed  polyester concrete                                                              
overlays:                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                  Polyester Concrete Overlays                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
       Bridge Projects include Knik River Bridges, Copper                                                                       
        River Bridges/Sterling Highway, Cripple Creek in                                                                        
     Fairbanks                                                                                                                  
        • First Alaska project in 2008                                                                                          
        • 30+ year life                                                                                                         
        • Fully waterproof                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
MR. MURRAY explained  that this is an epoxy overlay  that requires                                                              
a thin application but is effective.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:17:56 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY advanced to slide 16                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                  Rabbit Creek POC (Anchorage)                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Replacement of roof slated for end of summer 2025                                                                          
        • Draft plan review in progress                                                                                         
        • Tentative advertising date anticipated within a                                                                       
          week                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     [Slide 16 also contains a diagram of the POC.]                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
MS. DAUGHERTY  explained  that the  roof of the  Rabbit Creek  POC                                                              
blew off in  an extreme wind event  in January 2025. While  it was                                                              
designed  to code,  the previous  code requirements  did not  meet                                                              
current standards.  She said  the project is  in the  final design                                                              
stages and would likely go out to bid in May.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:18:42 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY  advanced to  slide 17  and discussed the  Ketchikan                                                              
viaducts. Slide  17 contains preliminary  imagery of  the project,                                                              
with sections labeled.  She explained that this  is two structures                                                              
that  together make  up 3,351  feet  long, making  it the  longest                                                              
bridge in the state.  She gave a brief overview of  the history of                                                              
use and repair  of the Ketchikan viaducts. She  expressed concern,                                                              
as this  bridge has  come to the  end of its  design life  with no                                                              
funding available  to replace  the bridge.  She noted  discussions                                                              
with  the Ketchikan  Native community  that could  provide use  of                                                              
tribal   transportation    funds   from   the    Federal   Highway                                                              
Administration. She briefly explained the planned updates.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
2:20:06 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY advanced  to  slide 18  and  discussed bridge  axle                                                              
loading:                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                      Bridge Axle Loading                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
        • Bridge Loading is related to axle weights and                                                                         
          spacings, not Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW)                                                                              
        • Bridges are not designed or analyzed for GVW                                                                          
        • Short bridges may not see all of truck load if it                                                                     
          is spread out                                                                                                         
        • Long span bridges see more of truck weight                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MS. DAUGHERTY said  that bridge axle loading could  have impact on                                                              
the  entirety   of  Alaska's  highway   system.  She   said  that,                                                              
according  to federal  law, Alaska  is exempt  from maximum  gross                                                              
vehicle  weight.   She  emphasized  that  the  manner   of  weight                                                              
distribution   is  important.   Slide   18   contains  images   to                                                              
illustrate  how  different  weight   distributions  can  impact  a                                                              
bridge. She briefly discussed these.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:21:15 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY  advanced to  slide  19  and continued  to  discuss                                                              
bridge loading.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                     Bridge Loading Example                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     Bridge Loading is comparable to airplane loading where                                                                     
     distribution of loads is what keeps airplanes stable.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
       [Slide 19 contains two images titled, "weight and                                                                        
     balance" and "establishing a balance."]                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
2:21:53 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY advanced  to slide 20 and continued  to discuss load                                                              
distribution:                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                       Load Distribution                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
        • Legal loads are route and configuration dependent                                                                     
        • Historically, permitted loads have exceeded                                                                           
          400,000 lbs. GVW                                                                                                      
        • Based on  axle weight and spacing, by  federal law,                                                                   
          we must restrict any loads over "operating limit"                                                                     
          - maximum safe load (23 CFR 650.305)                                                                                  
        • Permits  are  granted   based  on  operating  limit                                                                   
          because loads are known and analyzed; more                                                                            
          enforcement available                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
2:22:49 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY advanced to slide 21 and discussed ore hauls:                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                           Ore Hauls                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
        • FHWA  requiring a  new  method of  load rating  and                                                                   
          posting for Long Combination Vehicles (LCV),                                                                          
          study expected 2025                                                                                                   
        • About  65  percent  of   Alaska's  bridges  predate                                                                   
          federal exemption from 80,000 lb. maximum GVW (23                                                                     
          CFR 658 App C)                                                                                                        
        • Given  old/aging  infrastructure, DOTPF  is  likely                                                                   
          to load post more bridges                                                                                             
        • Non-divisible  loads above  legal can  still get  a                                                                   
          permit if the bridges can handle the loads                                                                            
        • Bridge   inspections  have   increased  to   ensure                                                                   
          safety due to ore haul and other locations due to                                                                     
          new federal regulations                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
MS. DAUGHERTY  explained that two  summers ago, an ore  haul began                                                              
between  Tok and Fairbanks.  A new  truck was  designed that  took                                                              
advantage  of Alaska's  exemption  from  the federal  maximum  for                                                              
gross vehicle  weight. (This  truck does  comply with  axel weight                                                              
and  spacing  requirements.)  Shortly  thereafter,  an  FHA  audit                                                              
determined  that there  was  a potential  for  even  bigger -  and                                                              
heavier -  trucks in Alaska and  FHA required proof  that Alaska's                                                              
analysis  and load  posting practices  were  acceptable. DOTPF  is                                                              
currently  preparing  the requested  data  for FHA.  She  surmised                                                              
that,  as  a  result,  load posting  will  be  required  for  more                                                              
bridges.   She   said   that  load   posting   limitations   could                                                              
potentially  hurt   commerce  because  it  restricts   all  trucks                                                              
carrying  a certain  load weight  but does not  take into  account                                                              
the load distribution.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
2:24:15 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN  asked if  DOTPF could  offer permits to  encourage                                                              
trucks with a sensible load, thereby discouraging others.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
2:24:44 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY  replied  that  the bridge  office  does  not  have                                                              
regulatory  authority.  Once the  load  study is  released,  DOTPF                                                              
will have discussions  with the Alaska Trucking  Association (ATA)                                                              
along with  DOTPF's Weights  and Measures  Section. She  suggested                                                              
that it  could become  a legislative  issue.  She stated that  the                                                              
federal exemption makes regulation difficult.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:25:22 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  BJORKMAN  commented  that  no  one  wants  the  bridges  to                                                              
collapse, and  it is important that  people be able to  move loads                                                              
between  locations in  a sensible  way.  He asked  if DOTPF  needs                                                              
more  capacity to  regulate  traffic across  bridges  in order  to                                                              
maximize the aforementioned goal.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
2:25:58 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY  replied that a  gross vehicle weight  maximum would                                                              
create a guideline  for all trucks. She suggested  that this might                                                              
not be  the best  approach (as  illustrated in  her discussion  of                                                              
vehicle weight  distribution); however,  it would be  helpful. She                                                              
added that  trucks could  apply for  a permit  for loads  that are                                                              
not  divisible.  She  explained   that  divisible  loads  are  not                                                              
permittable.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
2:26:44 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  BJORKMAN  asked if  the  tool  that  would create  a  gross                                                              
vehicle weight maximum is a federal tool.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
2:26:51 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY replied that it could be federal or state.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:26:56 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY   advanced  to  slide   22  and  discussed   bridge                                                              
resources:                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                        Bridge Resources                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
        • National    Bridge   Inspection   Data    including                                                                   
          performance       history      and       forecasts:                                                                   
          https://infobridge.fhwa.dot.gov/Data                                                                                  
        • Alaska's    bridges    with   condition    ratings:                                                                   
          https://gis.data.alaska.gov/datasets/AKDOT:bridge                                                                     
          s-akdot1/explore                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
MS. DAUGHERTY  explained  that these resources  allow Alaskans  to                                                              
look  up information  on bridges  in their  area. The  first is  a                                                              
federal   database   with   bridge   inspection   and   projection                                                              
information.   The   second   link    is   Alaska's   Geographical                                                              
Information System  (GIS) website,  which provides information  on                                                              
the condition (e.g. good/fair/poor) of each bridge in the state.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
2:28:34 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  SHOWER asked  about the  Port Mackenzie  access road  and                                                              
the  proposed multimodal  solution (which  would include  railroad                                                              
and bridge).  He questioned how  this would work,  since railroads                                                              
are not part of DOTPF.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
2:29:06 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. DAUGHERTY replied  that it could be a joint  use agreement, or                                                              
one entity  could take ownership  and inspections would  be worked                                                              
out between the  two entities. She surmised that  Federal Railroad                                                              
Administration (FRA)  has its own  set of criteria. This  would be                                                              
done through the Commissioner's office.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR SHOWER indicated that he would look into this further.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
2:29:55 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN  said that gaps and  drops can develop  on bridges,                                                              
and  this can  cause  vehicle damage.  He  asked  if DOTPF  should                                                              
change its approach in order to avoid this.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
2:30:37 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY replied  that newer  bridges  have approach  slabs,                                                              
which can help  with this. She briefly explained  how soil settles                                                              
and can cause a  gap, and the approach slap provides  a transition                                                              
and alleviates  the bumps.  Not all  bridges have approach  slabs.                                                              
Approach slabs  can be  added to bridges  when retrofit  funds are                                                              
available;  however, this  work  is always  added  to an  existing                                                              
project.  She said  if there is  a particular  bridge of  concern,                                                              
this can  be evaluated to determine  whether an approach  slab can                                                              
be added.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
2:31:54 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  BJORKMAN  noted  two  bridges in  his  district  have  this                                                              
issue:  the  Warren  Ames  Memorial Bridge  and  the  Kenai  River                                                              
Bridge.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
2:32:23 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY  shared  her understanding  that  the  Kenai  River                                                              
Bridge is  receiving a  polyester concrete  overlay in  the summer                                                              
of  2025; the  differential heights  should be  evaluated at  that                                                              
time. She indicated that she would follow up with this issue.                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:32:40 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  BJORKMAN  asked  about the  different  bridge  construction                                                              
materials and whether there is an industry standard.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:33:11 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  MURRAY said  there  are many  options.  He briefly  explained                                                              
some of  those options.  The cost/benefit  is considered.  He said                                                              
remoteness,  a short construction  season,  and cost of  materials                                                              
guide  the  methods and  products  used.  He offered  examples  to                                                              
illustrate  how these  conditions  impact  projects and  materials                                                              
used.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
2:34:47 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR SHOWER  described a  long, flat  bridge in Anchorage  that                                                              
has a  large bump. He  said many accidents  occur on  that bridge.                                                              
He  asked to  add  this  bridge  to the  list  to evaluate  for  a                                                              
potential approach slab.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:35:23 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  DAUGHERTY said  that  bridge is  also  receiving a  polyester                                                              
concrete overlay  this summer. Ruts  will also be removed  at that                                                              
time.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
2:35:31 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR BJORKMAN  thanked the  presenters. He  noted that  they have                                                              
the  skills,  tools,  and  abilities  to  deal  with  the  various                                                              
details. He  commented that he is  happy to discuss  the different                                                              
aspects and ensure that work is done effectively the first time.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
2:36:42 PM                                                                                                                    
There  being no  further business  to come  before the  committee,                                                              
Chair  Bjorkman  adjourned  the   Senate  Transportation  Standing                                                              
Committee meeting at 2:36 p.m.                                                                                                  

Document Name Date/Time Subjects
04152025 Sen Trans Bridges FINAL.pdf STRA 4/15/2025 1:30:00 PM
State of Alaska's Bridges
DOT addnl info for questions on 20250415.pdf STRA 4/15/2025 1:30:00 PM
State of Alaska's Bridges