Legislature(2023 - 2024)BUTROVICH 205

03/14/2023 01:30 PM Senate TRANSPORTATION

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Audio Topic
01:34:35 PM Start
01:35:42 PM Presentation: Unmanned Aircraft Systems (uas) and Advanced Air Mobility (aam)
01:50:33 PM Presentation: Flying to the Future: Building the Drone Industry in Alaska
02:33:53 PM Adjourn
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
Presentation: Advanced Air Mobility by
Nick Adkins, Deputy Director of Alaska Center
for Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration, UAF
Ryan Marlow, CMS, UAS Program Coordinator,
DOTP&F Statewide Aviation
-- Teleconference <Listen Only> --
**Streamed live on AKL.tv**
+ Bills Previously Heard/Scheduled TELECONFERENCED
                    ALASKA STATE LEGISLATURE                                                                                  
            SENATE TRANSPORTATION STANDING COMMITTEE                                                                          
                         March 14, 2023                                                                                         
                           1:34 p.m.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Senator James Kaufman, Chair                                                                                                    
Senator David Wilson, Vice Chair                                                                                                
Senator Löki Tobin                                                                                                              
Senator Jesse Kiehl                                                                                                             
Senator Robert Myers                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
All members present                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
PRESENTATION: UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (UAS) AND ADVANCED AIR                                                                  
MOBILITY (AAM).                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     - HEARD                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
PRESENTATION: FLYING TO THE FUTURE: BUILDING THE DRONE INDUSTRY                                                                 
IN ALASKA                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     - HEARD                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
PREVIOUS COMMITTEE ACTION                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
No previous action to record                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
WITNESS REGISTER                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
RYAN MARLOW, Coordinator                                                                                                        
Drone Program                                                                                                                   
Division of Statewide Aviation                                                                                                  
Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (DOTPF)                                                                      
Anchorage, Alaska                                                                                                               
POSITION STATEMENT: Delivered a presentation titled "Unmanned                                                                 
Aircraft Systems and Advanced Air Mobility" by the Department of                                                                
Transportation and Public Facilities (DOTPF).                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
NICK ADKINS, Deputy Director                                                                                                    
Alaska Center for UAS Integration (ACUASI)                                                                                      
University of Alaska Fairbanks                                                                                                  
Fairbanks, Alaska                                                                                                               
POSITION  STATEMENT: Delivered  a  presentation titled  "Building                                                             
the Drone Industry in Alaska."                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
ACTION NARRATIVE                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:34:35 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  JAMES KAUFMAN  called the  Senate Transportation  Standing                                                             
Committee meeting  to order at 1:34  p.m. Present at the  call to                                                               
order  were  Senators  Wilson,  Tobin,  Kiehl,  Myers  and  Chair                                                               
Kaufman.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
^PRESENTATION: UNMANNED  AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (UAS) AND  ADVANCED AIR                                                               
MOBILITY (AAM)                                                                                                                  
 PRESENTATION: UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS (UAS) AND ADVANCED AIR                                                             
                         MOBILITY (AAM)                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:35:42 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  KAUFMAN announced  the consideration  of the  Advanced Air                                                               
Mobility presentation.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
1:36:06 PM                                                                                                                    
NICK ADKINS,  Deputy Director, Alaska Center  for UAS Integration                                                               
(ACUASI),  University  of  Alaska Fairbanks,  Fairbanks,  Alaska,                                                               
introduced himself.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
RYAN MARLOW,  Coordinator, Drone  Program, Division  of Statewide                                                               
Aviation,  Department  of  Transportation and  Public  Facilities                                                               
(DOTPF),  Anchorage,  Alaska,  introduced himself  and  shared  a                                                               
four-minute video about drones in Alaska.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
1:39:26 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MARLOW delivered a presentation titled, "Unmanned Aircraft                                                                  
Systems (UAS) and Advanced Air Mobility (AAM). He began with                                                                    
slide 2, "Alaska UAS/AAM Development."                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     $35.4 Million Programmed for CY 2023 for UAS Research                                                                      
     and Development                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     • Funding Sources                                                                                                          
        • U.S. DOT & FAA                                                                                                        
        • State of Alaska                                                                                                       
        • Private Investments                                                                                                   
     • Partnerships                                                                                                             
        •  ACUASI                                                                                                               
        •  State of Alaska Agencies                                                                                             
        •  Federal                                                                                                              
        •  Private Industry                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:40:50 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MARLOW continued with slide 3, "Alaska UAS Growth for 2022-                                                                 
2023." He reported that Alaska leads the nation with more                                                                       
unmanned aircraft registered than manned aircraft. He stated                                                                    
that the industry averaged 20-30 percent growth each year in the                                                                
unmanned sector. He remarked on the registration of one unmanned                                                                
aircraft per 81 people. The technology is utilized for change                                                                   
detection, wildlife monitoring, surveying, inspection and                                                                       
cinematography.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR KAUFMAN appreciated the desire to improve technology and                                                                
communication related to air travel.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
1:42:26 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MARLOW moved to slide 4, "AAM Gap Analysis and                                                                              
Transportation System." He spoke about unmanned transportation                                                                  
advantages. He highlighted the advantages of an initiative-                                                                     
taking approach to multimodal transportation.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
1:43:10 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MARLOW moved to slide 5, "FAA Alaska Aviation Safety                                                                        
Initiative (FAASI). He shared strategies developed with the                                                                     
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). He highlighted the                                                                       
priority of weather reporting enhancement. He mentioned the                                                                     
Automated Weather Observing System (AWOS) and Automated Surface                                                                 
Observing Systems (ASOS), which are required for many scheduled                                                                 
operations. He included the priorities of aeronautical charting,                                                                
navigation strategy development, surveillance and safety                                                                        
outreach. The priorities build the foundation for the group to                                                                  
proceed with an airspace integration.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
1:43:57 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR KIEHL asked about terms like AWOS and surveillance.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:44:13 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MARLOW responded that AWOS involves automated weather                                                                       
observing stations. The FAA currently manages the program. He                                                                   
explained that weather is reported prior to flights. He remarked                                                                
that the program is difficult to maintain in Alaska. He pointed                                                                 
to system transparency with surveillance technology. He noted                                                                   
that the surveillance monitors unmanned systems and scheduled                                                                   
flights. He explained that some people are not using radios or                                                                  
filing weather plans, so a surveillance system is necessary to                                                                  
detect noncompliant individuals.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
1:46:13 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MARLOW continued with slide 7, "AAM Infrastructure                                                                          
Monitoring and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)." He pointed                                                                
to the dashboard displayed on the slide, which highlights                                                                       
funding utilized, airfield maintenance and resurfacing in a                                                                     
digital map.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR. MARLOW commented on slide 8, which depicts a digital image                                                                  
of Sand Point Airport. He shared that the department received a                                                                 
report that the runway at Sand Point Airport dropped after an                                                                   
earthquake. The department scanned the airport with a drone                                                                     
equipped with Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) in 30 minutes                                                                 
to show that the airport runway had indeed dropped by 10 feet.                                                                  
The department made recommendations for the volume required to                                                                  
bring the runway back up to grade.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:47:32 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MARLOW continued with slide 9, "AAM Existing                                                                                
Infrastructure." He pointed to the department's gap analysis                                                                    
with the Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) outline. He stated that the                                                                
Distance Measuring Equipment (DME), Voice Comm Coverage and Next                                                                
Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) compile products that can be                                                                  
visualized by all assets of aviation.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
MR. MARLOW moved to slide 10, "Automated Weather Observing                                                                      
Systems (AWOS) Dashboard." He informed the committee that the                                                                   
department currently has 65 stations in a status of disrepair                                                                   
following the typhoon. The stations are awaiting FAA service.                                                                   
The dashboards allow the department to highlight the problems                                                                   
and arrive at collaborative solutions.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
1:48:26 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MARLOW continued with slide 11, "Alaska Continuously                                                                        
Operating Reference Network (ACORN) He stated that next                                                                         
generation technologies provide essential items required for                                                                    
livestream video, communications and control in rural                                                                           
environments. Currently the department utilizes satellite based                                                                 
C2.                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
MR. MARLOW moved to slide 12, "Alaska Continuously Operating                                                                    
Reference Network (ACORN). He noted that the DOTPF works with                                                                   
the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) to ensure that the                                                                    
statewide network allows for autonomous and next generation                                                                     
vehicles including unmanned systems. The technology enables                                                                     
precision guidance in mountainous areas.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
1:49:29 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. MARLOW moved to slide 13, AAM Technology Deployment." He                                                                    
mentioned the gap analysis and the communities of Bethel and                                                                    
Deadhorse. The department collaborates with planners and the                                                                    
United Stated Department of Defense (DoD) to expand the                                                                         
communities' airports and include remote towers allowing                                                                        
accessibility to unmanned aircraft. He explained that additional                                                                
information is found on the Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)                                                                     
website.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
^PRESENTATION: FLYING TO THE FUTURE: BUILDING THE DRONE INDUSTRY                                                                
IN ALASKA                                                                                                                       
PRESENTATION: FLYING TO THE FUTURE: BUILDING THE DRONE INDUSTRY                                                             
                           IN ALASKA                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
1:50:33 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  KAUFMAN  announced  the consideration  of  a  presentation                                                               
titled "Flying to the Future: Building the Drone Industry."                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MR.  ADKINS provided  the presentation,  "Flying  to the  Future:                                                               
Building the Drone  Industry in Alaska." He began  with the slide                                                               
titled "ACUSI."                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     • ACUASI is the University of Alaska's drone Center of                                                                     
        Excellence                                                                                                              
     • Our missions include:                                                                                                    
        - Assisting the FAA in the safe integration of                                                                          
          drones into the National Airspace System                                                                              
        - Supporting Alaskan drone users and industry                                                                           
        - Conducting scientific research                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR.  ADKINS  continued with  the  next  slide, "Goal     Complete                                                               
Integration of  Drones Systems with  Traditional Aircraft  in the                                                               
National  Airspace System."  He stated  that the  group hopes  to                                                               
function within the airport system.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
       Goal  Complete Integration of Drones Systems with                                                                        
     Traditional Aircraft in the National Airspace System                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
1:51:21 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WILSON asked  about the ACUASI slide. He  asked what type                                                               
of drones  the university  and others are  using. He  wondered if                                                               
the  drones were  battery-powered. He  queried technology  basics                                                               
related to unmanned aircraft.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MR.  ADKINS replied  that drones  are often  thought of  as small                                                               
quadcopters,  however,  the Cessna  Grand  Caravan  shown on  the                                                               
ACUASI  slide  is technically  an  optionally  piloted drone.  He                                                               
pointed  out  that  there  is  a pilot  on  board  during  system                                                               
evaluation.  He noted  that drones  with ACUASI  are massive  and                                                               
developed  to  deliver  cargo to  the  villages.  He  highlighted                                                               
requests from village children for chips and soda.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:52:55 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WILSON  requested clarification about the  state spending                                                               
money to deliver chips and soda.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS replied that the  deliveries include diapers, milk and                                                               
all  other necessary  supplies.  He clarified  that the  villages                                                               
receive all supplies via air traffic.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
1:53:14 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR   KAUFMAN   analyzed    the   technical   limitations.   He                                                               
acknowledged that  the appropriate airstrip, aircraft  and public                                                               
acceptance decrease the limitations.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MR.  ATKINS   responded  that   the  airstrip   requirements  are                                                               
temporary   limitations  because   technology  is   advancing  to                                                               
vertical take-off  options. The  runway will instead  be utilized                                                               
as  a vertiport.  He explained  that systems  on the  ground will                                                               
exist to guide the drone precisely into the vertiport.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
1:54:01 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WILSON asked how  Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology                                                               
is utilized for drones.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS replied  that AI is utilized in  drone development. He                                                               
stated that the AI is built  for payload centers. He mentioned AI                                                               
built  at  the  University  of Alaska  Fairbanks  (UAF)  to  spot                                                               
whales. He added  that Merlin Labs utilizes  computers to collect                                                               
route  information  during air  travel.  He  added that  a  voice                                                               
system is in the development stages.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
1:54:40 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slide 4 titled "Who are We?"                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     We are a combination of:                                                                                                   
     • Veterans and former defense contractors                                                                                  
     • Science and engineering faculty, staff, and students                                                                     
     • Pilots (all pilots are manned aircraft pilots)                                                                           
     • Airframe and Powerplant mechanic (IA)                                                                                    
        • Retired FAA Air Traffic Control Flight Service                                                                        
        Specialist                                                                                                              
     • Business developer                                                                                                       
     • Embedded contractors                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:55:15 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  ATKINS   moved  to  slide   5  labeled   "ACUASI's  Military                                                               
Experience."                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     • Approximately 124 years of combined military service                                                                     
        on the ACUASI team                                                                                                      
       • Over 24,750 combined hours flying and operating                                                                        
        military aircraft, approximately 7,100 of those                                                                         
        hours are in combat                                                                                                     
      • The ACUASI team includes crewmembers qualified on                                                                       
        over 28 different manned and unmanned military                                                                          
        aircraft                                                                                                                
     • ACUASI is a place that military skills are a direct                                                                      
        transfer to civilian employment                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR MYERS asked about the  FAA regulations. He wondered about                                                               
licensing changes proposed for drone pilots and regular pilots.                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS replied  that the program works with  the Alliance for                                                               
System Safety of UAS through  Research Excellence (ASSURE), which                                                               
is a  safety organization  with 15 core  schools. He  stated that                                                               
UAF is one of  the ASSURE core schools and works  to help the FAA                                                               
draft the  licensing regulations. He  spoke about the  process of                                                               
training  a  pilot to  operate  a  machine.  He spoke  about  the                                                               
standards   related   to   the  aircraft,   specifically   safety                                                               
standards.  He  provided the  example  of  seat belts,  a  safety                                                               
precaution that  is not indicated  for a drone.  Another standard                                                               
involves battery replacement, which  requires classification as a                                                               
maintenance action or a rebuild.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
1:56:28 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS  detailed slides  6 and 7  titled  FAA  Recognition of                                                               
ACUASI's  Expertise.  He  explained that  ACUASI encompasses  the                                                               
Center   of  Excellence,   ASSURE,  Beyond   (a  small   aircraft                                                               
initiative), a  designated test site,  Next Generation  COSTA and                                                               
Next Generation UAMD.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
1:58:23 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS  moved to  slide 8  titled  BVLOS  Aviation Rulemaking                                                               
Committee."                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
   • We fought to protect Alaska's unique airspace                                                                              
     environment for both drones and traditional aircraft                                                                       
        - There are a lot of planes flying under 500'across                                                                     
          Alaska                                                                                                                
        - Natural GPS-degraded and no cell phone coverage                                                                       
          areas so services are hard/impossible to get                                                                          
        - Gained   friends   in   AOPA,   Alaskan   Airman's                                                                    
          Association, and other pilot organizations                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
1:58:55 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS displayed slide 9 labeled "Partners."                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
   • Alyeska Pipeline Service Company                                                                                           
   • Anduril                                                                                                                    
   • Cherokee Nation                                                                                                            
   • Doyon Limited                                                                                                              
   • DRONERESPONDERS                                                                                                            
   • Echodyne                                                                                                                   
   • Fairbanks International Airport                                                                                            
   • Fairbanks North Star Borough                                                                                               
   • Furie                                                                                                                      
   • Griffon Aerospace                                                                                                          
   • Insitu                                                                                                                     
   • Iris Automation                                                                                                            
   • Merck                                                                                                                      
   • Merlin Labs                                                                                                                
   • North Slope Borough                                                                                                        
   • Parallel Flight Technologies                                                                                               
   • Phenix Solutions                                                                                                           
   • Pierce Aerospace                                                                                                           
   • Raytheon (Intelligence & Space)                                                                                            
   • Reliable Robotics                                                                                                          
   • Skyfront                                                                                                                   
   • State of Alaska Department of Transportation and                                                                           
     Public Facilities                                                                                                          
   • Tanana Chiefs Conference                                                                                                   
   • Turnagain Arm Heavy Lift                                                                                                   
   • Unmanned Systems Alaska                                                                                                    
   • Vanilla                                                                                                                    
   • Vigilant Aerospace Systems                                                                                                 
   • Xwing                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
1:59:26 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  ATKINS  advanced  to  slide   10  titled  "ACUASI  Strategic                                                               
Planning" and spoke to the following.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     • Stakeholder Charrette                                                                                                    
     • August 16-17, 2022 at UAA                                                                                                
      • 16 stakeholders plus members of ACUASI's Strategic                                                                      
        Planning Advisory Board                                                                                                 
     • Document maps out ACUASI's future efforts to support                                                                     
        the safe integration of drones into the airspace and                                                                    
        the creation of a drone economy in Alaska                                                                               
1:59:31 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WILSON asked if Cessna aircraft were gas-powered.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS replied in the affirmative.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR WILSON asked what speed drones can be expected to fly.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS  replied that the  physical limitations of  drones are                                                               
similar  to  those  of  the   Cessna  Grand  Caravan.  One  major                                                               
difference involves the airfield; a  drone can navigate with zero                                                               
visibility,  whereas a  manned  aircraft  requires visibility  to                                                               
land.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR WILSON asked about drone regulations for the pilots.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS replied that the  FAA is currently working on unmanned                                                               
aircraft regulations.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
2:01:15 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS  continued to slide  11 labeled  What Really  Makes us                                                               
Different."                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     • Real-world use cases                                                                                                     
        - Diapers and milk to the villages                                                                                      
     • Agnostic about what technology we use                                                                                    
        - We just want something that works                                                                                     
     • Beyond Visual Line Of Sight (BVLOS) is a requirement                                                                     
        for most of our use cases                                                                                               
     • We don't fly a box                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR KAUFMAN asked about the bullet We don't fly a box.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS  responded that the  group routinely  submits requests                                                               
in  the Concept  of Operations  (CONOPS)  format to  the FAA  for                                                               
advanced procedures.  He explained that  a trained person  on the                                                               
ground uses radar  to visualize the drone.  The advanced practice                                                               
requires  permission  and  disclosure   to  the  FAA  for  safety                                                               
mitigation reasons.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
2:03:01 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slide 12 labeled "Advanced Air Mobility."                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     • ACUASI is participating in several Advanced                                                                              
        Air Mobility (Large UAS Cargo and Urban Air                                                                             
        Mobility) efforts                                                                                                       
     • Flights and project safety oversight in:                                                                                 
        - Alaska  FAA Test Site and Center of Excellence                                                                        
          funding - Merlin Labs (autonomous Cessna Grand                                                                        
          Caravan), UAF's SeaHunter, +                                                                                          
        - California  FAA NextGen funding  2 projects                                                                           
          Xwing  (remotely  piloted Cessna  Grand  Caravan),                                                                    
          Reliable Robotics  (remotely piloted  Cessna Grand                                                                    
          Caravan),  Aurora   Flight  Sciences  (optionally-                                                                    
          piloted Centaur), UAF's SeaHunter                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS continued to slide 13 labeled "Cargo Delivery."                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
      • Goal  To deliver cargo including medical supplies                                                                       
        more frequently to remote communities via large                                                                         
        drone                                                                                                                   
     • Alaska's last 'hundreds of miles' problem                                                                                
     • Can fly when traditional aircraft cannot                                                                                 
     • Partnership with local air carriers                                                                                      
     • Requires a Part 135 certification                                                                                        
     • Extended careers for pilots                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
2:04:15 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR MYERS wondered  about the inherent safety of  a drone. He                                                               
asked if the lack of a live pilot is the only safety aspect.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS  replied yes  and added that  drones are  utilized for                                                               
volcano research. He  added that a drone is a  tool to trigger an                                                               
avalanche for  safety reasons. He  noted that human error  is the                                                               
greatest  problem  in most  aviation  accidents.  He opined  that                                                               
unmanned aircraft will be far safer than human-piloted aircraft.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
2:05:23 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  KAUFMAN added  that drones  remain neutral  in high-stress                                                               
circumstances.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR.  ATKINS moved  to slide  14  titled "Fairbanks  International                                                               
Airport."                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
      • ACUASI now has a hangar at Fairbanks International                                                                      
        Airport (FAI) and will be conducting flights from                                                                       
        FAI GA runways                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS  moved to slide  15 titled "Large Drones  (DRS Sentry)                                                               
at Fairbanks  International Airport."  He explained that  the Sea                                                               
Hunter is  a twin engine  airplane that weighs  approximately 280                                                               
pounds. He added  that the Sentry drone  weighs approximately 330                                                               
pounds. He  furthered that the  two drones were used  for concept                                                               
proving at the Fairbanks International Airport.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
2:06:09 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WILSON asked what the cost is for each drone.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS  replied that UAF  has 10 of the  Sentry single-engine                                                               
drones. The  drones were  formerly utilized  by the  military and                                                               
sold  for approximately  $10 thousand  plus  shipping. He  didn't                                                               
recall the original purchase price  of the two Sea Hunter drones.                                                               
He highlighted  the improvements  the certified mechanics  at UAF                                                               
made to the fuel and electrical systems.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:07:36 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  KAUFMAN asked  about the  purpose of  the aircraft  design                                                               
with the delta wing configuration.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS  responded that the  aircraft was designed for  a Navy                                                               
contract. The aircraft was built for observation purposes.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
2:08:16 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slide 16  titled "Large Drone (DRS Sentry) at                                                               
Fairbanks International  Airport.  He  expounded that on  May 22,                                                               
2022, permission  was granted  to fly  the Sentry  from Fairbanks                                                               
International Airport.  He spoke to  the affirming nature  of the                                                               
flight  as  it required  collaboration  with  DOTPF, the  airport                                                               
control tower and FAA.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
2:09:16 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  ATKINS moved  to slide  16 titled   Next Step:  Fairbanks to                                                               
Nenana.  The  slide displayed a  representation of  a Certificate                                                               
of  Authorization (COA)  permitting flight  plans from  Fairbanks                                                               
International Airport to Nenana. The  flight plan enables the use                                                               
of  drones for  delivery  purposes. He  added  that flights  from                                                               
Fairbanks International Airport to  and from Nenana are scheduled                                                               
throughout  the summer.  The control  tower  and FAA  established                                                               
requirements for the test flights.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
2:10:07 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slide 17 titled "Emerging Technology Test                                                                   
Ranges.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
         • ACUASI has started setting up three Emerging                                                                         
        Technology Test Ranges:                                                                                                 
        - Nenana Municipal Airport (ENN)                                                                                        
        - Palmer Municipal Airport (PAQ)                                                                                        
        - Valdez Airport (VDZ)                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
   • Purpose  To assist companies with testing prototype                                                                        
     systems and payloads under Alaskan conditions                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
   • Each range will include an on-site range manager,                                                                          
     hangar space, and test and evaluation equipment                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:11:01 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slide 18 titled "Nenana Municipal Airport."                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
       • University of Alaska just signed a 50-year lease                                                                       
        with Nenana Municipal Airport (ENN)                                                                                     
     • The design for a hangar with office space at ENN is                                                                      
        being approved before going out to bid                                                                                  
       • ACUASI partnership with Raytheon Intelligence &                                                                        
        Space Division is resulting in the addition of a                                                                        
        research radar for meteorology information and BVLOS                                                                    
        testing being set up at ENN                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
2:11:48 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slide 19 titled "Important News."                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
      • On February 6th ACUASI received a waiver from the                                                                       
        FAA that greatly expanded our ability to help drone                                                                     
        manufacturers get their aircraft approved for use in                                                                    
        the National Airspace System                                                                                            
      • This is the first such waiver ever granted by the                                                                       
        FAA                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
2:13:00 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR KIEHL asked about the weight of the two types of drones.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS replied that the Sentry weighs approximately 340                                                                     
pounds, and the Sea Hunter weighs 299 pounds. He explained that                                                                 
the Sentry was included on the COA.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
2:13:29 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  ATKINS   moved  to  slide   20  titled  "DAA   System:  User                                                               
Interface." He  explained that  the university  employed multiple                                                               
systems  monitoring  the  airspace  to  collect  information  and                                                               
improve the  Detect and  Avoid (DAA) systems.  He added  that the                                                               
university  plans  to utilize  the  data  for counter-drone  work                                                               
later.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
2:13:56 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved slide 21 Pipeline Monitoring."                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     • FAA granted ACUASI a Part 107 waiver for operations                                                                      
        along a 20-mile stretch of TAPS for conducting BVLOS                                                                    
        pipeline monitoring testing                                                                                             
      • We will be using this area to test DAA and larger                                                                       
        Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) aircraft for                                                                        
        surveillance                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:14:23 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WILSON asked about anti-drone  technology. He wondered if                                                               
the  Department of  Corrections  (DOC)  might utilize  anti-drone                                                               
technology if drones  were used to drop  packages to incarcerated                                                               
prisoners.  He   asked  if  the  university   studied  anti-drone                                                               
technology.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MR.  ATKINS affirmed  that the  university studies  counter-drone                                                               
technology. He  acknowledged the legal ramifications  of removing                                                               
a craft from the airspace. A  drone is protected in the airspace.                                                               
Fines  and prison  time are  consequences for  shooting a  drone.                                                               
When  a drone  is  shot, it  is  uncontrolled, which  complicates                                                               
public safety  efforts. He  stated that  counter-drone technology                                                               
is also developing quickly.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
2:15:53 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR KAUFMAN  recalled learning that drone  parachutes allow for                                                               
safe use  above crowds. He  asked how  a drone is  safely managed                                                               
when it is no longer working effectively.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MR.  ATKINS  stated  that ACUASI  collaborates  with  an  Alaskan                                                               
company designing  drone parachutes.  He asserted that  the local                                                               
company was well-suited for the state  and will open up tech jobs                                                               
for Alaskans.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:16:44 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  ATKINS moved  to slide  22 titled  "Experience Flying  Large                                                               
Drones BVLOS - Transport Canada Operations."                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     • >30,000 nautical miles of BVLOS flights                                                                                  
     • North Atlantic right whales, Gaspé, Canada                                                                               
     • Infrastructure monitoring                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
He directed attention to the picture  on the lower right and then                                                               
to  the  picture of  a  water  body on  slide  23.  He asked  the                                                               
committee  members whether  they  could find  the  whale in  that                                                               
water body. He  stated that the university's AI was  able to spot                                                               
the  whale from  2000 feet.  He stated  that the  drone imaged  a                                                               
North Atlantic  Right Whale, an  endangered species. He  moved to                                                               
slide 24 that shows the whale  and explained that a camera on the                                                               
drone and  the 42 megapixel picture  is fed into a  computer that                                                               
searches  the image  and locates  the whale.  The information  is                                                               
sent to  the ground crew and  the whale is located  in real-time.                                                               
The  process saves  whales because  ships are  alerted about  the                                                               
whale's location and they reduce speed in that area.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:17:53 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WILSON asked  if the technology was relevant  to fish and                                                               
game counts. He spoke specifically about caribou counts.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR.  ATKINS replied  that trained  biologists preform  the animal                                                               
counts.  He revealed  that unmanned  aircraft might  provide more                                                               
accurate  data, eventually.  He  remarked  that ACUASI  partnered                                                               
with the Department  of Fish and Game to slowly  initiate the use                                                               
of drones for game counts.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
2:18:59 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR KAUFMAN recalled  the US Coast Guard  utilizing pigeons but                                                               
imagined  that drones  have even  greater potential  to visualize                                                               
objects from the air.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS agreed  and added that search and  rescue attempts are                                                               
greatly enhanced by drone use. He  explained that a drone has the                                                               
ability to  scan an area  and take multiple photographs  that are                                                               
then analyzed with AI. He  mentioned the infrared (IR) capability                                                               
and shared  a story about  utilizing a  drone in a  missing child                                                               
case.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
2:20:20 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slide 25 titled Disaster Response."                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
        • ACUASI is part of an FAA project that aims to                                                                         
          develop a concept of  operations for how different                                                                    
          federal,  state,  and   local  governments,  civil                                                                    
          operators,   and    others   can    deploy   drone                                                                    
          cooperatively    after    disasters,    such    as                                                                    
          earthquakes, volcanoes, ice jams, river flooding,                                                                     
          and oil spills                                                                                                        
        • ACUASI    and    the    Alaska    Department    of                                                                    
          Transportation and Public Facilities (DOT&PF) is                                                                      
          using drones to identify areas with high                                                                              
          avalanche potential                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:20:37 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slide 26 titled "Counter-drone (FAA, DOJ,                                                                   
DOD ...)                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
       The ACUASI team has entered the realm of counter-                                                                        
     drone (C-UAS):                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
       • FAA - ASSURE  Effect of detection and mitigation                                                                       
        systems   on    first   responder    communications,                                                                    
        navigational aids, and other systems critical to the                                                                    
        safety of the NAS                                                                                                       
       • DOJ     The use of passive radiofrequency drone                                                                        
        detection systems to support local law enforcement                                                                      
        agencies                                                                                                                
      • Army  The development of a mobile prototype system                                                                      
        for detection of drones near a column of troops                                                                         
        under motion                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:21:01 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slide 27 titled "Education."                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     • UAA, UAF, and UAS are all developing drone courses                                                                       
          - UAA: Remote Pilot w/operations over people                                                                          
          - UAF: Certificate in UAS operations and                                                                              
             additional degrees in aerospace engineering                                                                        
          - UAS: Drones in environmental studies                                                                                
     • ACUASI conducts STEM outreach events                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR KAUFMAN shared the committee's interest in unmanned                                                                       
aircraft.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS remarked on ACUASI's focus on science, technology,                                                                   
engineering, and mathematics (STEM) outreach events.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:22:33 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slides 28-29 titled "What's Next?"                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     In the next six months we will:                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
        • Assist  partners  in  flying the  first  converted                                                                    
          Cessna Grand Caravans in Alaska (with safety                                                                          
          pilots on board)                                                                                                      
        • Fly our first drone  mission between Fairbanks and                                                                    
          Nenana                                                                                                                
        • Fly numerous drone  missions between Fairbanks and                                                                    
          Nenana for DAA testing                                                                                                
        • Conduct several counter-drone  flight campaigns in                                                                    
          Alaska and other locations                                                                                            
        • Develop  metrics  for  evaluating the  success  of                                                                    
          ACUASI's efforts to spur economic development in                                                                      
          the drone industry                                                                                                    
        • Continue our work with the State of Alaska DOT&PF                                                                     
        • Conduct STEM outreach across Alaska                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:23:57 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR KAUFMAN asked if ACUASI has a mailing list.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINS replied yes, ACUASI was building a mailing list. He                                                                  
offered to collect committee members' emails.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR KAUFMAN offered to distribute the information to committee                                                                
members.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:24:26 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS continued to slides 30-31 titled "Update on FY 23                                                                    
Funding."                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     We received $10 M in the State of Alaska FY 23 budget.                                                                     
     We have used/will use it to:                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
        • Hire   faculty   and    instructors   to   support                                                                    
          drone/aerospace curricula delivery across UA                                                                          
        • Engage  UAA's  Institute  of Social  and  Economic                                                                    
          Research to evaluate the economics of drones in                                                                       
          Alaska                                                                                                                
        • Identify locations for  and begin establishing the                                                                    
          three emerging technology test ranges                                                                                 
          - Nenana Municipal Airport received the bulk of                                                                       
             the infrastructure money this year                                                                                 
        • Accelerate the DAA  testing and pioneering flights                                                                    
          needed to prove the safety of BVLOS operations in                                                                     
          Alaska through the FAA's BEYOND program                                                                               
        • Purchase  a  large  Vertical Takeoff  and  Landing                                                                    
          drone for testing drone deliveries that do not                                                                        
          require runways                                                                                                       
        • Conduct the  Global Autonomous  Systems Conference                                                                    
          in Anchorage August 9-11th  Theme: Trailblazing                                                                       
          Autonomous Paths for a New World Economy                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
2:25:56 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS moved to slides 32-33 "FY 24 Funding Request."                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     The Governor put $10 M in the FY 24 budget for ACUASI.                                                                     
     If  the funding  survives the  budget process,  we will                                                                    
     use it to:                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     •  Hire faculty,  a  certified  flight instructor,  and                                                                    
        curriculum developers to create  a workforce-focused                                                                    
        drone  certification  program  for  delivery  across                                                                    
        Alaska                                                                                                                  
     •  Initiate drone-focused, dual enrollment programs for                                                                    
        high school students                                                                                                    
     •  Conduct the  2nd  Annual  Global Autonomous  Systems                                                                    
        Conference                                                                                                              
     • Implement the three emerging technology test ranges                                                                      
     •  Hire  additional  pilots   and  engineers   to  help                                                                    
        emerging technology test range users test and refine                                                                    
        their prototype systems                                                                                                 
     •  Accelerate the  DAA testing  and pioneering  flights                                                                    
        needed to prove  the safety  of BVLOS  operations in                                                                    
        Alaska                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
2:26:43 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS continued to slide 34 titled "ACUASI's Future Impact                                                                 
on Alaska's Drone Economy.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     •  ACUASI will  be  flying  large drones  from  Alaskan                                                                    
        airports to test and evaluate drone capabilities and                                                                    
        evaluate business cases                                                                                                 
     •  ACUASI and  its  partners  will  be  developing  the                                                                    
        technology and  processes  for monitoring  essential                                                                    
        infrastructure and other BVLOS missions                                                                                 
     •  ACUASI will be transferring commercial operations it                                                                    
        pioneered to Alaskan companies                                                                                          
     •  ACUASI's partners are planning to set up branches in                                                                    
        Alaska                                                                                                                  
        • The University of Alaska will create workforce                                                                        
        development opportunities across Alaska                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR WILSON expressed appreciation for the presentation.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  TOBIN asked  about  AI  and the  issue  of control.  She                                                               
wondered about  the safety of  AI-controlled drones and  asked if                                                               
public safety mechanisms were developed and employed.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
2:27:50 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. ATKINS  responded that AI and  drones can be used  for bad or                                                               
good.  He furthered  that the  AI developed  at UAF  was used  to                                                               
search  for a  whale or  understand cross  winds. He  agreed that                                                               
both AI and drone use should be developed safely.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR  KAUFMAN expressed  appreciation for  the presentation  and                                                               
future mailing list information.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
2:28:56 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  MYERS  asked about  drone  use  to transport  commercial                                                               
cargo.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MR.  ATKINS replied  that the  permissions  required present  the                                                               
greatest hurdle.  He clarified  that ACUASI  must prove  that the                                                               
system is capable  by first traveling without  cargo. The process                                                               
will  allow  ACUASI  to meet  future  regulations.  He  explained                                                               
ACUASI's  commitment to  moving toward  the goal  of transporting                                                               
cargo with caution.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
2:31:08 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  KAUFMAN  referenced  an old  interview  with  David  Bowie                                                               
related to the  internet's influence on society.  He compared the                                                               
influence of  the internet to  the potential influence  of drones                                                               
on our lives.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:33:53 PM                                                                                                                    
There being  no further  business to  come before  the committee,                                                               
Chair  Kaufman  adjourned   the  Senate  Transportation  Standing                                                               
Committee meeting at 2:33 p.m.                                                                                                  

Document Name Date/Time Subjects
3.14 Unmanned Aircraft Systems and Advanced Air Mobility DOTP&F.pdf STRA 3/14/2023 1:30:00 PM
3.14 Building the Drone Industry in Alaska UAF.pdf STRA 3/14/2023 1:30:00 PM