Legislature(2025 - 2026)BUTROVICH 205

01/31/2025 03:30 PM Senate RESOURCES

Note: the audio and video recordings are distinct records and are obtained from different sources. As such there may be key differences between the two. The audio recordings are captured by our records offices as the official record of the meeting and will have more accurate timestamps. Use the icons to switch between them.

Download Mp3. <- Right click and save file as

Audio Topic
03:30:53 PM Start
03:31:25 PM Presentation(s): Department of Natural Resources Leasing Issues Update
04:44:28 PM Adjourn
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+ Presentation: Department of Natural Resources TELECONFERENCED
Leasing Issues Update by
John Crowther - Deputy Commissioner, Department
of Natural Resources
Presentation: Department of Law Leasing Issues
Update by
Mary Gramling - Chief Assistant Attorney
General, Department of Law
**Streamed live on AKL.tv**
                    ALASKA STATE LEGISLATURE                                                                                  
              SENATE RESOURCES STANDING COMMITTEE                                                                             
                        January 31, 2025                                                                                        
                           3:30 p.m.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Senator Cathy Giessel, Chair                                                                                                    
Senator Bill Wielechowski, Vice Chair                                                                                           
Senator Matt Claman                                                                                                             
Senator Forrest Dunbar                                                                                                          
Senator Scott Kawasaki                                                                                                          
Senator Shelley Hughes                                                                                                          
Senator Robert Myers                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
All members present                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
PRESENTATION(S): LEASING ISSUES ON THE NORTH SLOPE BY DEPARTMENT                                                                
OF NATURAL RESOURCES (DNR) AND DEPARTMENT OF LAW (DOL)                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     - HEARD                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
PREVIOUS COMMITTEE ACTION                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
No previous action to record                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
WITNESS REGISTER                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
JOHN CROWTHER, Deputy Commissioner                                                                                              
Division of Oil and Gas                                                                                                         
Department of Natural Resources                                                                                                 
Anchorage, Alaska                                                                                                               
POSITION STATEMENT: Co-presented the Department of Natural                                                                    
Resources (DNR) and Department of Law (DOL) report Leasing                                                                      
Issues on the North Slope.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
MARY GRAMLING, Chief Assistant Attorney General                                                                                 
Oil and Gas Section                                                                                                             
Department of Law                                                                                                               
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION  STATEMENT:  Co-presented   the  Department  of  Natural                                                             
Resources  (DNR)  and  Department  of Law  (DOL)  report  Leasing                                                               
Issues on the North Slope.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
ACTION NARRATIVE                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
3:30:53 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  GIESSEL called  the  Senate  Resources Standing  Committee                                                               
meeting to order  at 3:30 p.m. Present at the  call to order were                                                               
Senators  Dunbar,  Kawasaki,  Myers, Hughes,  Claman,  and  Chair                                                               
Giessel. Senator Wielechowski arrived thereafter.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
 ^PRESENTATION(S): DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES LEASING ISSUES                                                               
                             UPDATE                                                                                             
PRESENTATION(S): DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES LEASING ISSUES                                                             
                             UPDATE                                                                                         
                                                                                                                              
3:31:25 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR GIESSEL  announced the presentation, Leasing  Issues on the                                                               
North  Slope  by  Department  of   Natural  Resources  (DNR)  and                                                               
Department  of   Law  (DOL).  She  explained   that  she  invited                                                               
Department  of  Natural Resources  (DNR)  and  Department of  Law                                                               
(DOL) to present  to the committee the  state's defense regarding                                                               
permission to use roads on the  North Slope to access oil and gas                                                               
resources. She  explained the  history of  the disputed  road use                                                               
permissions:                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
•    A  small company  built  a  road and  a  pad  to access  the                                                               
     Mustang lease.                                                                                                             
•    ConocoPhillips established  the Willow lease,  a significant                                                               
     oil  find  in  the  National  Petroleum  Reserve  of  Alaska                                                               
     (NPRA), located in the Kuparuk River unit.                                                                                 
•    The  Pikka unit,  initially developed  by Oil  Search Alaska                                                               
     (OSA) (now Santos), is speculated  to be as large as Prudhoe                                                               
     Bay and  requires access through  the Mustang road  and part                                                               
     of the road to ConocoPhillips' Kuparuk River unit.                                                                         
•    Controversy arose  over Santos'  use of  the ConocoPhillips-                                                               
     built road,  leading to  a decision  by the  Commissioner of                                                               
     the Department of Natural Resources  (DNR) in December 2022,                                                               
     granting Santos a miscellaneous land use permit.                                                                           
•    ConocoPhillips  appealed the  decision, leading  to a  court                                                               
     ruling in  November 2024 that  reversed the  DNR's decision,                                                               
     granting  ConocoPhillips full  rights  to the  road and  the                                                               
     ability to charge for its use.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR  GIESSEL said  the resources  committee would  not seek  to                                                               
interfere with  the court  decisions, but  that it  was important                                                               
for  the committee  to  know  the state's  stance  on this  state                                                               
property rights issue.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
3:38:07 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  MYERS noted  for the  record that,  though there  was no                                                               
technical  conflict of  interest  because there  was  not a  bill                                                               
being  discussed, his  livelihood  depended on  and was  directly                                                               
related to the  roads and the companies involved  in the lawsuits                                                               
that were the subject of the presentation.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
3:39:05 PM                                                                                                                    
JOHN  CROWTHER, Deputy  Commissioner,  Division of  Oil and  Gas,                                                               
Department  of Natural  Resources, Anchorage,  Alaska, began  the                                                               
presentation, Leasing Issues on the  North Slope by Department of                                                               
Natural  Resources (DNR)  and Department  of Law  (DOL). He  said                                                               
that there would be limitations on  what could be shared with the                                                               
committee because  the matter was  pending appeal in  the Supreme                                                               
Court.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
3:39:47 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR GIESSEL  said the two  companies [involved in the  road use                                                               
proceedings] were  negotiating over  the use  of the  road(s) and                                                               
any fees  that might  be appropriated.  She explained  that those                                                               
negotiations  were separate  from the  lawsuit which  addressed a                                                               
more fundamental  issue of  the shared use  of facilities  on the                                                               
slope.  She   emphasized  that  sharing   the  use   of  existing                                                               
facilities  on the  North Slope  would  significantly reduce  the                                                               
cost of [oil and gas] production.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
3:40:26 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR MYERS  commented that environmental impact  would also be                                                               
reduced by the shared use of facilities.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR GIESSEL concurred.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
3:40:38 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER moved to title slide 1:                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Leasing Issues                                                                                                           
     Senate Resources Committee                                                                                               
     Presented by:                                                                                                              
       John Crowther, Deputy Commissioner, Department of                                                                        
     Natural Resources                                                                                                          
        Mary Gramling, Chief Assistant Attorney General,                                                                        
     Alaska Department of Law January 31, 2025                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR. CROWTHER  said the  presentation would  focus on  the state's                                                               
defenses,  and   the  history  of  administrative   and  judicial                                                               
activities.  He  emphasizes  the  need  to  protect  the  state's                                                               
litigation  positions  and   interests  during  negotiations  and                                                               
highlighted  the  importance  of   avoiding  actions  that  could                                                               
exacerbate disputes  or create on-ground issues.  He stressed the                                                               
critical  near-term   state  interest  in  ensuring   the  winter                                                               
construction season  could proceed  without delays  and expressed                                                               
appreciation   for  the   workers   on  the   ground  and   their                                                               
professionalism and  cooperation during  the ongoing  dispute. He                                                               
emphasized  DNR's and  Department  of Law's  commitment to  being                                                               
constructive with all parties involved in the dispute.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
3:43:03 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER outlined the presentation plan.                                                                                    
•    Review  two visual  slides [maps]  to  orient the  committee                                                               
     about where the roads in dispute are located on the north                                                                  
     slope.                                                                                                                     
•    Review  the history  of administrative  decisions and  court                                                               
     actions as well as the expected process for the supreme                                                                    
     court appeal.                                                                                                              
•    Present  statements  of  state's  interest  and  efforts  to                                                               
     protect them.                                                                                                              
•    Answer questions from the committee.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
3:43:44 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER moved to slide 2  titled "Appendix D from MLUPNS 22-                                                               
001" and said the map was  included in the permit application for                                                               
access  corridors filed  by  Santos Alaska.  He  pointed out  the                                                               
Kuparuk River  Unit (KRU), owned  and operated  by ConocoPhillips                                                               
and  said it  had  significant production  volumes  and was  very                                                               
important  to  the  state.  He  also noted  the  Pikka  Unit  and                                                               
Colville  River  Unit  (CRU)  and  said  Santos  was  immediately                                                               
working on the Pikka Unit, also shown on the map.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
MR.  CROWTHER said  the colored  lines on  the map  indicated the                                                               
existing  road  network,  the  access  corridors  that  were  the                                                               
subject of the permit application [to which the map applied].                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
3:45:15 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  DUNBAR said  the map  was  difficult to  read and  asked                                                               
which of the roads on the map were in dispute.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
3:45:28 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER  said there  were  a  couple  of reasons  that  the                                                               
[existing] roads  would need to be  used. He said there  was very                                                               
limited road infrastructure  on the north slope for  a variety of                                                               
reasons:                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
•    minimize environmental impact                                                                                              
•    high cost and challenge of developing roads                                                                                
•    history of road development                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MR. CROWTHER  detailed the  routes necessary  to reach  the Pikka                                                               
Unit as well  as to transmit equipment,  supplies and commodities                                                               
and  said it  was DNR  and DOL's  understanding that  these needs                                                               
were the reason the Santos  permit included all the road networks                                                               
in the permit application.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
3:47:38 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR MYERS  referred to the  2023 budget, in which  the Alaska                                                               
Industrial Development and Export  Authority (AIDEA) received the                                                               
Mustang Road as  part of a bankruptcy settlement with  one of the                                                               
previous  developers at  the Mustang  pad. He  said the  road was                                                               
given to  the state  as part of  the developer's  yearly dividend                                                               
back to  the state. He  asked whether  the state still  owned the                                                               
Mustang road.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
3:48:11 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER  explained that  the appropriations  provisions were                                                               
outside  the  direct  authority  of  the  Department  of  Natural                                                               
Resources  (DNR)  but  said   the  legislature  included  general                                                               
language regarding  AIDEA's annual dividend payment  to the state                                                               
and the appropriations did not  alter any substantive law and did                                                               
not direct  AIDEA to make a  transfer of the road.  He said AIDEA                                                               
sold  the full  suite  of  Mustang LLC  assets  to a  third-party                                                               
operator,  which is  now in  production  and using  the road  and                                                               
facilities,  benefiting the  state. He  said there  were disputes                                                               
related to the easement that  were resolved through mutual assent                                                               
between the  parties. He  said there were  no active  disputes or                                                               
issues with the respective easements at present.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
3:49:52 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR KAWASAKI asked whether the  different colors of the roads                                                               
on the map indicated different owners or operators.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
3:50:05 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER said  the document  was prepared  by Santos  and he                                                               
could not provide  the reason for the different  colors. He noted                                                               
that the colors  divided the access corridors  into segments that                                                               
have natural  purposes or destinations.  He pointed out  the blue                                                               
and  red segments  and  said  those road  portions  went to  mine                                                               
sites.  He suggested  that  a  company might  have  a license  or                                                               
authorization to  receive materials from  those sites and  the ap                                                               
may have been indicating the use  or purpose of that segment, but                                                               
he said he was not sure.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
3:50:50 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER moved  to slide  3 titled,  North Slope  Leases and                                                               
referring to  the map on the  slide, provided an overview  of the                                                               
North Slope, including  the Federal coastal plain  (1002 area) in                                                               
the  east and  the National  Petroleum  Reserve in  the west.  He                                                               
highlighted  currently   leased  lands,  with   different  colors                                                               
indicating  different   lease  owners  at  different   stages  of                                                               
development and production.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
3:53:00 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR   KAWASAKI  expressed   appreciation  for   the  colorful                                                               
illustration  of  the leases.  He  noted  the Daniel  Donkel  and                                                               
Andrew  Bachner  areas  and  asked   whether  those  leases  were                                                               
currently being held or producing.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
3:53:38 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER drew  attention  to the  colored  leases that  were                                                               
outlined with navy blue. He said  those were leases that had been                                                               
unitized and  were under active joint  production and management.                                                               
He then pointed  out areas that were not outlined  and said those                                                               
areas  were  relatively  new,  had   not  yet  seen  [production]                                                               
activity and were called exploration units.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
He said the  areas [Daniel Donkel and Andrew  Bachner] outside of                                                               
the Pt.  Thompson Unit had  not yet  been unitized, but  that the                                                               
state  was reviewing  the unit  application  and working  through                                                               
administrative and legal disputes related to those leaseholds.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
3:55:01 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  KAWASAKI noted  the movement  to  unleash America's  and                                                               
Alaska's energy  resources. Considering these current  leases and                                                               
the duty to  develop with oversight by DNR, he  asked whether the                                                               
leaseholders were  actively moving  toward production  or holding                                                               
leases for various reasons.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
3:55:57 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER  answered that there  had been  significant activity                                                               
on  the  North  Slope.  He said  leaseholders  were  forming  new                                                               
exploration units  and that these often  involve well commitments                                                               
for  further  exploration.  He  said  there  was  a  spectrum  of                                                               
activity  on   all  the  leases,  from   initial  exploration  to                                                               
unitizing  to  continued  reinvestment for  more  development  on                                                               
long-standing leases.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
3:57:04 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER moved to slide 4 and introduced Mary Gramling:                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
[Original content provided.]                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     Timelines                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     • March 28, 2022                                                                                                           
          Department    of    Natural    Resources    issues                                                                    
          Miscellaneous Land Use Permit North Slope 22-001                                                                      
          to Santos/Oil Search Alaska (OSA) Alaska                                                                              
     • Dec. 1, 2022                                                                                                             
          Commissioner's decision denying ConocoPhillips'                                                                       
          appeal                                                                                                                
     • Dec. 30, 2022                                                                                                            
          ConocoPhillips files administrative appeal in                                                                         
          superior court (3AN-22-09828CI)                                                                                       
     • Dec. 17-18, 2024                                                                                                         
          Superior court order, stay of vacatur of permit                                                                       
          until Jan. 16, 2025                                                                                                   
     • Dec. 23, 2024                                                                                                            
          State appeals and files for stay (S19332)                                                                             
     • Jan. 14, 2025                                                                                                            
          Supreme Court denies stay without prejudice                                                                           
     • Current Status                                                                                                           
          Awaiting transcript and record from superior                                                                          
          court to set briefing schedule                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
3:57:15 PM                                                                                                                    
MARY  GRAMLING, Chief  Assistant  Attorney General,  Oil and  Gas                                                               
Section,  Department   of  Law,  Juneau,  Alaska,   reviewed  the                                                               
timeline for litigation  over leasing issues. She  noted that the                                                               
current litigation was still in  active litigation and very early                                                               
in the  case. She  said her comments  would focus  on information                                                               
and background.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
3:58:44 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. GRAMLING  expanded on the  timeline outlined on slide  4. She                                                               
explained that the  litigation is over the permit  for Oil Search                                                               
Alaska (OSA)  to access  land in the  Kuparuk River  Unit. Conoco                                                               
Phillips  opposed the  permit, which  was initially  approved and                                                               
then  appealed.  The  state  and  Oil  Search  Alaska  (OSA)  are                                                               
defending  the  permit,  with  the  state  appealing  an  adverse                                                               
Superior  Court decision.  The Alaska  Supreme  Court denied  the                                                               
stay motions  without prejudice, allowing for  reconsideration if                                                               
access is physically  blocked. The case is  awaiting the Superior                                                               
Court  record,  expected  by February  3,  after  which  briefing                                                               
orders will be issued, typically 30 days later.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
4:02:57 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR   CLAMAN  asked   whether   the   attorney  general   was                                                               
representing the case in-house or retaining outside counsel.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
4:03:05 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. GRAMLING said  representation was in-house. She  said she was                                                               
one of the lead attorneys at  the superior court level and at the                                                               
appeals  level  she  would  be   assisting  Ms.  Laura  Fox  from                                                               
Department of Law's appellate division.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
4:03:21 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  DUNBAR asked  for clarification  regarding ownership  of                                                               
the land and  what legal instrument was used to  allow Mustang or                                                               
Conoco to build and use the roads, under what conditions.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
4:04:15 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. GRAMLING  answered that  the roads were  built over  time and                                                               
there is a mismatch of  authorization. She said the specific road                                                               
segment, indicated in purple on  the map [slide 2], was initially                                                               
built outside the [Kuparuk River  Unit] and holds a non-exclusive                                                               
1982  permit, allowing  for other  uses during  construction. The                                                               
state's  stance is  that  Conoco's leases  within  the unit  only                                                               
grant exclusive rights for oil  and gas extraction, not for other                                                               
purposes, reflecting  the varying  governing documents  and plans                                                               
of operations across different areas.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
4:05:34 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  DUNBAR asserted  that it  is  not in  question that  the                                                               
state  owns  the  land.  He   expressed  hope  that  the  current                                                               
litigation will  be resolved  in a manner  that allows  the Pikka                                                               
project to  move forward in  a timely  manner. He asked  if there                                                               
are efforts underway to craft  language that will allow companies                                                               
to build  roads on state lands  and specify that, in  the future,                                                               
the  company may  be required  to share  the road.  He sought  to                                                               
discover a means to avoid future misunderstandings.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
4:06:42 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER  affirmed the  importance of  the question  and said                                                               
the state maintains  its stance that the  current reservations in                                                               
leases are sufficient for past  actions. He acknowledged the need                                                               
for  clarity   in  future  unit  agreements   and  authorizations                                                               
regarding the  scope of reservations, particularly  as they apply                                                               
to  specific issues  like  road  access. He  said  the state  was                                                               
looking to  provide more precise definitions  in future documents                                                               
to avoid  ambiguity, while the  current discussions are  based on                                                               
the existing language and documents.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
4:07:33 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  KAWASAKI  asked  if  there  was  a  chance  that,  under                                                               
agreements currently in  place, some of the  existing roads would                                                               
be accessible and others not.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
4:07:57 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER said  the state believes the  reservations in leases                                                               
apply  to  all   roads,  regardless  of  the   lease  period.  He                                                               
acknowledged  that additional  authorizations might  provide more                                                               
clarity for  certain roads  regarding the  department's authority                                                               
to allow  multiple uses.  However, he  cautioned that  the matter                                                               
was under appeal and chose not to comment further.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
4:08:46 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR MYERS  noted that Oliktok  Point was on the  [purple road                                                               
depicted on  slide 2]  and asked  whether it  was known  what the                                                               
agreement between  Conoco and [Italian  oil company] Eni  was for                                                               
the use of the road.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
4:09:04 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER said  he did  not believe  the terms  of commercial                                                               
agreements between those  parties was public, but  that a private                                                               
agreement  allowing that  operator to  have access  to that  road                                                               
network did exist.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
4:09:55 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR DUNBAR  said it was his  understanding the ConocoPhillips                                                               
position was not to deny  access, but to receive compensation for                                                               
access. He  asked whether it was  known how far apart  Santos and                                                               
ConocoPhillips were  in determining fair compensation  for use of                                                               
the  disputed  roads. He  asked  whether  DNR knew  the  specific                                                               
dollar amounts of the negotiations.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
4:10:39 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER said  the record  does involve  discussion of  past                                                               
negotiations  between  the companies  but  chose  not to  comment                                                               
specifically.  He noted  that the  negotiations were  private and                                                               
there  were likely  elements that  the state  was unaware  of. He                                                               
said the  record showed there  had been ability to  manage access                                                               
and agreement  that the operational costs  associated with access                                                               
need to be  shared. He said there was dispute  over what might be                                                               
called a  capital access  fee, the  value associated  with having                                                               
access to the roads.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
4:11:38 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  DUNBAR  acknowledged  that  DNR could  not  share  exact                                                               
dollar  amounts  or  the  current position  of  the  entities  in                                                               
litigation, however, he asked whether  the amount was more likely                                                               
to be hundreds  of thousands of dollars, millions  of dollars, or                                                               
tens of millions.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
4:11:55 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER said  there  were specific  numbers  in the  public                                                               
record,  and  he  was  cautious   about  quoting  them  to  avoid                                                               
misstatements.  He   expressed  the  state's  opposition   to  an                                                               
unrestrained  right to  exclude,  which he  asserted would  grant                                                               
unlimited  authority to  set access  terms, including  commercial                                                               
ones,   contradicting   the   state's  reservations   and   lease                                                               
agreements. He suggested  that these terms were  not aligned with                                                               
the state's interests.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
4:12:38 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR HUGHES  asked whether ConocoPhillips was  maintaining the                                                               
road and bearing the costs to maintain it.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
4:12:49 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER affirmed  that ConocoPhillips  was maintaining  the                                                               
road and he acknowledged the significant cost.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
4:12:58 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR HUGHES asked  whether there had been  similar disputes on                                                               
the North Slope or if the current dispute was precedent-setting.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
4:13:10 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER  said  the   North  Slope  experienced  stepped-out                                                               
development, beginning  with Prudhoe Bay followed  by the Kuparuk                                                               
River Unit and  then the other fields accessible  by a year-round                                                               
permanent  road. He  said the  state was  not aware  of insoluble                                                               
disputes between  parties to access  the road network to  date on                                                               
those fields.  For the  other fields,  the agreements  for access                                                               
were relatively perfunctory and  some involved broader commercial                                                               
agreements   for  other   facilities,  services   and  commercial                                                               
cooperation. He  said DNR was  not aware of a  commercial dispute                                                               
about road access that included  significant commercial terms for                                                               
access  fees, or  that  had  not been  able  to  reach a  private                                                               
agreement.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
4:13:37 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WIELECHOWSKI joined the meeting.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:14:21 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR HUGHES  suggested that there  had been  past arrangements                                                               
that included  fees for the use  of roads that were  built by one                                                               
company  on state  land and  paid by  another. She  asked whether                                                               
that was true.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
4:14:38 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER  said he was not  aware of an agreement  solely [for                                                               
the use of the road]. He said he  was aware of fees paid from one                                                               
company to  another for  a suite of  services that  included road                                                               
access, but not exclusively for  road access. He said the Prudhoe                                                               
Bay  roads  have  involved liability  and  registration  and  use                                                               
scheduling  terms but  have not  included significant  commercial                                                               
terms.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
4:15:12 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  CLAMAN  appreciated the  challenge  of  testifying to  a                                                               
committee on  a matter in  litigation and noted that  it probably                                                               
wouldn't require  litigation if there weren't  significant dollar                                                               
amounts involved. He suggested that  the Supreme Court's decision                                                               
on the  matter could  influence future  investments on  the North                                                               
Slope, indicating  the broader impact  on corporate  expenses and                                                               
strategic decisions on the North Slope.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
4:16:23 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER  affirmed  the   characterization  of  the  current                                                               
litigation. He took the opportunity  to discuss DNR's perspective                                                               
on  assessing and  protecting  the  state's interests,  including                                                               
protecting  state rights,  maximizing  development, and  ensuring                                                               
investment. He  highlighted the  importance of  slope-wide access                                                               
and  the   impact  of   access  terms   on  resource   value  and                                                               
development. He  discussed the environmental  footprint, focusing                                                               
on reducing  duplicative road  networks and  surface development.                                                               
He said  the attractiveness of  exploration activity  was crucial                                                               
for  high  lease  bonus  bids, which  impact  state  revenue.  He                                                               
emphasized that commercial feasibility  and the predictability of                                                               
access terms  are important for  investor confidence  and project                                                               
economics.  He noted  the importance  of  fair, transparent,  and                                                               
consistent terms  in commercial  agreements and the  state's role                                                               
to  ensure long-time  operators and  new leaseholders  can access                                                               
resources with  confidence. He  reiterated DNR's  preference that                                                               
disputes be resolved through private commercial agreements.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:21:01 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR CLAMAN  noted that the  state's interest would  likely be                                                               
to  have the  least  number of  roads with  the  least amount  of                                                               
environmental activity and the most  possible access to resources                                                               
possible. He observed  that the perspective of  a company holding                                                               
a  lease who  incurs the  expense of  building a  road to  access                                                               
resources would  be disadvantaged if subsequent  leaseholders are                                                               
able  to use  the  road the  first company  built.  He noted  the                                                               
difficulty of the  state's position to ensure  fairness among the                                                               
leaseholders and  the burden of creating  access while minimizing                                                               
the number of roads.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
4:22:28 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER concurred  that DNR  had a  complex, important  and                                                               
sensitive role to  consider all these factors. He  noted that the                                                               
companies involved were making  investments based on expectations                                                               
about the  returns for their  activity. He said it  was important                                                               
that  the state  maintain  a reputation  for having  predictable,                                                               
enforceable and foreseeable  terms. He said the  state viewed its                                                               
administrative  decisions to  date as  fully consistent  with the                                                               
reality that  ConocoPhillips maintains the primary  and exclusive                                                               
purpose of recovering oil and gas  on the Kuparuk River Unit with                                                               
their road  network. He said other  uses of the roads  could lead                                                               
to  unreasonable  interference [of  ConocoPhillips'  production],                                                               
and  it  would  be  appropriate,  whether  through  a  permit  or                                                               
commercial agreement,  to avoid  that interference. He  also said                                                               
the state  needed to  do everything possible  to have  a balanced                                                               
environment that  promotes activity and return  on investment for                                                               
all  operators,  whether  they're  a new  entrant  or  a  current                                                               
operator.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
4:23:55 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR GIESSEL  expressed her concern  about the  possibility that                                                               
these  disputes  could  set precedent  and  erode  Department  of                                                               
Natural Resources (DNR)'s authority  and oversight of the state's                                                               
resources. She referred  to a superior court  finding in November                                                               
2024 that said,  "DNR has no legal basis or  authority to grant a                                                               
third   party  the   right  to   use  ConocoPhillips'   leasehold                                                               
improvements  by permit  or  other means,  even  though they  are                                                               
built on state  land. Granting Oil Search Alaska  (OSA) the right                                                               
to use ConocoPhillips leasehold  improvements also constitutes an                                                               
impermissible taking under the US  and Alaska constitutions." She                                                               
characterized  the court  finding  as dramatic  in  terms of  the                                                               
authority  of DNR  and  what  the leases  actually  grant to  the                                                               
companies. She said the finding was the reason for this hearing.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
4:25:08 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  KAWASAKI  shared his  concern  that  even lower  amounts                                                               
[fees  companies would  be  required  to pay  for  road or  other                                                               
facilities]  could  be impactful  for  providing  fair access  to                                                               
commercial interests. He  asked how to ensure  fairness for newer                                                               
entrants to the market. He  further asked whether, in the future,                                                               
the state  would still  consider fair  access to  facilities [for                                                               
producers] to be the main goal.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
4:27:13 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER   emphasized  DNRs  constitutional   obligation  to                                                               
maximize  their authorities  for the  development of  the state's                                                               
resources. He  said that applied  to all producers and  noted the                                                               
significance  of  new entrants  such  as  the Santos  and  Repsol                                                               
partnership in bringing new volumes  online. He said the economic                                                               
activity and throughput generated  by these projects are directly                                                               
beneficial to the state.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:28:29 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER acknowledged  the  concern  about broader  facility                                                               
access  and noted  that the  dispute  at hand  was about  surface                                                               
roads,  and  the  analysis and  arguments  presented  today  were                                                               
centered on this  specific issue. He addressed  the unique nature                                                               
of  surface roads  compared with  other facilities.  He expressed                                                               
confidence that  the statutes governing  access to  pipelines, AS                                                               
38.35, and  the Regulatory Commission  of Alaska  (RCA) oversight                                                               
were comprehensive and a source of comfort.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:30:02 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR MYERS  noted that ConocoPhillips testified  in court that                                                               
their costs  to maintain the  road were $10-20 million  per year.                                                               
He said they  also mentioned property taxes on the  road, but did                                                               
not provide a  dollar amount. He asked whether  DNR could provide                                                               
that figure.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
4:30:36 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER  said he  was not qualified  to comment  on property                                                               
tax status of the facilities.  He said DNR viewed the authorities                                                               
in  dispute and  under  litigation as  stemming  from the  leases                                                               
issued from DNR  and not related to property  taxes. He suggested                                                               
that Department of Revenue (DOR) could answer that question.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
4:31:39 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WIELECHOWSKI  asked whether the state  intended to pursue                                                               
a Supreme Court decision if  the commercial parties independently                                                               
resolved their dispute.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
4:32:00 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER said  the  permit specifies  that  if a  commercial                                                               
agreement is met  between the parties, the  permit terminates. He                                                               
noted that  the attorney general  is not controlled  or contained                                                               
from pursuing litigation he deems appropriate.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
4:32:36 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WIELECHOWSKI  encouraged pursuit  of the case  to provide                                                               
certainty going forward.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:32:58 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WIELECHOWSKI  asked whether  future lease terms  had been                                                               
modified to prevent  similar disputes in the future  and he asked                                                               
whether  the  legislature  should  seek to  pass  legislation  to                                                               
prevent that end.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
4:33:17 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER  said Department  of  Natural  Resources (DNR)  was                                                               
seeking to  clarify language in  leases or in unit  agreements to                                                               
limit  ambiguity in  the  future. He  noted  that DNR  maintained                                                               
there was  not ambiguity in  the relations and the  permit issued                                                               
and in place  was sufficient. He said DNR believed  they did have                                                               
the authority  to address  this issue  in the  future and  is not                                                               
necessary for  a new  or discreet authority  of the  department o                                                               
exercise the reservations or clarify them.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
4:34:14 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  WIELECHOWSKI  noted  that  there was  a  court  decision                                                               
saying otherwise  and that  it would be  prudent to  be proactive                                                               
and pass some  legislation. He asked whether DNR  would work with                                                               
legislators to  craft some language  and possibly make  it retro-                                                               
active.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
4:34:29 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER noted the leases  at issue were long-standing leases                                                               
and the  unit agreements had been  in place a long  time. He said                                                               
the  scope  and  process  of  retroactive  action  might  include                                                               
significant legal  constraints. He said, moving  forward, even if                                                               
the  judge's   opinion  stands,  DNR  believed   they  had  broad                                                               
authority  to issues  leases with  clear  language that  includes                                                               
this  reservation.  He  said the  interpretation  questions  that                                                               
appeared to be the foundation  of the judge's decision originated                                                               
from lease  language that  DNR has the  authority to  expand with                                                               
existing statutory authority.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
4:35:30 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  MYERS  asked  whether   the  decision  as  written  gave                                                               
ConocoPhillips  the  authority  to  deny use  of  the  roads  for                                                               
traffic headed to Pikka.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:35:56 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER said the decision  says the state does not currently                                                               
have the  ability to  authorize access to  those roads  and thus,                                                               
its  is  theoretically  possible  the  roads  could  be  entirely                                                               
blocked.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:36:21 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. GRAMLING added  that the superior court  decision vacated the                                                               
permit that  allowed that access  and vacated  the commissioner's                                                               
decision denying the  appeal, and so, in that  context, any other                                                               
agreements the parties may have are independent of that.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:36:48 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR MYERS confirmed  that ConocoPhillips can deny  use of the                                                               
roads to access Pikka. He  asked whether Santos could get permits                                                               
to build another road.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
4:37:27 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  CROWTHER said  DNR  could authorize  surface  use and  could                                                               
issue  permits for  other  roads. He  said  the most  significant                                                               
thing would be  the operational expense and  time associated with                                                               
[building a new road]. He reiterated  that it was a critical core                                                               
state interest  that this construction  season is not  delayed in                                                               
any way. He  said there were commitments by  all involved parties                                                               
that there would be no action leading to delays.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
4:38:13 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR CLAMAN asked, if ConocoPhillips  and Santos were to reach                                                               
agreement and  render the pending  lawsuit moot, would  the state                                                               
asking the  court to  proceed be considered  an exception  to the                                                               
mootness doctrine.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
4:39:06 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  GRAMLING said  it was  premature to  comment. She  noted the                                                               
outstanding  attorneys'  fees  issue  and  the  various  mootness                                                               
factors. She  said that it would  be for the attorney  general to                                                               
decide.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
4:39:28 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  CLAMAN  noted that  when  pipelines  are at  issue,  the                                                               
original builder  would be  compensated for  other users  to have                                                               
access  as  regulated  by the  Regulatory  Commission  of  Alaska                                                               
(RCA). He  asked whether a  similar mechanism could  be developed                                                               
for the use of roads on the North Slope.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:40:47 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. CROWTHER said DNR does  not have direct authority for surface                                                               
use  as it  does  for pipeline.  He said  DNR  views its  leasing                                                               
authorities  as   being  for  the  exclusive   and  comprehensive                                                               
recovery of oil and gas.  The capital recovery for surface rights                                                               
that are ancillary  to that is done through  the full development                                                               
and production  of oil  and gas and  the [financial]  return from                                                               
that.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
4:42:15 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WIELECHOWSKI asked whether  ConocoPhillips was asking the                                                               
state to pay their attorneys' fees.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
4:42:24 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  GRAMLING said  that, at  the superior  court, ConocoPhillips                                                               
did  move for  the  attorney's fees  under  the appellate  rules,                                                               
which is  twenty percent. She  said they  asked the state  to pay                                                               
approximately $169,000. The  state, due to its  appeal before the                                                               
Alaska supreme court, has requested  that the attorney's briefing                                                               
be stayed.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
4:43:00 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR WIELECHOWSKI  asked how much  the state might be  at risk                                                               
to  pay for  attorneys'  fees if  the case  goes  to the  supreme                                                               
court.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
4:43:16 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. GRAMLING  said the  Alaska supreme  court typically  does not                                                               
have attorneys' fees  for this sort of case. She  said the Alaska                                                               
supreme  court   sometimes  allowed   limited  costs   under  the                                                               
appellate rules,  but the  main [attorneys']  fees would  be from                                                               
the superior court litigation if [ConocoPhillips] prevails.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:44:28 PM                                                                                                                    
There being  no further  business to  come before  the committee,                                                               
Chair Giessel  adjourned the Senate Resources  Standing Committee                                                               
meeting at 4:44 p.m.                                                                                                            

Document Name Date/Time Subjects
01.31.2025 SRES DNR-Law Leasing Issues Update.pdf SRES 1/31/2025 3:30:00 PM