Legislature(2023 - 2024)SENATE FINANCE 532

01/18/2024 09:00 AM Senate FINANCE

Note: the audio and video recordings are distinct records and are obtained from different sources. As such there may be key differences between the two. The audio recordings are captured by our records offices as the official record of the meeting and will have more accurate timestamps. Use the icons to switch between them.

Download Mp3. <- Right click and save file as

Audio Topic
09:02:55 AM Start
09:04:02 AM Presentation: Revenue Forecast
10:13:00 AM Adjourn
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+ Overview: Revenue Forecast by TELECONFERENCED
Alaska Department of Revenue
+ Bills Previously Heard/Scheduled TELECONFERENCED
                  SENATE FINANCE COMMITTEE                                                                                      
                      January 18, 2024                                                                                          
                          9:02 a.m.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
9:02:55 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CALL TO ORDER                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Stedman   called  the  Senate   Finance  Committee                                                                    
meeting to order at 9:02 a.m.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Senator Lyman Hoffman, Co-Chair                                                                                                 
Senator Donny Olson, Co-Chair                                                                                                   
Senator Bert Stedman, Co-Chair                                                                                                  
Senator Click Bishop                                                                                                            
Senator Jesse Kiehl                                                                                                             
Senator Kelly Merrick                                                                                                           
Senator David Wilson                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
None                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
ALSO PRESENT                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Adam   Crum,  Commissioner,   Department  of   Revenue;  Dan                                                                    
Stickel, Chief Economist, Department of Revenue.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
SUMMARY                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
PRESENTATION: REVENUE FORECAST                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman  commented that the committee  would have a                                                                    
discussion  and  consider  a  presentation  on  the  revenue                                                                    
forecast by the Department of  Revenue. He remarked that the                                                                    
presentation would consider  economics and expenditures that                                                                    
had changed.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
^PRESENTATION: REVENUE FORECAST                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
9:04:02 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
ADAM  CRUM,  COMMISSIONER,  DEPARTMENT OF  REVENUE,  relayed                                                                    
that  he  would  share  the fall  forecast  presentation  of                                                                    
revenues  coming  into the  state.  He  noted that  Mr.  Dan                                                                    
Stickel,  the Chief  Economist for  the department  would be                                                                    
presenting the  forecast. He introduced Acting  Tax Director                                                                    
Brandon Spanos,  who had extensive  experience with  the tax                                                                    
division as well as the Internal Revenue Service.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman asked Mr. Stickel  to include discussion on                                                                    
the per-barrel credit and the Willow Project.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
9:05:15 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
DAN  STICKEL,   CHIEF  ECONOMIST,  DEPARTMENT   OF  REVENUE,                                                                    
explained  that  the  department   had  a  white  paper  and                                                                    
presentation pertaining  to the Willow Project,  created the                                                                    
previous  year and  based  on the  spring  forecast and  was                                                                    
available on  the department's website.  He relayed  that he                                                                    
department was  in the  process of  updating the  paper with                                                                    
the fall forecast information, and  would be happy to return                                                                    
for a more in-depth discussion at a later date.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel discussed  a presentation  entitled "Fall  2023                                                                    
Forecast Presentation  - Senate Finance Committee"  (copy on                                                                    
file). He reviewed slide 2, "Agenda":                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     1. Forecast Background and Key Assumptions                                                                                 
     2. Fall 2023 Revenue Forecast                                                                                              
          • Total State Revenue                                                                                                 
          • Unrestricted Revenue                                                                                                
     3. Petroleum Forecast Assumptions Detail                                                                                   
          • Oil Price                                                                                                           
          • Oil Production                                                                                                      
          • Oil and Gas Lease Expenditures                                                                                      
          • Oil and Gas Transportation Costs                                                                                    
          • Oil and Gas Credits                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel showed  slide 3,  "Forecast Background  and Key                                                                    
Assumptions."                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel  referenced slide  4, "Background:  Fall Revenue                                                                    
Forecast":                                                                                                                      
     1. Historical, current, and estimated future state                                                                         
     revenue                                                                                                                    
    2. Updates key data from Fall Revenue Sources Book                                                                          
     3. Official revenue forecast used for final budget                                                                         
     process                                                                                                                    
     4. Located at tax.alaska.gov                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel  noted  that  the  fall  revenue  forecast  was                                                                    
published  in  mid-December  in  the  Revenue  Sources  Book                                                                    
(RSB), which was the forecast  that formed the basis for the                                                                    
governors  budget proposal. The  department also completed a                                                                    
spring update  to the  forecast that  typically came  out in                                                                    
March or early  April, which would contain a  updated set of                                                                    
revenue  forecast   assumptions  to  aid  in   final  budget                                                                    
decisions.  He  noted that  the  RSB  did fill  a  statutory                                                                    
requirement that the governor  provide a revenue forecast as                                                                    
well as  a forecast  to underline  the ten-year  plan, which                                                                    
came out  of the Office  of Management and Budget  (OMB). He                                                                    
noted that all  the revenue forecast going  back for decades                                                                    
could be found on the website tax.alaska.gov.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel turned to slide 5, "Fall Forecast Assumptions":                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     • The economic impacts of financial and geopolitical                                                                       
     events are uncertain; DOR has developed a plausible                                                                        
     scenario to forecast these impacts.                                                                                        
     • Key Assumptions:                                                                                                         
          o   Investments:  Stable   growth  in   investment                                                                    
          markets,  7.45  percent  for   FY  2024  and  7.20                                                                    
          percent for FY 2025+.                                                                                                 
          o  Federal:  The  forecast  incorporates  stimulus                                                                    
          funding as  of December 1, 2023,  includes updated                                                                    
          estimates of potential IIJA funding.                                                                                  
          o  Petroleum:  Alaska  North Slope  oil  price  of                                                                    
          $82.39  per  barrel for  FY  2024  and $76.00  per                                                                    
          barrel for FY 2025.                                                                                                   
          o  Non-Petroleum: Continued  economic growth.  100                                                                  
          percent  of capacity  assumption  for 2024  cruise                                                                    
          season, three-year recovery for  fishing industry,                                                                  
         minerals prices based on futures markets.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel reminded  the committee  that the  forecast was                                                                    
one discreet scenario within a  range of potential outcomes,                                                                    
and  always  subject  to potential  uncertainty.  The  slide                                                                    
outlined the key assumptions that  were included in the fall                                                                    
revenue  forecast. He  explained that  the 2024  forecast of                                                                    
investments  used actual  data through  the end  of October,                                                                    
plus the 7.45 percent for the remainder of the fiscal year.                                                                     
He noted  that returns through  the end of October  had been                                                                    
very  poor  but  returns  in  the  months  of  November  and                                                                    
December had  been very strong.  If the  investment forecast                                                                    
was done currently  there would be a  more robust investment                                                                    
revenue for 2024 in particular.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel  noted  that  the  forecast  had  followed  the                                                                    
futures market projections for the  oil price forecast, with                                                                    
prices decreasing  over the next few  years then stabilizing                                                                    
around $70/bbl by  the end of the forecast  period. He noted                                                                    
that  the cruise  ships and  tourism forecast  was based  on                                                                    
1.64  million  annual  visitors,  similar  to  the  previous                                                                    
years   record levels.  He commented  that 2023  was a  poor                                                                    
year for the  fisheries values and prices, and  there was an                                                                    
assumption  of   a  three-year   recovery  period   for  the                                                                    
industry.  For  the  mining industry,  the  forecasts  price                                                                    
outlook was based on futures market projections.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
9:10:22 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel  considered slide 6, "Relative  Contributions to                                                                    
Total  State  Revenue:  FY 2023,"  which  showed  a  graphic                                                                    
depiction  of the  relative value  of various  state revenue                                                                    
sources for FY 23. He  pointed out the three primary sources                                                                    
of state  revenue as federal, investment,  and petroleum. //                                                                    
He  noted that  Alaska did  not  have a  statewide sales  or                                                                    
income tax at  the personal level. He noted  that while they                                                                    
were relatively small, the  industries outside three primary                                                                    
revenue drivers were  important to the economy  of the state                                                                    
and added up to 7.4 percent of total state revenue for 2023                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel  displayed slide  7, "Relative  Contributions to                                                                    
Total  State  Revenue:  FY 2024,"  which  showed  a  similar                                                                    
depiction as the previous slide  but for revenues for FY 24.                                                                    
He  cited   the  top  three  revenue   sources,  which  were                                                                    
collectively estimated  to provide a little  over 89 percent                                                                    
of total  state revenue.  He commented that  federal revenue                                                                    
was always significant,  but was expected to  be nearly half                                                                    
of all state revenue in FY  24 with the inclusion of various                                                                    
spending  packages.  All other  revenue  sources  were at  a                                                                    
little over 10 percent.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel showed slide 8, "Fall 2023 Revenue Forecast."                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel  looked  at   slide  9,  "Unrestricted  Revenue                                                                    
Forecast: FY  2023 and Changes  to Two-Year  Outlook," which                                                                    
showed a  table that summarized  some of the key  changes to                                                                    
the  unrestricted revenue  forecast. He  noted that  the oil                                                                    
price  forecast  for  Alaska   North  Slope  (ANS)  oil  had                                                                    
increased by  $9.39/bbl for FY 24  and by $6/bbl for  FY 25.                                                                    
The increases  reflected updates  to the futures  market and                                                                    
the most recent  market activity. He noted  a small decrease                                                                    
to the Permanent Fund Transfer  for the FY 25 forecast based                                                                    
on the final  performance for FY 23. The transfer  for FY 25                                                                    
as a  known number  for budget purposes.  He pointed  out an                                                                    
increase  of $228  million for  the FY  24 forecast,  and an                                                                    
increase of $87  million for the FY 25  forecast. The higher                                                                    
oil  price  was  the  primary   reason  for  the  increases,                                                                    
slightly offset  by lower oil production  and higher company                                                                    
spending.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel addressed slide 10,  "Total Revenue Forecast: FY                                                                    
2023 to  FY 2025  Totals," which showed  a table  with total                                                                    
state  revenue  with  all  sources for  FY  23  and  revenue                                                                    
forecast for FY 24 and FY  25. He noted that in the forecast                                                                    
in  the   budget,  revenues  were  broken   down  into  four                                                                    
categories of  restriction. Unrestricted General  Fund (UGF)                                                                    
revenues could  be appropriated by  the legislature  for any                                                                    
purpose  and were  often  the focus  of  budget and  revenue                                                                    
discussions.  He  explained  that Designated  General  Funds                                                                    
(DGF)    were    revenues    technically    available    for                                                                    
appropriation,  but  were  customarily  appropriated  for  a                                                                    
specific  purpose.  He  used  the  example  of  Alcohol  Tax                                                                    
revenue, which  were customarily  appropriated for  drug and                                                                    
alcohol  treatment  and  prevention programs.  He  mentioned                                                                    
other restricted revenues, which  were dedicated in some way                                                                    
and not  available for  appropriation. All  federal revenues                                                                    
were  considered  restricted   revenues  used  for  specific                                                                    
purposes.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel pointed out that  for FY 23, total state revenue                                                                    
from all  sources was  $15.5 billion.  There was  a forecast                                                                    
$12 billion for FY 24, and  $15.6 billion for FY 25. The UGF                                                                    
portion was $7  billion for FY 23, and there  was a forecast                                                                    
of $6.5 billion for FY 24 and $6.3 billion for FY 25.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel addressed  the investment  revenues for  FY 24,                                                                    
which  showed some  fairly large  declines, particularly  in                                                                    
the DGF and  other restricted categories. He  noted that the                                                                    
forecasts used  actual returns through  the end  of October,                                                                    
which showed  some negative returns.  If the  forecasts were                                                                    
updated based  on the most  recent information,  there would                                                                    
be a much more robust picture for FY 24.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
9:16:21 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Hoffman  noted  that the  legislature  had  passed                                                                    
legislation limiting the draw  of Unrestricted General Funds                                                                    
from the earnings of the  Permanent Fund to five percent. He                                                                    
asked how $3.5 billion related to the legislation.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel noted that a  later slide would address Co-Chair                                                                    
Hoffman's question.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel advanced  to  slide  11, "Unrestricted  Revenue                                                                    
Forecast: FY 2023 to FY  2025 Totals," which showed a table.                                                                    
He noted that investment revenue  was one of the two largest                                                                    
sources  of unrestricted  revenue,  estimated to  contribute                                                                    
$3.6 billion  in FY 24 and  $37 in FY 25.  Petroleum revenue                                                                    
generated $3.1 billion of unrestricted  revenue in FY 23 and                                                                    
there  was a  forecast of  $2.4 billion  in FY  24 and  $2.1                                                                    
billion in FY 25.  The various non-petroleum revenue sources                                                                    
were   expected  to   contribute  about   $455  million   in                                                                    
unrestricted revenue in FY 24 and  $485 million in FY 25. He                                                                    
noted that the following few  slides would address the three                                                                    
categories in more detail.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel looked  at slide  12, "Unrestricted  Investment                                                                    
Revenue: FY 2023  to FY 2025 Totals," which  showed a table.                                                                    
He pointed  out that the  Permanent Fund transfer  alone was                                                                    
expected to  account for  between 49 and  62 percent  of the                                                                    
states  unrestricted revenue over  the ten-year forecast. It                                                                    
contributed  $3.4 billion  in  FY 23  and  was estimated  to                                                                    
contribute $3.5 billion in FY 24  and $3.7 billion in FY 25.                                                                    
There was a small amount  of other unrestricted general fund                                                                    
revenue, which  was primarily earnings  on the  General Fund                                                                    
cash balances, which contributed about  $98 million in FY 23                                                                    
and was forecast to contribute  slightly lower amounts in FY                                                                    
24 and FY 25. The UGF  revenue  on the table represented the                                                                    
trailing  market value  5 percent  of  the Permanent  Funds                                                                     
value,  which  was a   pretty  stable   revenue source.  Any                                                                    
earnings above  or below  the fund  was shown  as restricted                                                                    
revenue, and  could be  more volatile from  one year  to the                                                                    
next.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Hoffman  thought Mr. Stickel had  made an important                                                                    
point, and  thought it would  be good to have  the five-year                                                                    
calculation as a slide for the public to understand.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
9:20:05 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel  showed   slide  13,  "Unrestricted  Investment                                                                    
Revenue: Percent of Market Value (POMV) Transfer Forecast":                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     • Permanent Fund total return for FY 2023 of 5.18                                                                          
     percent.                                                                                                                   
     • The statutory POMV rate changed to 5 percent                                                                             
     beginning FY 2022.                                                                                                         
          • For FY 2019  FY 2021 this rate was 5.25                                                                             
          percent.                                                                                                              
     • Forecast assumes Permanent Fund's long-term total                                                                      
     return expectation of 7.20 percent for FY 2025+; 7.45                                                                      
     percent for FY 2024.                                                                                                       
     • Differing Permanent Fund returns and petroleum                                                                           
     deposits could significantly alter actual POMV                                                                             
     amounts.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel noted that there  was a forecast for the percent                                                                    
of  market  value  (POMV) transfer  for  the  following  ten                                                                    
years.  The official  forecast expected  the transfer  to be                                                                    
fairly stable  at around  $3.5 billion  per year.  The slide                                                                    
was based  on real  2024 dollars, and  in nominal  terms the                                                                    
draw would increase  to about 4.4 billion by the  end of the                                                                    
forecast  period.  He  reiterated that  the  forecasts  used                                                                    
actual  revenue  at  the  end of  October  in  the  official                                                                    
forecast  calculation, and  if it  were to  be updated  with                                                                    
more  current information  the transfer  would  be a  little                                                                    
higher.  The  graph on the slide showed a  high case and low                                                                    
case that represented a tenth  percentile probability of how                                                                    
high  or low  the transfer  could be  if investment  markets                                                                    
were to over or under perform from the official forecast.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Senator Kiehl referenced  the low case on  the POMV transfer                                                                    
graph  on  the slide.  He  recalled  the previous  year  the                                                                    
Alaska Permanent  Fund Corporation  (APFC) was  in committee                                                                    
and shared concerns about some  scenarios where the Earnings                                                                    
Reserve Account  (ERA) ran short.  He thought that  APFC had                                                                    
referenced  the  scenario  with  a  likelihood  of  over  10                                                                    
percent. He  asked Mr. Stickel  to address  the departments                                                                     
risk assessment.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel explained that the  slide was developed with the                                                                    
assumption that  the ERA would be  able to pay out  the POMV                                                                    
every  year.   The  department   was  not   considering  any                                                                    
potential ERA failure on the slide.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner Crum  followed up  to say  that part  of APFCs                                                                     
initial concern   regarding the  ERA balance had to  do with                                                                    
POMV  draw   distribution  in   future  years,   along  with                                                                    
inflation-proofing. He  recalled that APFC had  considered a                                                                    
low, mid, and high case risk assessment.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Senator Kiehl interpreted that DOR  was assuming that if the                                                                    
low  case  were  to  materialize,   the  state  would  pause                                                                    
inflation-proofing and  there would  be a 10  percent chance                                                                    
it would be okay.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner Crum  noted that the  slide only  addressed the                                                                    
POMV draw.  He mentioned further information in the RSB.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Senator Bishop  asked if  there had  been discussion  in the                                                                    
department related  to legislation collapsing the  POMV into                                                                    
the corpus of the Permanent Fund.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner Crum shared that the  topic had been an ongoing                                                                    
discussion  and shared  that there  had been  an outstanding                                                                    
resolution  of the  APFC Board  of Trustees  since 2001.  He                                                                    
mentioned  a  paper  from 2020  addressing  the  matter.  He                                                                    
mentioned  modernizing  the  principles of  the  two  funds.                                                                    
There had been a conversation  with the governor, but he was                                                                    
not  aware   of  where   the  matter   stood  in   terms  of                                                                    
legislation.  He  mentioned   robust  markets  and  positive                                                                    
upticks in  the fund  balances. He thought  the conversation                                                                    
would be ongoing.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman  noted that the  committee would  be having                                                                    
presentations from  the APFC.  The committee  would consider                                                                    
several issues related to the  Permanent Fund, including the                                                                    
ERA  and sustainability.  He referenced  the chart  on slide                                                                    
13,  and asked  if there  was an  assumption of  2.5 percent                                                                    
inflation going forward.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel answered affirmatively.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman  noted the 7.2  percent assumed  return and                                                                    
retaining purchasing power.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel answered affirmatively.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman thought  it was necessary to  be aware that                                                                    
the draw rate  was above the return rate  plus inflation. He                                                                    
thought  it   important  to  look   at  the  draw   rate  if                                                                    
contemplating combining the funds.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
9:26:31 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel referenced  slide  14, "Unrestricted  Petroleum                                                                    
Revenue:  FY 2023  to FY  2025  Totals," which  had a  table                                                                    
showing  the  four main  sources  of  petroleum revenue.  He                                                                    
explained that  the state levied  a property tax on  all oil                                                                    
and  gas property  in the  state, which  generated a  little                                                                    
more than  $125 million  per year. He  noted that  there was                                                                    
also  a  municipal  tax  on  the  property  as  well,  which                                                                    
generated  $480  million for  municipalities  in  FY 23  and                                                                    
about $448  million in FY  22. The state levied  a corporate                                                                    
income tax on qualifying  corporations doing business in the                                                                    
state  that   generated  $312  million  from   oil  and  gas                                                                    
corporations in  FY 23,  and was  forecast to  generate $240                                                                    
million in FY 24 and $300 million in FY 25.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel continued  that the oil and  gas production tax,                                                                    
which was the states  severance  tax on petroleum, for North                                                                    
Slope production was a net  profits tax with a gross minimum                                                                    
tax  floor.  He  mentioned  tax  credits  that  could  apply                                                                    
against  the net  profits  portion of  the  tax. At  current                                                                    
prices,  it was  forecast that  some but  not all  companies                                                                    
would be  paying at or  above the tax floor.  The production                                                                    
tax  was expected  to bring  in  about $938  million in  the                                                                    
current  fiscal  year, and  about  $642  million in  FY  25.                                                                    
Royalties from oil and gas  production on state land brought                                                                    
in about $1.2  billion in FY 23, and about  $1.1 billion was                                                                    
forecast  for FY  24.  In  addition to  the  UGF portion  of                                                                    
royalties,  there was  also  a  significant royalty  revenue                                                                    
that  was  considered   restricted  revenue,  including  the                                                                    
portions deposited  into the Permanent  Fund and  the School                                                                    
Fund. He  noted that later  in the presentation  there would                                                                    
be details about some of  the key assumptions underlying the                                                                    
petroleum revenue forecasts.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Stedman   asked  if  Mr.  Stickel   would  address                                                                    
production tax.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel  relayed that he was  happy to do it  or revisit                                                                    
the topic after the petroleum revenue assumptions.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel turned to  slide 15, "Unrestricted Non-Petroleum                                                                    
Revenue: FY 2023  to FY 2025," which  showed some additional                                                                    
detail  on the  non-petroleum revenue  forecast. He  pointed                                                                    
out that  the largest portion  was taxes, and  typically the                                                                    
corporate  income tax  was  the  largest portion.  Corporate                                                                    
income  tax  from  non-petroleum  companies  generated  $124                                                                    
million in FY  23 and was forecast to  generate $130 million                                                                    
for  FY 24  and $160  million for  FY 25.  The increase  was                                                                    
expected to continue  beyond FY 25, which  was a broad-based                                                                    
assumption  based  on general  economic  growth  as well  as                                                                    
recovery  from sectors  like mining  and tourism.  He listed                                                                    
other  significant taxes  such  as the  Mining License  Tax,                                                                    
Insurance Premium  Tax, Fisheries Tax, and  excise taxes. In                                                                    
addition to taxes, there  were other non-petroleum revenues,                                                                    
including  a variety  of things  like licenses  and permits,                                                                    
fines and  forfeitures, charges for services,  and dividends                                                                    
from state-owned corporations.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Mr.   Stickel   showed   slide   16,   "Petroleum   Forecast                                                                    
Assumptions Detail."                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel  displayed slide 17,  Petroleum  Detail: Changes                                                                    
to Long-Term  Price Forecast,"  which showed  DOR's ten-year                                                                    
oil  price forecast  from the  fall forecast,  as well  as a                                                                    
comparison  to  the previous  forecast.  He  noted that  the                                                                    
department had  utilized futures  market projections  for as                                                                    
many years  as were available.  The fall price  forecast had                                                                    
been generated  on December 8,  using prices from  the first                                                                    
five trading  days in  December. He  reminded that  the fall                                                                    
revenue forecast represented an increase  to the FY 24 price                                                                    
of  a  little over  $9/bbl,  with  a  little over  a  $6/bbl                                                                    
increase for  FY 25.  Later into  the revenue  forecast, the                                                                    
price  forecast  was  increased  by  a  smaller  amount  and                                                                    
actually came even with the  spring forecast towards the end                                                                    
of the forecast period.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Stedman   shared  that  the  committee   would  be                                                                    
requesting  that  the  Legislative  Finance  Division  (LFD)                                                                    
generate budgets  with an oil  price of $60/bbl.  He thought                                                                    
the financial industry seemed to  use $60/bbl to look at the                                                                    
oil  and gas  industry  in  Alaska and  other  areas in  the                                                                    
country. He shared  that the committee wanted to  get a good                                                                    
idea of the sensitivity to any net or deficit.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel noted that page 81  of the RSB had a sensitivity                                                                    
analysis table for  the next three fiscal years,  and a more                                                                    
robust ten-year  version of the  table that was  provided to                                                                    
LFD. He offered to provide the material to the committee.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Stedman  affirmed  that  the  committee  would  be                                                                    
looking at the following two  to three years rather than ten                                                                    
years  out. He  mentioned considering  the budget  after the                                                                    
governors changes were submitted in February.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
9:34:24 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel   highlighted  slide  18,   "Petroleum  Detail:                                                                    
Nominal  Brent  Forecasts  Comparison  as  of  December  11,                                                                    
2023,"  which showed  a  line graph  showing  how DOR's  oil                                                                    
price forecast compared to different  sources. He noted that                                                                    
there was a  version of the graph that had  been updated the                                                                    
previous day,  which he could  provide to the  committee. He                                                                    
noted that  DORs  forecast compared to  price forecasts from                                                                    
the U.S. Energy Information  Agency, the most recent futures                                                                    
market data, and an average  of analysts  forecast. He added                                                                    
that  DORs   forecast  was  generally  in  line  with  other                                                                    
sources, and  the most  recent version  was even  closer. He                                                                    
continued that  in general, the different  sources suggested                                                                    
a long-term price  of $70/bbl to $80/bbl for  the long term,                                                                    
and the  DOR forecast also fell  in line in the  same range.                                                                    
The current  futures market outlook  for the next  couple of                                                                    
years was within a dollar of  the revenue forecast as of the                                                                    
previous day.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel  looked at  slide  19,  "Petroleum Detail:  UGF                                                                    
Relative  to  Price per  Barrel  (without  POMV): FY  2025,"                                                                    
which  showed  a  graph based  on  the  sensitivity  tables,                                                                    
showing how  UGF revenue  would change if  the price  of oil                                                                    
was  higher or  lower than  the revenue  forecast. He  noted                                                                    
that  a one  dollar increase  or decrease  from the  $76/bbl                                                                    
price would represent around a  $45 to $50 million change in                                                                    
UGF revenue.  He explained that  given that the state  had a                                                                    
progressive  fiscal system,  once there  were higher  prices                                                                    
closer to $100/bbl, the metric  went up to about $75 million                                                                    
per  dollar change  in oil  price.  Once there  was a  lower                                                                    
price of around  $50/bbl, the metric went down  to about $25                                                                    
million per dollar of oil price change.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman asked  if there were things in  play in the                                                                    
calculations  that  changed the  metric  over  the past  few                                                                    
years. He recalled that there  were other things going on in                                                                    
the expenditure side that were altering the metric.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel identified  that  the  production forecast  had                                                                    
decreased  a little.  One  major change  was  a forecast  of                                                                    
significantly    higher   company    spending   for    lease                                                                    
expenditures,  which  impacted  the  threshold  between  the                                                                    
minimum tax floor and the next profits tax.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Senator Bishop asked  if Mr. Stickel had a  list of approved                                                                    
allowable deductions  for capital expenditures on  the North                                                                    
Slope.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel  relayed  that  there  was  detailed  statutory                                                                    
guidance   and   regulations   to  support   the   allowable                                                                    
deductions.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Senator  Bishop  asked  for   Mr.  Stickel  to  provide  the                                                                    
information.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Stedman  thought  that   [the  states   list]  was                                                                    
generally  what  was  allowable   by  the  Internal  Revenue                                                                    
Service (IRS)  as a capital expenditure  versus an operating                                                                    
expenditure.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel affirmed that  generally for lease expenditures,                                                                    
the  department followed  IRS guidance,  but had  a specific                                                                    
set of over a dozen exclusions  of what was not an allowable                                                                    
expenditure. There were also supporting regulations.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel addressed  slide 20,  "Petroleum Detail:  North                                                                    
Slope Petroleum  Production Forecast,"  which showed  a line                                                                    
graph  comparing  the  forecast  for  the  North  Slope  oil                                                                    
production with  a high and  low case for the  following ten                                                                    
years. He  noted that  over FY  24 through  FY 26  there was                                                                    
fairly  stable  production,  with  a  little  under  500,000                                                                    
barrels per day. The stability  was a combination of natural                                                                    
decline of  mature fields, offset by  additional drilling in                                                                    
the  fields. He  explained that  in  FY 27  and beyond,  the                                                                    
trend  of  additional  drilling   and  natural  decline  was                                                                    
overlaid by new productions  from new development. Pikka and                                                                    
Willow were  added to  the production  forecast on  a risked                                                                    
basis.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
9:40:28 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel  advanced  to   slide  21,  "Petroleum  Detail:                                                                    
Changes  to  North  Slope  Petroleum  Production  Forecast,"                                                                    
which  showed a  line  graph that  showed  how the  forecast                                                                    
changed  from the  prior spring  forecast. The  forecast was                                                                    
reduced for  FY 24, FY 25,  and FY 26; and  increased for FY                                                                    
27  and beyond  based  on the  increased  confidence in  new                                                                    
fields like Pikka and Willow.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman mentioned  FY 25 and asked how  much of the                                                                    
decline was in Prudhoe Bay.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel did  not have the number  readily available, but                                                                    
offered to provide the information at a later time.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel looked  at slide  22, "Petroleum  Detail: North                                                                    
Slope Allowable  Lease Expenditures," featured a  graph that                                                                    
showed  how allowable  lease expenditures  had changed  over                                                                    
the past two  years, with a ten-year  forecast for operating                                                                    
and   capital   expenditures.    He   commented   that   the                                                                    
expenditures   were   an   important  measure   of   planned                                                                    
investment in the state and  were also important because the                                                                    
lease  expenditures were  deductible in  the production  tax                                                                    
calculation.  In FY  23,  North  Slope capital  expenditures                                                                    
were  $2.3  billion  and operating  expenditures  were  $2.6                                                                    
billion.  Both  amounts  represented   a  rebound  from  the                                                                    
previous  two years,  when  oil prices  had  been lower  and                                                                    
Covid-19 impacts had led to  reduced activity. He expected a                                                                    
large jump over  the following two years  comprised of major                                                                    
investments  in   new  fields  and  increased   drilling  in                                                                    
existing  fields.  Capital  expenditures  were  forecast  to                                                                    
exceed $4 billion  in FY 25 and FY 26.  After the new fields                                                                    
like  Pikka and  Willow  were  online, capital  expenditures                                                                    
were forecast  to be  stable and just  under $3  billion per                                                                    
year.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel explained  that companies  had  pulled back  on                                                                    
operating  expenditures  as  much  as  possible  during  the                                                                    
Covid-19 pandemic,  but there were some  increased operating                                                                    
costs due to inflation and  other factors. There was also an                                                                    
overlay  of  the  cost  of operating  the  new  units  being                                                                    
developed.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman asked  about unallowable lease expenditures                                                                    
and carry-forwards.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel  explained  that the  slide  showed  all  lease                                                                    
expenditures  allowed for  tax  purposes. A  portion of  the                                                                    
expenditures  would be  applied against  a tax  liability in                                                                    
calculating  production  tax.  If  a company  did  not  have                                                                    
sufficient  liability,  a  portion of  the  allowable  lease                                                                    
expenditures  would carry  forward to  count against  future                                                                    
production tax liability. The  numbers represented all lease                                                                    
expenditures that were allowed for tax purposes.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman asked  if Mr. Stickel was  going to address                                                                    
carry-forward credit accumulation.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel  did not  have a specific  slide to  address Co-                                                                    
Chair  Stedman's question.  He referenced  table 8.4  of the                                                                    
RSB for discussion. Line 23  of the table enumerated the tax                                                                    
value of any  of the carry forward annual losses  as well as                                                                    
any outstanding credits held by the companies.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
9:45:24 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair   Stedman   thought   the  committee   would   need                                                                    
assistance  tracking the  accumulation of  the carryforwards                                                                    
that were up against current revenue in a given year.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Mr.   Stickel  explained   that   the  carry-forward   lease                                                                    
expenditures were  primarily being earned by  companies that                                                                    
were not  yet in production,  and were doing  exploration in                                                                    
the  state. The  carry-forward lease  expenditures would  be                                                                    
able   to  be   used  to   potentially  offset   future  tax                                                                    
liabilities once the companies came into production.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Stedman asked  Mr.  Stickel  to address  companies                                                                    
that had revenue in the scenario.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel described  a "donut hole" situation,  in which a                                                                    
company with  sufficient current  revenue and  production to                                                                    
be paying  above the minimum tax  floor was able to  use all                                                                    
allowable lease  expenditures to  reduce its  production tax                                                                    
value (PTV), which was the subject of the net profits tax.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
9:49:21 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel thought  it would be helpful to  address how the                                                                    
PTV functioned.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman thought the  information should be included                                                                    
in the RSB.  He noted that the RSB was  a live document that                                                                    
had continuous edits and improvements.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel  agreed to consider  options for adding  as much                                                                    
clarity as possible.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel spoke  to slide  23,  "Petroleum Detail:  North                                                                    
Slope Transportation  Costs," which  showed a bar  graph. He                                                                    
noted   that  the   two  biggest   components  were   marine                                                                    
transportation  costs and  the Trans-Alaska  Pipeline (TAPS)                                                                    
tariffs.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
9:56:21 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Senator Bishop  asked if there  should be  increased revenue                                                                    
to  the state  in  the  upcoming fiscal  year  due to  lower                                                                    
transportation costs.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel replied in the affirmative.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel referenced  slide  24,  "Petroleum Detail:  Tax                                                                    
Credits for  Purchase Detail Source:  DOR Fall  2023 Revenue                                                                    
Forecast," which showed a bar graph looking at tax credits.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner Crum  thanked the legislature for  working with                                                                    
the  governor's office  in previous  years to  pay down  the                                                                    
liabilities.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
9:59:28 AM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Hoffman  asked how much  the state had paid  in tax                                                                    
credits cumulatively.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel replied that it was $3 billion.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman  asked for  Mr. Stickel  to break  down the                                                                    
total tax credits                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel agreed.  He noted that table 8.4 in  the RSB had                                                                    
a  ten-year  history. He  agreed  to  provide more  detailed                                                                    
information.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Stedman  asked for  Mr.  Stickel  to include  Cook                                                                    
Inlet.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
10:00:50 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Hoffman   asked  if,  in  the   viewpoint  of  the                                                                    
administration,   the  tax   credits  had   been  a   valued                                                                    
experience that was positive to the state.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner Crum felt it was hard to quantify.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair  Hoffman  asked  if   the  $3  billion  in  credits                                                                    
included Cook Inlet.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Mr.   Stickel  relayed   that   the   department  had   some                                                                    
information                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel turned to slide 25, "Thank You."                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel displayed slide 27,  "State Petroleum Revenue by                                                                    
Land  Type"  which  showed  a table  of  how  state  revenue                                                                    
benefited by land type.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman surmised that "all oil was not equal."                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel agreed.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
10:05:56 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Senator Bishop  asked Mr. Stickel asked  about other federal                                                                    
lands.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel  replied  that it  was  more  theoretical,  and                                                                    
stated  that  the  National  Petroleum  Reserve  and  Alaska                                                                    
National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) had special provisions.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Senator Bishop asked, for  historical purposes, and wondered                                                                    
whether the split had recently changed.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel replied in the affirmative.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel   highlighted  slide  28,   "Petroleum  Detail:                                                                    
Changes to North Slope Petroleum Production Forecast."                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel  looked at slide  29, " Petroleum  Detail: North                                                                    
Slope Allowable Lease Expenditures,"  which was similar to a                                                                    
previous slide.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman  asked if  Mr. Stickel  had an  estimate of                                                                    
when the state would return to status before 2020.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel  deferred  to  the   Department  of  Labor  and                                                                    
Workforce Development (DOLWD)                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Senator Kiehl  asked about the Alaskan  employment trendline                                                                    
as related to slide 29.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Mr. Stickel did not have that information.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner  Crum recalled  that  there was  a 2.6  percent                                                                    
employment growth in the state.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Senator Kiehl  asked if  the North Slope  jobs had  the same                                                                    
increase.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner Crum did not know the answer.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman suggestion the question be asked of the                                                                        
department.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
10:10:04 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Mr.  Stickel addressed  slide 30,  "Petroleum Detail:  North                                                                    
Slope  Transportation Costs,"  which  was a  bar graph  with                                                                    
similar information from a previous  slide but with a longer                                                                    
time horizon.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Commissioner Crum remarked on the instability of financial                                                                      
markets.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Co-Chair Stedman discussed committee business.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
ADJOURNMENT                                                                                                                   
10:13:00 AM                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
The meeting was adjourned at 10:12 a.m.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                

Document Name Date/Time Subjects
011824 S.FIN Fall 2023 Forecast Presentation 01.18.24.pdf SFIN 1/18/2024 9:00:00 AM