Legislature(2023 - 2024)SENATE FINANCE 532
03/26/2024 03:15 PM Senate JOINT ARMED SERVICES COMMITTEE
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| Audio | Topic |
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| Start | |
| Presentation: Update on Military Activity in Alaska | |
| Adjourn |
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
ALASKA STATE LEGISLATURE
JOINT ARMED SERVICES COMMITTEE
March 26, 2024
3:20 p.m.
MEMBERS PRESENT
Senator Scott Kawasaki, Co-Chair
Representative Laddie Shaw, Co-Chair
Senator Bill Wielechowski
Senator Mike Shower
Senator Kelly Merrick
Senator Forrest Dunbar
Representative Stanley Wright
Representative Jamie Allard
Representative Cliff Groh
PUBLIC MEMBERS PRESENT
Colonel Tim Jones retired Fairbanks (via teleconference)
Colonel Bob Dole retired Anchorage
Colonel George Vakalis retired Anchorage (via teleconference)
MEMBERS ABSENT
Representative Mike Prax
COMMITTEE CALENDAR
PRESENTATION: UPDATE ON MILITARY ACTIVITY IN ALASKA
PREVIOUS COMMITTEE ACTION
No previous action to record
WITNESS REGISTER
CRAIG FLEENER, Deputy Director
Ted Stevens Center for Arctic Security Studies
Anchorage, Alaska
POSITION STATEMENT: Presented an update for the Ted Stevens
Center for Arctic Security Studies.
TERRENCE SHANIGAN, Strategic Worker
Ted Stevens Center for Arctic Security Studies
Anchorage, Alaska
POSITION STATEMENT: Testified on a presentation update for the
Ted Stevens Center for Arctic Security Studies.
LIEUTENANT GENERAL DAVID NAHOM, Commander
Alaskan North American Aerospace Defense (NORAD) Region
Alaskan Command
Eleventh Air Force (11 AF)
Joint-Base Elmendorf-Richardson (JBER)
Anchorage, Alaska
POSITION STATEMENT: Presented an update for the Alaskan Command
(ALCOM), the Alaskan North American Aerospace Defense Command
(ANR), and the Eleventh Air Force (11 AF).
BRIGADIER GENERAL THOMAS BURKE, Deputy Commander for Support
11th Airborne Division 'Arctic Angels'
U.S. Army
Joint-Base Elmendorf-Richardson (JBER)
Anchorage, Alaska
POSITION STATEMENT: Presented an update for the 11th Airborne
Division "Arctic Angels."
CAPTAIN JOHN COLE, District 17
Chief of Staff
U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)
Juneau, Alaska
POSITION STATEMENT: Presented an update for the U.S. Coast Guard
(USCG).
REAR ADMIRAL MARK SUCATO, Commander
Navy Region Northwest
Silverdale, Washington
POSITION STATEMENT: Presented an update for the Navy Region
Northwest.
MAJOR GENERAL TORRENCE SAXE, Adjutant General
Alaska National Guard
Fort Richardson, Alaska
POSITION STATEMENT: Presented an update for the Alaska National
Guard and DMVA.
ACTION NARRATIVE
3:20:50 PM
CO-CHAIR SCOTT KAWASAKI called the Joint Armed Services
Committee meeting to order at 3:20 p.m. Present at the call to
order were Senators Wielechowski, Shower, Merrick, Dunbar, and
Co-Chair Kawasaki; Representatives Wright, Allard, Groh, and Co-
Chair Shaw; and public members Colonel Jones, Colonel Dole, and
Colonel Vakalis
^Presentation: Update on Military Activity in Alaska
PRESENTATION: UPDATE ON MILITARY ACTIVITY IN ALASKA
3:22:49 PM
CO-CHAIR KAWASAKI announced the presentation Update on Military
Activity in Alaska.
3:23:28 PM
CRAIG FLEENER, Deputy Director, Ted Stevens Center for Arctic
Security Studies, Anchorage, Alaska, presented an update for the
Ted Stevens Center for Arctic Security Studies. He introduced
himself.
3:23:52 PM
TERRENCE SHANIGAN, Strategic Worker, Ted Stevens Center for
Arctic Security Studies, Anchorage, Alaska, testified on the
update for the Ted Stevens Center for Arctic Security Studies.
He introduced himself.
3:24:06 PM
MR. FLEENER moved to slides 1 - 2 and spoke to Arctic security
and global partnerships:
[Original punctuation provided.]
Security Cooperation in and across the Arctic Security
Through Global Partnerships
DoD Regional Centers for Security Studies (RCs) are
international venues for bilateral and multilateral
research, communication, exchange of ideas, and
training involving U.S. and foreign military,
civilian, and nongovernmental participants, utilizing
their unique academic forums to build strong,
sustainable international networks of security
leaders. RCs are unique among institutional capacity
building (ICB) providers, as they target a primarily
multilateral, inter-ministerial, senior-level
audience.
WHO
• Allies and Partners
• Department of Defense
• U.S. Government Interagency Industry
• Non-Governmental Organizations
• Academia and Think Tanks
WHAT
• Education Courses
• Workshops
• Field Programs
• Research Conferences
• Digital Programming
• Fellowships
• Alumni
• Dialogues
WHY
• Encourage and enable partner nations to apply
capabilities and capacity, provide access, and/
or support US interests.
MR. FLEENER stated that the Ted Stevens Center is a new regional
center within the Department of Defense, one of six regional
centers. He mentioned their visit to Juneau to introduce the
center, discuss its mission, and explore potential
collaborations with colleagues. The Ted Stevens Center is
aligned with the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD
NORTHCOM) and has additional connections with the U.S. European
Command (EUCOM) and the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command (INDOPACOM)
due to their interests in the Arctic. The other five regional
centers include the Marshall Center in Germany, the Asia-Pacific
Center in Hawaii, the Near East South Asia Center in North
Africa and the Levant, the Africa Center in Washington, DC, and
the William J. Perry Center focusing on South America. The
center aims to serve as an international venue for bilateral and
multilateral research, education, and communication with a focus
on the Arctic and subarctic regions. He emphasized their goal of
fostering a peaceful and prosperous Arctic, aligning with
Alaska's interests.
3:26:13 PM
MR. FLEENER moved to slide 3 and detailed supporting activities:
Supporting Activities
• Facilitate strategic dialogue in, across and
about the Arctic through seminars, conferences,
and workshops
• Arctic Field Programs
• Digital Programming
• Practitioner focused research and analysis
• Journal of Arctic and Climate Security Studies
(JACSS)
• Support to various multinational research efforts
Lines of Effort Innovation & Experimentation
• Arctic focused courses designed for security
practitioners Arctic & Climate Security Dilemmas
and tailored on-site primers
• IDE Fellows Program
1. Advanced Arctic awareness
2. Advanced DoD Arctic priorities
3. Reinforced rules-based order in the Arctic
4. Effective support to Deterrence
5. Impacts of climate change in the Arctic region
understood and implemented/integrated into
defense plans
MR. FLEENER highlighted the center's flagship course, the Arctic
Region Security Orientation Course, which has over 1,500 alumni.
This five-day program serves as an "Arctic 101" for those
unfamiliar with Arctic issues, covering topics such as the legal
frontier, Arctic governance, tribal and First Nations'
involvement, climate change, military activities, and allied
relationships. The center received direction from the Secretary
of Defense to professionalize Arctic knowledge through this
course, aiming to provide a foundational understanding of the
Arctic's complexities. He described the desired outcomes, which
include advancing Arctic awareness, aligning with Department of
Defense priorities, reinforcing the rules-based order in the
Arctic, and understanding climate change's impact on Arctic
security. He acknowledged the acute effects of climate change on
national security infrastructure, affecting not only the Arctic
but also regions like Alaska, Yukon, Northwest Territories, and
Greenland. The Ted Stevens Center is here to support the work of
the legislature, recognizing the overlap between the Department
of Defense's activities and the State of Alaska's interests. As
an Alaskan native from Fort Yukon, he expressed a commitment to
fostering collaboration with the legislature and administration
to achieve broader DoD objectives of maintaining a peaceful and
secure Arctic. He noted the importance of supporting entities
such as 11 AF, the National Guard, and NORAD NORTHCOM's
commander.
3:29:59 PM
REPRESENTATIVE WRIGHT asked whether he has had an opportunity to
work with the National Guard, noting that they have a
significant presence in rural Alaska. He expressed the
importance of not missing such an opportunity.
3:30:13 PM
MR. FLEENER replied that he is currently in the Alaska National
Guard, with 34 years of service as of this October. He
acknowledged having an internal connection with the National
Guard, though distinct from his connection to the Department of
Defense (DOD). He confirmed that the Ted Stevens Center is
working closely with the National Guard on the creation of a
position within the center for a National Guard representative
to collaborate regularly. This will ensure that the needs and
priorities of the Department of Military and Veterans Affairs
(DMVA) and The Adjutant General (TAG) are addressed. He
suggested that the greatest Arctic expertise in Alaska is found
within the National Guard, particularly the 168th Wing, where
personnel have extensive experience operating in harsh Arctic
conditions. While the rest of the military is developing these
skills, the long-term, sustainable expertise in the National
Guard remains crucial to their efforts.
3:31:46 PM
CO-CHAIR SHAW invited Lieutenant General David Nahom to present
an update for the Alaskan Command (ALCOM), the Alaskan North
American Aerospace Defense Command (ANR), and the Eleventh Air
Force (11 AF).
3:32:21 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL DAVID NAHOM, Commander, Alaskan North
American Aerospace Defense (NORAD) Region, Alaskan Command,
Eleventh Air Force (11 AF), Joint-Base Elmendorf-Richardson
(JBER), Anchorage, Alaska, presented an update on the Alaskan
Command (ALCOM), the Alaskan North American Aerospace Defense
Command (ANR), and 11 AF. He stated that his replacement was
announced yesterday and will arrive this summer. His two-year
tenure will conclude in the second week of August. He noted that
Major General, soon to be Lieutenant General, Case Cunningham
from the Warfare Centers is a good friend and will be an
excellent successor in Alaska. He expressed anticipation for
welcoming General Cunningham upon his arrival in Alaska this
summer.
3:33:00 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM moved to slide 2 and spoke to national
defense conditions. He stated that 11 AF serves as a force
provider and, under the new NORTHCOM commander, General Gregory
Guillot, plays a critical role in homeland defense for the U.S.
and Canada in the "high north." He reflected on the past year,
highlighting the appearance of a combined China and Russian
surface action group in Alaskan waters over the summer, which
emphasized the region's strategic importance. He noted that, in
the future, Alaska's defense will need to address not only
Russian but also increasing Chinese activities. General Guillot
indicated in recent testimony that Chinese aircraft might soon
join Russian counterparts in the Alaska Air Defense
Identification Zone and waters. He referred to a recent
encounter between an Alaskan F-35 and Russia's top-line fighter,
the Su-35, during the Ice Exercise (ICEX) event, an activity
that garnered significant Russian interest. He clarified that
what was perceived as an F-16 flyby for ICEX scientists was
actually a precautionary measure against potential Russian
activity. The F-16 squadron recently transitioned from the 18th
Aggressors to the 18th Fighter Interceptor Squadron in early
February. This change reflects a shift in homeland defense
strategy for the high north, focusing on maximizing the F-16s'
value for alert and defense operations. This marks the
establishment of the first fighter interceptor squadron in 32
years, reintroducing the nomenclature from the Cold War era. The
squadron is now trained and equipped to remain in Alaska should
conflicts arise elsewhere, providing strategic flexibility.
3:36:20 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM moved to slide 3 and explained the
mission's vision. He recounted an event he attended with Scott
Kirby, President Biden's advisor, who emphasized the importance
of clearly communicating a mission in three points, nine
seconds, and 27 words or less. Inspired by this advice, he
challenged all 11 AF wings to adopt this concise approach, and
they succeeded. He then articulated his own mission in three key
elements: defending the homeland, projecting air power
worldwide, and ensuring airmen are Arctic-ready, which also
includes their families. He summarized the mission as "defend,
project, ready," encapsulating the essence of their work in
Alaska and ANR.
3:37:17 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM moved to slide 4 and spoke to ongoing
initiatives. He emphasized the evolving global threat conditions
and the need for corresponding changes in military operations.
He noted that he has witnessed significant changes since his
two-year tenure. Instead, the rapid changes in global dynamics,
particularly in threat conditions, necessitated the operational
shifts. The current global environment is vastly different from
previous years, requiring updated strategies and approaches to
address the new challenges. The aggressive behavior and
unpredictability of Russia, combined with China's growing
capabilities and its government's willingness to coordinate with
Russia in the Arctic, have necessitated a shift in strategy.
Past approaches, particularly those used in the last decade, are
no longer effective. He noted a crucial shift from a joint
operations area (JOA) to an Alaska theater operations framework.
This change allows for broader coordination with Northern
Command components and expands operational capabilities in
Alaska's contingency scenarios. If the U.S. were to engage in
large-scale war, Alaska is on the forefront and has a land
component called Army North with its headquarters in San
Antonio, Texas. There has been an increase in activity in the
Special Operations Command North (SOCNORTH), and it is expected
to continually increase. The shift also brings greater
involvement from the Naval Forces Northern Command, (NAVNORTH),
(SOCNORTH), Marine Forces Northern Command (MARFORCOM), and Air
Forces Northern (AFNORTH). There is an air force component for
the homeland. However, they were previously blocked due to the
Joint Operations Area (JOA) despite their capabilities in the
High North region. This is a key component to understanding how
this region and the entire state shape defense operations.
3:39:40 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM noted that large-scale air and ground
power will remain. Two other countries have purchased the F-35
within the past year, including Finland and Canada, particularly
for its Arctic capabilities. The F-35 has adapted to Arctic
operations largely due to the efforts of Alaskan airmen. The
aircraft's success in harsh conditions, demonstrated during
operation Thule Greenland in the middle of winter, underscores
Alaska's key role in Air Force operations. He discussed the
challenges posed by the dual command structure in Alaska, where
the Pacific installations are within Northern Command's
territory. This has historically caused Alaska to be overlooked,
leading to operational issues and high turnover rates. However,
efforts are underway to give him more control over readiness and
operations in Alaska, which will be finalized before the
upcoming exercise, Valiant Shield (VS) 2024. He praised the
success of the recent exercise, where new concepts in managing
homeland forces were tested. These advancements are crucial for
future preparedness, ensuring Alaska's ability to respond to
emerging threats.
3:42:01 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM moved to slide 5 and outlined ongoing
initiatives aimed at enhancing the skills and readiness of
airmen in Alaska. He noted that the Air Force is closely
following the Army's lead in clothing and training, as the Army
has been more effective in these areas. To better equip airmen
for Arctic operations, they are adopting some of the Army's
clothing to improve their ability to operate and maintain
aircraft in the region. He described the launch of an Arctic
skills class, which has already trained over 400 airmen.
Previously, only aviators underwent Arctic survival school, but
now every airman stationed in Alaska will go through this two-
day training. The course includes spending a night outdoors and
learning essential skills for not just surviving, but thriving
in the Arctic. This covers driving in snow, handling emergencies
like being stranded in a ditch, and enjoying the outdoors
safely. The class has received positive feedback, and it is
helping build resilience among the airmen and their families.
There is an increased focus on regular campaigning, with the
expectation of seeing more Northern Command components operating
and conducting missions in the region.
3:43:23 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM moved to slide 6 and introduced the
concept of "below zero medicine" as an integral part of the
Arctic skills training. He praised the medics at Elmendorf,
describing their groundbreaking work in providing medical care
in sub-zero environments as both game-changing and cutting-edge
on a global scale. He played a video to further illustrate their
efforts, highlighting how the knowledge and techniques developed
in Alaska could benefit operations not just in the Arctic, but
in other locations as well. He expressed his admiration for the
collaborative efforts between the Army, Marines, and other
branches involved in the below zero medicine initiative.
Remarkable advancements are being made in Arctic medical
practices, and this expertise is being shared and implemented
throughout Alaska.
3:46:37 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM moved to slide 7 and spoke to
challenges with housing and funding. He addressed several
challenges faced in Fairbanks, especially regarding housing and
community integration. He noted that additional funding from
appropriations this year has enabled the start of dormitory
construction and other projects in Fairbanks and at JBER.
However, housing remains a significant issue. He expressed
concern about the lack of a cohesive community on base in
Fairbanks, where many airmen are dispersed throughout the
borough, often struggling to find suitable living arrangements.
Fairbanks can be challenging for newcomers from outside Alaska,
and having a strong base community is crucial for morale and
integration. The recent closure of the second on-base school at
Eielson Air Force Base (AFB) by the Fairbanks school board has
adversely affected the community. As he prepares to hand over
his responsibilities, he emphasized the need to improve the
sense of community for airmen in Fairbanks, as the current
situation is impacting the ability to attract and retain
families. He observed a troubling trend of leaders arriving
without their families and stressed the importance of addressing
these issues collaboratively.
3:48:03 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM moved to slide 8 and described the
anticipated outlook for the future. He said collaboration with
the National Guard, the Army, and the congressional delegation
has been crucial in advancing important projects in Alaska. Many
projects secured funding this year for design and review, and
the focus will now shift to further development. The runway
extension project at JBER is progressing well and will
significantly impact air traffic in the Anchorage Bowl, with a
new north-south flow designed by the FAA. This change is
expected to benefit the local community. In disaster response, a
new formalized approach is being established with the National
Guard. A one-star general from the Alaska Guard will serve as
his deputy commander, creating a dual-status command structure
to enhance coordination between federal and state responses
during emergencies. The appointment is anticipated to occur in
the coming month, pending legal formalities, and is expected to
strengthen emergency response efforts. He spoke to the
significant challenges posed by adversaries such as China and
Russia. He emphasized the critical role Alaska plays in national
defense, noting that air power stationed in Alaska is essential
for future military operations. The need to adapt and make
necessary, albeit uncomfortable, changes is crucial for
maintaining both homeland security and the ability to project
power. He praised Alaskans for their exceptional support of the
military, contrasting it with other locations he has served.
Despite some challenges in Fairbanks, he expressed confidence in
overcoming them through collective effort. He underscored the
importance of supporting military personnel and their families,
particularly those on the front lines who will be crucial in any
future conflict.
3:51:51 PM
REPRESENTATIVE ALLARD expressed concern over issues affecting
military families, particularly the closure of schools on
Eielson AFB. Reflecting on her own service, she noted certain
areas that were impacted including pay, food, mail, and family.
She highlighted the closure of the junior high and potentially
the only high school on base, asking what steps have been taken
to address this. Although acknowledging the transition of
leadership, she inquired how she and others could assist in
mitigating the impact of these closures on military families.
3:52:35 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM explained that efforts are underway to
address the recent decision to close the schools on Eielson Air
Force Base. He noted that the closure, which was voted on with a
5-1 decision, has only recently become official, and they are
now conducting necessary background work and reviewing grants
from the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA).
Although the closure will take effect in the next term, General
Nahom stressed that he plans to tackle the issue before his
departure in a few months, as it will occur under his
leadership.
3:53:23 PM
REPRESENTATIVE ALLARD inquired about the impact the school
closures will have on military families stationed at Eielson
AFB. She emphasized that while some may downplay the distance to
alternative schools, citing one only 11 miles away, this
distance poses a significant challenge for families, including
those with a deployed spouse. She expressed concern about the
potential negative effect on morale, especially given the harsh
Alaskan weather. She asked how the closures will affect military
personnel and their families, considering these unique
circumstances.
3:53:57 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM shared an example of a military family
whose son will be attending his fourth high school next year,
highlighting the frequent relocations and challenges faced by
military families. He reiterated the difficulties posed by the
school closures, noting that the 11-mile commute to the
alternative school could take 30 to 45 minutes during winter
months. Many military families, unfamiliar with Alaska's harsh
conditions, are unprepared for such challenges. He pointed out
that many of these families, especially younger enlisted
members, rely on dual incomes, with both parents often serving.
The closure will significantly burden families stationed at
Eielson AFB, affecting school commutes, childcare, and after-
school programs, making daily life more difficult for those
already coping with frequent relocations.
3:54:56 PM
REPRESENTATIVE ALLARD expressed her concern that the school
closures will create additional hardships for military families.
She invited General Nahom to collaborate on finding a solution.
3:55:11 PM
REPRESENTATIVE GROH raised concerns about education and housing
for military families, particularly those stationed at JBER. He
noted that while elementary students are typically educated on
base, junior high and high school students attend schools off
base, such as Bartlett and Central Middle School. A colonel had
pointed out the broader issue of declining school quality in
Alaska. Groh explained that many military members come from
districts with capped class sizes, often at 22 students, and are
alarmed to find class sizes of 30 or more in Alaska. He asked
whether the overall decline in education standards, linked to
long-term planning issues in Alaska's school system, has
negatively impacted military families stationed there.
3:56:35 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM acknowledged that while he does not
have a direct role in education funding, he is aware of parents'
concerns regarding increased class sizes in schools. He
recognized the challenges faced by schools but noted that,
overall, experiences have been positive in the region. Many
families relocating to Alaska often seek to maintain their
children's enrollment in schools, such as Bartlett and Eagle
River, highlighting that some families go to great lengths to
stay until their children complete their education. He expressed
a commitment to ensuring that military families have a positive
schooling experience, emphasizing the overall quality of
education they receive.
3:57:29 PM
REPRESENTATIVE GROH inquired about ongoing housing issues faced
by military members at JBER and throughout Fairbanks. He
referenced a conversation with a colonel who indicated that some
military personnel are living as far away as Homer in search of
affordable and desirable housing for their families. This
situation poses significant challenges not only for the families
but also for mission effectiveness, given the considerable
distance from JBER. He expressed a desire to discuss potential
solutions to improve housing options and create a better housing
situation for military members around JBER.
3:58:21 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM acknowledged the housing challenges at
JBER, noting that while the situation is not as severe as in the
Fairbanks area, affordability remains a significant issue. He is
actively addressing this concern with the Air Force and the
Department of Defense, emphasizing the need for military
personnel, including airmen and soldiers, to receive better
financial support to cope with the high cost of living in
Alaska. Recent cuts to cost-of-living adjustments have
exacerbated the issue. New arrivals from warmer states, like
Georgia, face additional expensesaveraging around $5,300 for
families moving to Fairbanks for necessities such as snow tires
and winter clothing. Unfortunately, enlisted personnel often go
without these essentials due to insufficient pay. Because of
COLA, many are forced to live further away in places like Palmer
to find suitable housing, which complicates their daily
commutes, especially during harsh winter conditions. He
reiterated the importance of improving housing access and
increasing pay for military families to ensure they can afford
the necessities of living in Alaska.
4:00:19 PM
SENATOR WIELECHOWSKI emphasized that one of the committee's
mandates is to oversee the Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC)
process, particularly as it pertains to military bases in
Alaska. He referenced his involvement in the successful
community effort during the 2005 BRAC process concerning Eielson
Air Force Base. He raised concerns that the closure of schools
at Eielson could potentially make the base more vulnerable to
future BRAC evaluations, questioning how the reduction in
educational facilities might impact the base's standing and
attractiveness in any forthcoming BRAC discussions.
4:00:47 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM expressed confidence in the strategic
importance of Eielson AFB given its unique capabilities for air
training, particularly due to its proximity to extensive air-to-
ground and air-to-air ranges that are unparalleled worldwide. As
the U.S. faces growing challenges from China, the ability to
train at a high level in such an environment is invaluable.
However, he stressed the need to consider the welfare of
military families when assessing the base's future. He urged Air
Force leaders to prioritize family support alongside operational
capabilities, citing the current limitations, such as a smaller
commissary and challenges in accessing housing. He acknowledged
the functionality of the F-35s stationed at Eielson AFB, but
underscored that family conditions must improve to maintain
morale and operational effectiveness. He recounted an
interaction with a spouse who faced harsh winter conditions
while managing household responsibilities, noting the adjustment
difficulties faced by families unfamiliar with Alaska's climate.
He conveyed a strong commitment to ensuring that family needs
are addressed, as they are crucial for the success of the
mission at Eielson AFB.
4:03:03 PM
SENATOR SHOWER acknowledged the busy schedules of military
personnel and expressed gratitude for their time and commitment
to attending the meeting. He emphasized the importance of
recognizing their efforts, especially given the increasingly
dangerous global climate and the challenges facing active-duty
members today. He highlighted that these circumstances make
their service particularly commendable. He raised a question
directed at all military representatives about potential actions
the state could take to support military operations and
personnel. Shower referenced a past initiative where the state
allocated $200 million to enhance the deep-water port,
underscoring its strategic importance for military and economic
purposes. He encouraged military leaders to identify any
specific needs or opportunities for state support, either during
the meeting or at a later date, to facilitate better
collaboration between state and federal entities.
4:05:17 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM emphasized the significance of
fostering a sense of community among military families, drawing
from his personal experience during a tour in Korea, where he
formed lasting friendships with fellow service members. Shared
recreational spaces and activities on base were vital in
creating strong community bonds, which are currently lacking. He
expressed concern that the closure of schools contributes to the
diminished sense of community in Fairbanks. Nahom highlighted
the need for collaborative efforts to address this issue,
emphasizing that while financial resources are important, what
might be more impactful is community support for military
families, especially in the Fairbanks area. Many service members
come from warmer climates, making the transition to life near
the Arctic Circle particularly challenging. He said his goal is
to ensure that these families not only survive but thrive in
their new environment.
4:06:31 PM
SENATOR DUNBAR expressed disappointment regarding the school
closures at Eielson Air Force Base raised concerns regarding the
number of service members who have died by suicide and inquired
about the initiatives and changes being implemented this year,
and in the future, to address mental health issues within the
military. He emphasized the critical need for effective
strategies to support the mental well-being of service members
and prevent further tragedies.
4:06:57 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM stated that the military continually
addresses mental health issues among service members,
acknowledging the broader societal challenges as well. He
highlighted various programs, including "True North," and
mentioned pilot initiatives that serve as models for the rest of
the service. A significant focus is on improving living
conditions for enlisted personnel, particularly through the
dormitory project aimed at providing better housing and
fostering a sense of community. In extreme winter conditions,
inadequate facilities can exacerbate isolation and mental health
issues. He expressed concern for the mental wellbeing of service
members' families, emphasizing the challenges in accessing
mental health services, which often just aren't there and
require telehealth options or travel. He reiterated the need for
ongoing efforts to address these critical issues effectively.
4:09:01 PM
SENATOR DUNBAR shared insights from a discussion with a member
of Senator Murkowski's staff regarding the dormitory project. He
noted that while initiatives like providing free internet access
in dormitories may seem beneficial, they could inadvertently
contribute to increased isolation among service members. He
expressed interest in exploring programs that promote communal
spaces, encouraging service members to leave their rooms and
interact with one another, thereby fostering a sense of
community.
4:09:34 PM
LIEUTENANT GENERAL NAHOM acknowledged the importance of
community spaces in the new dormitories, so service members have
the opportunity to engage with one another. He shared that
during conversations with young airmen, he often asks about
their weekend activities and encourages them to find something
they love to do outside of work, especially outdoors. Many
airmen find enjoyment in outdoor pursuits in Alaska. He
suggested that engaging in activities like fishing, hiking, and
snow machining can help service members foster a sense of
community. He stressed the necessity of providing more
opportunities for these outdoor experiences to enhance morale
and connection among airmen as well as getting them used to the
Alaskan environment, which is new and very harsh to many of
them.
4:11:24 PM
CO-CHAIR KAWASAKI invited Brigadier General Thomas Burke to
present an update for the U.S. Army.
4:11:36 PM
BRIGADIER GENERAL THOMAS BURKE, Deputy Commander for Support,
U.S. Army, 11th Airborne Division 'Arctic Angels,' Joint-Base
Elmendorf-Richardson (JBER) Alaska, Anchorage, Alaska, presented
an update for the U.S. Army. He emphasized the significance of
jointness within military operations in Alaska, as highlighted
in a motivational video presented. He thanked the committee for
the opportunity to discuss the division's mission and
contributions to the Army in Alaska, the Arctic region, and
beyond, and noted the division's split between Fort Wainwright
and JBER. He expressed gratitude for the committee's support,
which is vital for soldiers and their families. He acknowledged
the state's efforts to foster a sense of belonging for military
personnel and their families during their assignments in Alaska.
4:13:08 PM
BRIGADIER GENERAL BURKE moved to slide 2 and spoke to exercises
planned globally and in the state. He said 11th Airborne
Division has had a busy year and is set to support 19 exercises
worldwide and here in Alaska, particularly focusing on the joint
Pacific multinational readiness center. The division, split
between JBER and Fort Wainwright, plays a vital role in
generating readiness for the theater army and the Indo-Pacific
region, alongside allies and partners in the Arctic. With over
11,000 soldiers assigned, the 11th Airborne Division is
dedicated to honing warfighting skills to provide deterrence
options amid rising competition with China and Russia. A key
aspect of this deterrence is remaining globally responsive,
trained, and ready. The 11th Airborne Division maintains
readiness through extensive training in Alaska and participation
in various exercises. Notably, in 2023, the division concluded
seven major exercises in Alaska, Mongolia, Malaysia, Australia,
and Japan, strengthening long-standing partnerships and
enhancing interoperability. In addition to working with Canada,
the division is actively building relationships with Arctic
nations such as Norway and Sweden, recognizing the unique Arctic
capabilities of the 11th Airborne Division. Collaborations also
extend to Germany, Italy, and Finland to learn best practices in
cold weather operations. This emphasizes the division's unique
operational capabilities across a wide range of geographic,
environmental, and climatic extremes.
4:15:27 PM
BRIGADIER GENERAL BURKE moved to slide 3 and detailed an
exercise completed by JPMRC. He said JPMRC 2402 concluded in
February, marking the most successful iteration to date. The
primary objective was to conduct a division-level mission in the
Arctic, training in extreme cold weather conditions. All
assigned and supporting units participated, including both
infantry brigades, the Support Battalion, and the two aviation
units stationed at Fort Wainwright. JPMRC was designed to train
soldiers in movement, shooting, communication, medical support,
and sustainment while operating across vast diverse terrains.
The exercise faced challenging temperatures, starting at
negative 40 to negative 50 degrees Fahrenheit, and reaching up
to plus 40 degrees, with winds of up to 50 knots. This
environment rigorously tested the 11th Airborne Division
operational capabilities, with over 8,000 soldiers engaged in
extreme cold weather training both in the interior and above the
Arctic Circle. The operations allowed the division to
collaborate with various community and tribal organizations,
enhancing its understanding of Arctic operations and
strengthening relationships with local communities. He expressed
commitment to exploring future training operations in this
regard. It is crucial to incorporate joint and foreign partners
into rotations to build interoperability and understand how cold
weather allies train and operate. As partnerships across the
Arctic and Indo-Pacific regions expand, he expressed
anticipation for growth in both the number and scale of these
collaborations, which poses a significant concern for the
Russian and Chinese governments, which are closely monitoring
the activities of this division in Alaska and globally.
4:17:43 PM
BRIGADIER GENERAL BURKE moved to slide 4 and spoke to
developments in the 11th Airborne Division:
[Original punctuation provided.]
Continuous Transformation
• Building capabilities Aligning Alaska's active-
duty aviation battalions under 11th ABN
• Delivering readiness
• Becoming a fully operational, deployable division
• Cultivating innovation Testing, creating, and
refining solutions to operating in extreme cold
• Experimenting and learning War Game in January
and Arctic Warfare Summit in March
BRIGADIER GENERAL BURKE stated that the division is continuously
transforming through various efforts, particularly in building
capabilities. The 11th Airborne Division is undergoing
significant changes aimed at informing the Army on how to best
align and equip forces to ensure readiness and combat
credibility. Improvements and refinements in the force structure
in Alaska are expected over the next several months. A notable
development will be the establishment of an Arctic Aviation
Command at Fort Wainwright, formalizing the command structure
for the two aviation battalions located there. Given the unique
and acute challenges faced by aviation units in Alaska, it is
essential for aviators to report directly to the 11th Airborne
Division rather than to units in Hawaii or Washington State. The
Army recognizes the increasing importance of these aviation
battalions to missions, and the division is excited to
officially assign them under its command. In pursuit of
innovation, the division is actively testing and creating
solutions to the challenges of operating in extreme cold weather
and mountainous terrain. The division is learning from Alaska
Natives, Arctic partner nations, and other military services to
refine equipment and procedures. Observing young soldiers adapt
to and overcome harsh weather conditions and difficult terrain
has been inspiring. With the conclusion of JPMRC, the division
is focused on capturing lessons learned to integrate into future
training events and support the Army's transformation efforts.
Recently, a board game exercise in Carlisle evaluated the
division's structure to identify resource requirements for
future operations. Last week, the division hosted its inaugural
Arctic Warfare Symposium at Fort Wainwright, fostering in-depth
discussions and knowledge exchanges with several allied and
partner nations.
4:21:00 PM
BRIGADIER GENERAL BURKE moved to slide 5 and detailed
construction in Fort Wainwright. He emphasized the critical
importance of the 11th Airborne Division to the Army. With the
assistance of congressional appropriations, the Army has
allocated significant funding to address pressing construction
needs. Key projects include a new child development center,
which will be the largest in the Army's inventory and will
feature additional space for indoor playtime. A new community
activity center and an aquatic center are in development and
targeted to open this fall. Additionally, plans are underway for
a new barracks and a fitness annex, including an indoor internet
facility. These investments are substantial and reflect the
Army's commitment to supporting soldiers stationed in Alaska.
4:21:53 PM
BRIGADIER GENERAL BURKE moved to slide 6 and explained soldier
readiness. He stated that the Army's ability to maintain a ready
combat formation is the number one priority, emphasizing that
caring for soldiers and their families underpins their continued
success. In response to Senator Dunbar's question regarding
suicide reduction across the force, he outlined the mission 100
program, which mandates that every soldier in the division
receives annual wellness counseling. This program focuses on
fostering positive connections, building cohesive teams, and
strengthening bonds between soldiers, their leaders, and their
families. This initiative has proven successful and aligns with
one of the Chief of Staff of the Army's top priorities:
strengthening the profession. To achieve this, the 11th Airborne
Division actively promotes esprit de corps through shared
experiences, such as participating in events like hiking Crow
Pass or conducting airborne operations, which help build
resilient and adaptive soldiers. He emphasized the importance of
involving families in the soldiers' experiences, citing a summer
event called "Spouse in B.E.E.," which mirrors the Army's Expert
Infantryman Badge and Expert Soldier Badge events. This event
saw hundreds of spouses and children engaging in activities like
races, map reading, reconnaissance, and calisthenics, providing
them with a glimpse of the skills soldiers develop.
4:23:53 PM
BRIGADIER GENERAL BURKE moved to slide 7 and expressed gratitude
for the opportunity to discuss the recent activities and
developments within the 11th Airborne Division. The division has
gained momentum over the past few years, especially since he
joined in July of last year. The division is currently
experiencing growth in both capacity and capability, setting a
positive trajectory for future initiatives.
4:24:24 PM
CO-CHAIR KAWASAKI mentioned that he represents the district
covering the Fort Wainwright installation. He spoke about the
activities at the base and the involvement of military families.
Significant progress was made with the construction of new
facilities and housing, particularly benefiting families who
relocated there. Reflecting on the past decade, he expressed
satisfaction with the improvements. He shared his experience
visiting the JPMRC, where personnel were tested in extreme cold,
reaching negative 50 degrees. The participation of Arctic nation
representatives included the Finns, Swedes, and Mongolians, some
of whom were unaccustomed to such cold.
4:25:33 PM
SENATOR SHOWER asked about efforts to address challenges faced
by military spouses when transferring their ability to work
after relocating to Alaska. He noted that this issue has made it
difficult for some military members to move to the state if
their spouse is unable to find employment. While some progress
has been made, including federal partnerships, he emphasized the
importance of continued feedback. He asked if improvements have
been made and wondered what further actions could be taken to
support military families, acknowledging that the well-being of
families plays a significant role in supporting military
members.
4:26:12 PM
BRIGADIER GENERAL BURKE acknowledged the significant impact of
efforts to streamline the process for military spouses to obtain
temporary licenses, describing it as incredibly helpful. As
progress is made toward permanent licensing, this has been a
game-changing development for spouses. The most positive inroads
have been made in this area and requested continued support and
further streamlining of the licensing process.
4:26:49 PM
CO-CHAIR KAWASAKI noted that he, Senator Shower, and Tammy
Peralta were instrumental in streamlining the licensing process
for military spouses. He mentioned that Representative Groh is
currently working on establishing a military Help Desk, a one-
stop shop to assist soldiers and their families as they
transition to life in Alaska. He invited Captain John Cole to
present an update for the U.S. Coast Guard.
4:27:54 PM
CAPTAIN JOHN COLE, Chief of Staff, District 17, U.S. Coast Guard
(USCG), Juneau, Alaska presented an update for the U.S. Coast
Guard (USCG). He mentioned that he is representing the district
commander, who was unable to attend the committee meeting. He
expressed gratitude for the opportunity to present an overview
of the Coast Guard's achievements, challenges, and priorities in
Alaska over the past year. He highlighted the dedication of the
Coast Guard personnel who work to protect the nation's maritime
interests and ensure the safety and security of Alaska's waters
and citizens. Throughout the year, the Coast Guard faced
numerous challenges, including natural disaster responses,
search and rescue missions, border protection, and maritime law
enforcement. He emphasized the critical role of collaboration,
noting their partnerships with 226 tribal partners, federal and
state agencies, military services such as Alaska Command, and
the Canadian Coast Guard and Department of Fisheries and Oceans.
By leveraging these partnerships, the Coast Guard continues to
support its mission of safeguarding the nation's maritime domain
in Alaska.
4:29:35 PM
CAPTAIN COLE moved to slide 2 and presented recent highlights
for USCG:
[Original punctuation provided.]
This past year, the Coast Guard in Alaska
• Saved/Assisted 1,013 Individuals
• Saved $71.5 M in Property
• Inspected 3,146 Vessels
• Inspected 400 Facilities
• Responded to 85 Oil Spills
CAPTAIN COLE spoke to the vital role USCG plays in ensuring the
safety and security of Alaska's waterways, particularly given
the state's challenging environment. Over the past year, the
Coast Guard in Alaska saved over 280 lives and assisted 730
individuals through 874 search and rescue missions. These
efforts demonstrate the dedication and skill of Coast Guard
personnel, who risk their lives to rescue those in distress on
the water and in remote areas. In addition to life-saving
missions, the Coast Guard helped protect over $71 million in
property from loss or damage. The Coast Guard's presence ensures
assistance for stranded vessels or those in peril from natural
disasters, and protects valuable resources. The Coast Guard also
plays a critical role in ensuring compliance with safety
regulations. Last year, the Coast Guard conducted 1,579
commercial fishing vessel exams and more than 1,500 commercial
vessel inspections across Alaska, helping prevent accidents and
marine casualties. Responding to oil spills is another key
mission. Alaska's pristine waters are environmentally sensitive,
and the Coast Guard responded to 85 oil spills last year,
minimizing environmental impact and protecting crucial habitats.
These statistics underscore the Coast Guard's commitment to
saving lives, protecting property, ensuring safety compliance,
and responding to environmental disasters.
4:31:44 PM
CAPTAIN COLE moved to slide 3 and spoke to noteworthy operations
in 2023. He stated that domestic fisheries enforcement and
search and rescue will remain foundational for the Coast Guard's
response efforts. The relevance of national security missions
has increased in Alaska's waters, with the operation of national
security cutters, aircraft, and icebreakers enhancing their
presence in the Arctic. One significant event was a Russian
naval missile exercise last fall within the U.S. exclusive
economic zone (EEZ) north of the international waters known as
the "donut hole." While such military operations are lawful in
international waters, the U.S. remains vigilant to protecting
its interests in the surrounding areas. On September 11, the
Coast Guard received a Russian navigational warning related to
missile operations in the Bering Sea. In response, the Coast
Guard promptly notified the domestic fishing fleet and
repositioned the cutter Kimball to the northern Bering Sea, near
U.S. fishing vessels operating in the area. During this event,
U.S. fishing vessels continued their legal operations in the
Bering Sea while the cutter was present, ensuring safety and
compliance. He discussed the Coast Guard's role in addressing an
incident involving the Panamanian-flagged vessel Genius Star 11,
which reported a fire in its cargo hold while transporting
lithium-ion batteries from Vietnam to San Diego. The fire
occurred several hundred miles off Dutch Harbor, which was
designated as the vessel's port for repairs. The Coast Guard
took critical actions, directing the vessel to remain offshore
while assessments were conducted to ensure all fires were
extinguished and no re-ignition hazards were present. A
firefighting team equipped with remote sensors confirmed the
fires were out, and a C-130 transported an inert gas generator
to the vessel for additional safety measures. A team of air
monitoring specialists was deployed from California to assess
atmospheric conditions. Once all hazards were mitigated in
coordination with local leadership, the vessel was allowed to
dock at the municipal pier in Alaska, where it repackaged all
damaged batteries in specialized containers to prevent future
incidents. Almost two months later, the Coast Guard certified
Genius Star 11 as compliant with all U.S. and flag state
regulations, allowing it to moor in San Diego on February 11.
This incident underscored the hazards of transporting new energy
technology across open oceans, but the Coast Guard's actions
demonstrated their capability to respond effectively to
emergencies in remote locations, ensuring the protection of
human life and the environment.
4:35:23 PM
CAPTAIN COLE moved to slide 4 and detailed investments in
Alaska:
[Original punctuation provided.]
Investing in Alaska
• MH-60 Helicopter Transition
• Fast Response Cutters
• $620 Million Allocated for Infrastructure
CAPTAIN COLE said Coast Guard operations in District 17 received
significant funding, with changes underway to enhance assets and
facilities. The district is redesigning its operational
footprint to integrate new assets and facilities effectively.
One key change involves Air Station Kodiak, which will divest
its fleet of four legacy MH-65 helicopters in 2024,
transitioning to the MH-60 helicopters. Training for new crews
on the MH-60 is already in progress, with the transition
expected to complete in 2025. This initiative aims to ensure
continuous and predictable operations across Alaska, drawing on
valuable lessons from previous transitions. This transition will
enhance rotary wing coverage in the Arctic, Prince William
Sound, and the Bering Sea. In the near term, it will enable Air
Station Kodiak to rapidly achieve full operational capability in
2025 with the addition of three new helicopters.
4:36:39 PM
CAPTAIN COLE said Alaska will benefit from the increased range
and de-icing capability of the helicopter, as well as the
integration of shore-based ship capable operations across the
state will improve operational availability and responsiveness.
The Coast Guard is also actively developing vessels for Arctic
operations, including the high-priority Polar Security Cutter
(PSC), which will be capable of heavy icebreaking in both the
Arctic and Antarctic, while other cutters operate seasonally in
non-ice conditions. The Home Porting Plan includes two patrol
boats in Kodiak, one in Seward, one in Sitka, and two in
Ketchikan. Every Coast Guard mission begins and ends at a shore
facility, so he expressed the importance of discussing major
infrastructure. Nearly $620 million in appropriations is aimed
at strengthening the Coast Guard's presence in Alaska. At Base
Kodiak, which is the operational hub in Alaska, over $400
million is being invested to enhance operational capabilities,
including a new fuel pier, vessel berths, housing, and utilities
and support services. These improvements will accommodate new
patrol boats and offshore patrol cutters, along with new housing
to enhance living conditions for Coast Guard personnel and their
families. In Seward and Sitka, the Coast Guard is designing and
constructing infrastructure necessary for the deployment of
patrol boats to support search and rescue, law enforcement, and
maritime security operations. The Commandant of the Coast Guard
is committed to home porting a commercially available icebreaker
in Juneau. While current facilities can accommodate such a ship
for short visits, home porting will require further investment.
The Coast Guard will continue to collaborate with the city of
Juneau to address the needs of service members, including
housing, medical care, and childcare for the hundreds of new
Coast Guard personnel expected to join the community.
4:39:08 PM
CAPTAIN COLE moved to slide 5 and spoke to workforce operations.
He addressed the competitive landscape for talent that the Coast
Guard faces, particularly in Alaska, where the service is
currently 10 percent below its authorized strengthone of the
largest workforce shortages in the Coast Guard's 233-year
history. While the shortage is expected to grow throughout 2024,
its impact in Alaska remains minimal, affecting only five
personnel. Efforts are underway to enhance recruiting and
retention, along with making risk-based adjustments to
operations to maintain mission delivery. Priorities include
life-saving missions, national security, and the protection of
the marine transportation system. Coast Guard personnel live and
work in nearly a dozen coastal Alaskan towns, experiencing the
same challenges faced by the communities they serve. The most
significant issues impacting service members and their families
in Alaska are access to affordable housing, adequate healthcare,
and quality education. He provided an update on a helicopter
crash that occurred on November 13, involving one of the MH-60
helicopters from Air Station Sitka, CG 6016, which crashed on
Reed Island during a nighttime search and rescue mission. All
four crew members on board were released from the hospital, and
he expressed gratitude for the rapid response and professional
skills demonstrated by the Alaska Wildlife Troopers and
Petersburg Fire and Rescue during this critical incident. He
reported that the Air Station Sitka has received a backfill
airframe and is now fully mission capable with its complete
complement of helicopters.
4:40:55 PM
CAPTAIN COLE moved to slide 6 and explained the importance of
partnerships. He expressed gratitude for the unwavering
dedication and commitment of Coast Guard personnel. The
partnerships established within the service and with tribal,
federal, defense, state, and international allies have been
instrumental in achieving goals and providing valuable services
to the maritime community across Alaska. Looking ahead, he
conveyed confidence that continued teamwork and resilience will
help navigate any challenges that may arise.
4:41:38 PM
CO-CHAIR KAWASAKI asked for a status update on the icebreaker
that was included in the recently passed congressional budget.
He asked if any additional information is available beyond what
was reported on MSNBC news.
4:41:49 PM
CAPTAIN COLE asked whether he is referring to the Polar Security
Cutter (PSC) or the commercial icebreaker.
4:41:55 PM
CO-CHAIR KAWASAKI clarified that he believes this is in
reference to the icebreaker related to the $1.2 trillion
congressional appropriations bill that just passed, which is not
the commercial icebreaker.
4:42:09 PM
CAPTAIN COLE replied that while he does not have all the details
for FY 24, the submission for FY 25 will be included in the
President's budget currently under consideration by U.S.
Congress. No funding has been submitted for this year because
the focus is on continuing the build of the PSC, which
represents a significant investment and is the first of its kind
for the U.S. since the early 1970s.
4:42:38 PM
CO-CHAIR KAWASAKI noted that Alaska has more coastline than the
rest of the country combined and noted that it covers a large
portion of territory.
4:43:03 PM
CO-CHAIR SHAW introduced Rear Admiral Mark Sucato, Commander of
the Navy Region Northwest. He invited him to present an update
for the Navy Region Northwest.
4:43:20 PM
REAR ADMIRAL MARK SUCATO, Commander, Navy Region Northwest,
Silverdale, Washington, presented an update for the Navy Region
Northwest. He expressed hope that his presence marks a new
beginning in revitalizing the Navy's relationship with Alaska.
4:44:15 PM
REAR ADMIRAL SUCATO moved to slide 2 and described Northwest
responsibilities:
[Original punctuation provided.]
Northwest Area of Responsibility
• 11 States
• Navy's third-largest fleet concentration area
• Puget Sound Navy presence since 1841
• 4 major installations, 16 Navy Operational
Support Centers, 79 sites
• 51 miles of installation shoreline
• 200+ supported commands, all states
• 79,323 Acres
• Socioeconomically infuses
• $13.5+ billion annually
REAR ADMIRAL SUCATO said the Navy's mission focuses on deterring
aggression, responding to crises, and engaging in high-end
maritime conflict, as demonstrated by recent events in the Black
Sea and Red Sea. With 90 percent of the world's trade
transported by sea, he emphasized the Navy's commitment to
preserving access to these critical global commons. Navy shore
facilities and installations in the northwestern U.S. include
nearly 100 installations, four of which are major sites around
Puget Sound, along with various reserve centers and 79 sites
throughout the region, including many in Alaska.
4:45:17 PM
REAR ADMIRAL SUCATO moved to slide 3 and spoke to operational
capabilities. He noted that all Navy operational forces, as
depicted on the slide, are stationed in the Pacific Northwest.
Within the past year, all of them have operated in Alaska. This
significant presence encompasses various forms of naval activity
over Alaskan waters and within its inland areas. He explained
the term "fleet concentration area," referring to the collection
of basins that are in reasonable proximity to each other. The
Pacific Northwest is home to the world's third-largest fleet
concentration area, consisting of approximately 45,000 service
members. He noted that the figures shown on the slide fluctuate
daily, underscoring the importance of this operational capacity
for the nation.
4:46:30 PM
REAR ADMIRAL SUCATO moved to slide 4 and spoke to the U.S.
Navy's presence in Alaska:
[Original punctuation provided.]
U.S. Navy in Alaska
The U.S. Navy continues to have a presence and
interest in Alaska, and regularly visits the
state and the Gulf of Alaska for various projects
and critical training activities.
• Biennial Northern Edge Exercise
• Gulf of Alaska Training
• Site remediation and clean-up work at several
former Navy sites in Alaska
• Community Engagement, Event Participation
o Alaska Marine Science Symposium, Jan. 29 -
Feb. 2, 2024
o Alaska Forum on the Environment, Feb. 5-9,
2024
o Next: ComFish, Apr. 11-12
REAR ADMIRAL SUCATO stated that the Navy maintains a consistent
yet subtle presence in Alaska. He cited the recent Chinese and
Russian incursions into U.S. waters in 2023, which prompted a
response from multiple Navy destroyers from the Pacific
Northwest. This capability allows naval forces, particularly
aircraft carriers, to transit vast distances quickly and project
power globally. He cited the northern edge exercise, supported
by Pacific Air Forces and other services, which took place in
the Gulf of Alaska and involved a significant number of aircraft
and vessels. Environmental considerations play a crucial role in
these operations, as the Gulf of Alaska is covered by the
Northwest Training Range Environmental Impact Statement. The
Navy has implemented a larger maneuver area to minimize
conflicts with fishing activities and has established additional
airspace and sea space restrictions regarding the use of
explosives and active sonar. He mentioned collaborative research
with the National Marine Fisheries Service to assess sonar's
effects on marine life, indicating that, aside from herring, no
significant effects were found. The Navy is also engaged in
environmental remediation of sites dating back to World War II
and the Cold War, including PFAS sites in the Northwest. He
spoke to the Navy's commitment to increasing its presence in
Alaska, noting participation in local events and a desire from
communities for more engagement and they have responded with
increased activity and visits. It recognizes Alaska's
significance to national and maritime interests, emphasizing
that the U.S. is a maritime country heavily reliant on trade and
ocean resources.
4:51:25 PM
SENATOR SHOWER acknowledged that most senior officers would
generally support increased funding and infrastructure if
affordable. However, he focused specifically on the northern
side of Alaska, particularly regarding discussions around
pipeline development and the potential for refueling facilities
as commercial traffic increases in Arctic waters. He noted the
constraints imposed by the current administration on development
and asked how the Navy views the establishment of such
facilities as strategic stop points for refueling, especially in
relation to patrolling the region and addressing the needs of
naval operations. He highlighted the importance of having these
facilities available for Navy ships, such as destroyers, that
require fuel for extended operations in the Arctic.
4:52:48 PM
REAR ADMIRAL SUCATO replied that it would depend on specific
components. However, the Navy's primary mission is to protect
U.S. interests in global trade routes, particularly as
environmental changes in the high north may increase trade along
northern Alaska. While the Navy does not currently have plans to
establish a base on the north side of Alaska, the potential for
increased operations in the area would necessitate logistical
support and the development of logistical hubs to ensure access
and security in these emerging trade routes.
4:53:47 PM
REPRESENTATIVE WRIGHT expressed satisfaction with the increased
Navy presence in Alaska and emphasized the state's significance.
His main question centered on whether the Navy plans to
establish a permanent home in Alaska.
4:54:07 PM
REAR ADMIRAL SUCATO replied that the Navy does not plan to
construct or rebuild a major installation in Alaska. While
existing ports serve as logistical hubs for ships and
submarines, the decision to establish a base would hinge on
evaluating the logistics involved and whether the benefits would
outweigh the costs. He emphasized that logistical efficiency is
a key consideration in such decisions.
4:55:07 PM
SENATOR SHOWER expressed the importance of addressing concerns
about nuclear power, particularly in the context of potential
micro nuclear reactors as power sources in Alaska. Drawing a
comparison to established nuclear technologies, he noted that
the Gerald R. Ford aircraft carrier operates with advanced
reactors capable of generating approximately 650 megawatts,
sufficient to power a significant area like South Central
Alaska. He emphasized that the Navy has safely operated nuclear
technology for a long time and urged military leaders to
communicate this safety record to Alaskans. He asked whether he
has any recommendations on informing Alaskans regarding nuclear
energy to alleviate fears and encourage the public to consider
it as a viable power source.
4:56:35 PM
REAR ADMIRAL SUCATO emphasized that the U.S. Navy boasts nearly
75 years of unblemished success and safety in operating nuclear
power. He assured that the technology and expertise necessary
for safe nuclear operations are well-established in the country.
The Navy continually trains personnel in these practices,
highlighting that the capability to utilize nuclear power safely
is firmly within America's reach.
4:57:14 PM
CO-CHAIR SHAW noted that Rear Admiral Sucato has a son in line
to soon earn his Navy SEAL Trident. He stated that this
continuation of service within the family is recognized and
highly valued.
4:57:33 PM
CO-CHAIR KAWASAKI inquired about the ongoing discussions
regarding the importation of LNG to South Central Alaska,
specifically about the potential vulnerabilities associated with
sourcing it. He questioned the feasibility of obtaining
liquefied natural gas (LNG) from the spot market or other
sources within the Pacific Rim, seeking any comments on this
matter.
4:58:03 PM
REAR ADMIRAL SUCATO replied that he does not have a specific
opinion on the importation of LNG since it is not a topic that
he is personally familiar with.
4:58:29 PM
CO-CHAIR KAWASAKI invited Major General Torrence Saxe to present
an update for the Army National Guard and DMVA.
4:59:04 PM
MAJOR GENERAL TORRENCE SAXE, Adjutant General, Alaska National
Guard, Fort Richardson, Alaska, presented an update for the
Alaska National Guard and DMVA. He presented a video that
explained the mission of the Army National Guard.
5:02:40 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 35 and discussed Alaska
National Guard's recruiting and retention efforts. He noted that
the retention rate is healthy at approximately 95 to 98 percent.
While acknowledging the importance of maintaining personnel, he
emphasized pride in the current management of soldiers and
airmen. Addressing past concerns regarding sexual assault and
organizational culture, he stated that significant changes have
been made, with a focus on accountability throughout the command
structure. He emphasized that it is everyone's responsibility in
the chain of command to address issues promptly and support
affected individuals and families. Regarding 24/7 missions, he
expressed the need for support as certain active guard reserve
positions may be at risk, which could impact the capacity to
conduct critical operations like civilian search and rescue in
Western Alaska. He highlighted the unique role of the Alaska
National Guard, which maintains nearly all 24/7 missions, except
for fighter operations. He underscored the urgency of the
situation and the importance of support from the community and
leadership to ensure the continuity of these essential missions.
5:05:04 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 36 and spoke to an image
comparing Chinese and American forces in 1999. He noted that the
presentation materials were not intended to create alarm but to
convey his concerns regarding security dynamics in Alaska,
particularly in relation to OPACOM and Northern Command. He
noted the complexity of the command structure, with sometimes
two four-star generals responsible for the state, raising
questions about whether missions are considered home or away. To
illustrate his point, he presented a graphic comparing the state
of American and Chinese forces in 1999, with American forces
represented in blue and Chinese forces in red. He indicated that
this comparison serves to highlight the significant changes in
military capabilities and positioning since the late 1990s.
5:05:39 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 37 and spoke to an image
comparing Chinese and American forces at present. He emphasized
that while the presentation does not include allies, it is
crucial to recognize the dramatic changes in the security
landscape. The fundamental question regarding Alaska is whether
it serves primarily as a launching pad to the west or as a
defensive position, asserting that it should fulfill both roles.
He acknowledged the widespread belief that Alaska is the most
strategically significant location on the planet, agreeing with
this sentiment. To illustrate the importance of this
perspective, he referenced the 2018 Anchorage earthquake,
questioning the purpose of the Port of Anchoragewhether to
evacuate people or to facilitate essential supplies like baby
formula. He stressed the need for ongoing discussions at all
levels about the true purpose of Alaska, highlighting the
necessity of defending its residents as a priority that deserves
greater focus.
5:06:40 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 38 and spoke to an image
comparing projected Chinese and American forces in 2025. He
pointed out the dramatic changes depicted in the slide dated
2025, emphasizing that these developments are imminent. He
stated that while he does not intend to be alarmist, he aims to
illustrate the evolving security situation within their area of
responsibility, noting an increase in both conventional and
unconventional aircraft. The National Guard plays a significant
role in national security, particularly regarding potential
threats from Russia, China, and North Korea. Much of the nuclear
chain of command would involve National Guardsmen, with
operations tied to clear communication and coordination between
various centers, including a warning center in Colorado and Fort
Greely. He remarked on the unusual nature of such close
operational definitions for a National Guard, illustrating the
critical responsibilities they hold in these security dynamics.
5:07:36 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 14 and explained a possible
mission scenario. He referenced General Nahom's remarks
regarding the possibility of a Russian incursion, noting that
such events occur frequently. Nearly the entire operational
chain for Alaska Command in NORTHCOM would fall under a National
Guard mission in such scenarios. He underscored the seriousness
of the situation, asserting the importance of ensuring the
National Guard's capability to continue its missions effectively
for the state's security.
5:07:59 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 15 and showcased deployment
locations on a map. He noted that many individuals in the state
are often surprised to learn that the National Guard does, in
fact, deploy. To illustrate this, he presented a map
demonstrating the various locations to which both the Army and
Air Force components of the National Guard have been deployed
over the years. On any given day, there are typically dozens to
hundreds of personnel from the National Guard outside the state
on deployments, underscoring the breadth of their operational
commitment.
5:08:27 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slides 16 - 17 and spoke to rural
operations and recruitment in Alaska. He emphasized the
importance of having operational capabilities throughout Alaska,
so the National Guard reflects the state's diverse communities.
Recruiting from all areas is crucial to achieve this goal. He
provided an example of the response to Typhoon Murbach,
highlighting that local residents were the first to respond
effectively. He stressed the need for troops to be stationed in
various locations to ensure quick response times in emergencies.
Additionally, he shared images of a commissary run in Bethel,
illustrating outreach efforts to veterans in remote areas, which
have positively impacted recruitment. New recruits from western
Alaska represent a bright spot in their recruitment efforts. The
National Guard's response to Typhoon Murbach marked the largest
off-road response in Alaska in about four decades. The mission
involved extensive helicopter use across numerous small
communities, fostering connections between Alaskans. Feedback
from local residents was overwhelmingly positive, with two key
messages: gratitude for the National Guard's presence and
surprise at the amount of food the troops eat.
5:10:36 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 18 and explained the pay
structure. He emphasized the importance of prioritizing the
troops, noting that while pay has improved, there is always room
for further enhancement. The pay section has expanded from two
to six personnel to better serve the needs of the troops. He
stressed the significance of maintaining a strong command team
dedicated to ensuring timely payment and overall troop welfare.
Acknowledging the transient nature of military service, he
conveyed that the lasting legacy should focus on understanding
the mission: the commitment to serve the troops, not just
personal ambitions.
5:11:18 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 19 and highlighted key
developments over the past year, with a focus on female
veterans. He said Women's Veterans Day, celebrated in 2023 and
set to return in 2024, marks a significant initiative. A major
accomplishment was the renaming of Alaska's Veteran's Affairs
(VA) clinic to honor Colonel Rasmussen. With approximately
10,000 female veterans in the state, and around 6,000 receiving
services from the CDA alone, there is a strong commitment to
enhancing support for this demographic. Notably, the Alaska VA
clinic is distinguished by having a sexual trauma unit, making
it the only one of its kind in the nation, reinforcing the
dedication to assisting those in need.
5:12:13 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slides 20 - 21 and announced the
recent dedication of the Bethel Armory in honor of a retired
National Guardsman, a prominent community leader known for his
significant contributions over the years. He spoke to the
importance of building connections across the state and said
that it's crucial for him and his team to establish
relationships before a crisis arises, rather than introducing
themselves during one. He reflected on his visit to Bethel five
years ago, highlighting the positive impact the individual has
had on the community and the state.
5:12:53 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 22 and recounted his earlier
visit to Kodiak, where he honored Daniel Harmon, a soldier who
served as a long-range reconnaissance patrol infantryman during
the Vietnam War. He shared the story of his bravery during an
ambush, where, despite being shot, he heroically rescued a
fellow soldier, ensuring that individual survived. The soldier's
legacy lives on through his son, who was present at the
emotional event attended by approximately 30 family members at
the Kodiak armory. He expressed gratitude for the sacrifices Mr.
Harmon made and the contributions of his family throughout the
years.
5:13:49 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 23 and spoke to a historical
rescue operation from 1955, where a Navy plane encountered two
Russian fighters near Gamble. After being fired upon, the plane
caught fire and crashed due to the lack of a runway. The crew
and local Alaska scouts witnessed the incident, which resulted
in a significant fireball. Despite the danger of Russian
aircraft flying overhead, the scouts bravely commandeered boats
to launch a rescue mission. They successfully saved 11 surviving
crew members and transported them back to Gamble, eventually
bringing them to Elmendorf for medical attention. He highlighted
the courage and quick action of those involved in the rescue
operation.
5:14:34 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE moved to slide 24 and recognized Corporal
Bruce Boolowong, the last remaining member of the crew involved
in the 1955 rescue operation. He noted that the heroism
displayed by Captain Boolowong and his fellow crew members was
honored with a personal medal presentation. He emphasized the
importance of sharing these stories to recognize the sacrifices
of those who came before and contributed to their current
circumstances.
5:15:14 PM
REPRESENTATIVE ALLARD mentioned the estimated number of women
registered with the VA is about 3,000 and requested that the
office verify this information.
5:15:21 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAX replied that he was informed today that the
number of registered women is 6,000 but offered to verify this
statistic.
5:15:44 PM
SENATOR SHOWER asked about the potential of the KC-46 and F-35
moving forward with the National Guard.
5:15:52 PM
MAJOR GENERAL SAXE stated the National Guard would not be going
into the fighter business and is currently at capacity with 24/7
missions. He expressed appreciation for the strong relationship
with active-duty personnel, emphasizing mutual respect and
teamwork. Addressing the future of the KC-46, he highlighted the
need for this aircraft, likening the current tankers to driving
an 80-year-old car in Alaska. He cited an initiative to maintain
the KC-135 until 2060, while also striving to incorporate the
KC-46 into their operations through a Total Force Initiative
(TFI). He noted that this effort has been on his professional
agenda since stepping into his previous role as Commander for
the 168th Wing at Eielson AFB. He suggested that residents in
the Fairbanks area are often knowledgeable about the KC-46. He
recalled the potential BRAC discussions from years past, noting
the overall supportive attitude towards the military throughout
the entire state.
5:18:11 PM
CO-CHAIR KAWASAKI remarked that this is likely the first time a
representative from the Navy has presented before the committee.
He expressed a desire to see more Navy presentations in the
future.
5:19:13 PM
There being no further business to come before the committee,
Co-Chair Kawasaki adjourned the Joint Armed Services Committee
meeting at 5:19 p.m.
| Document Name | Date/Time | Subjects |
|---|---|---|
| JASC Army and Coast Guard Mar 2024.pdf |
JASC 3/26/2024 3:15:00 PM |
|
| JASC Navy NW and AKNG Mar 2024.pdf |
JASC 3/26/2024 3:15:00 PM |
|
| Ted Stevens Center Overview Slides- Juneau.pdf |
JASC 3/26/2024 3:15:00 PM |
|
| ALCOM JASC 2024 Presentation.pdf |
JASC 3/26/2024 3:15:00 PM |