Legislature(1999 - 2000)

02/03/2000 03:40 PM House FIN

Audio Topic
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
txt
GENERAL SUBJECT(S): High School Graduation Qualifying Exit                                                                      
Exam                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
The following overview was taken in log note format.  Tapes                                                                     
and handouts will be on file with the House Finance                                                                             
Committee through the 21st Legislative Session, contact 465-                                                                    
2156. After the 21st Legislative Session they will be                                                                           
available through the Legislative Library at 465-3808.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Time Meeting Convened: 3:40 p.m.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
Tape(s): HFC Tape 00-24, Side 1                                                                                                 
  HFC Tape 00-24, Side 2                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
PRESENT: HOUSE FINANCE                                                                                                          
COMMITTEE MEMBERS                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
X                                                                                                                               
Representative G. Davis                                                                                                         
X                                                                                                                               
Co-Chair Therriault                                                                                                             
Absent                                                                                                                          
Representative Foster                                                                                                           
X                                                                                                                               
Co-Chair Mulder                                                                                                                 
Absent                                                                                                                          
Representative Grussendorf                                                                                                      
X                                                                                                                               
Vice Chair Bunde                                                                                                                
Absent                                                                                                                          
Representative Moses                                                                                                            
Absent                                                                                                                          
Representative Austerman                                                                                                        
Absent                                                                                                                          
Representative Phillips                                                                                                         
X                                                                                                                               
Representative J. Davies                                                                                                        
X                                                                                                                               
Representative Williams                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
PRESENT: HESS COMMITTEE                                                                                                         
MEMBERS                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
X                                                                                                                               
Representative Dyson                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
X                                                                                                                               
Representative Whitaker                                                                                                         
X                                                                                                                               
Representative Green                                                                                                            
Absent                                                                                                                          
Representative Morgan                                                                                                           
X                                                                                                                               
Representative Brice                                                                                                            
X                                                                                                                               
Representative Kemplen                                                                                                          
X                                                                                                                               
Representative Coghill                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
ALSO PRESENT: Dr. Nicholas Stayrook, Director, Program Planning and                                                             
Evaluation, Fairbanks North Star Borough School District; Richard                                                               
Cross, Commissioner, Department of Education and Early Development                                                              
                                                                                                                                
LOG                                                                                                                             
SPEAKER                                                                                                                         
DISCUSSION                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
TAPE HFC 00 - 24                                                                                                                
SIDE 1                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
29                                                                                                                              
Co-Chair Mulder                                                                                                                 
Convened the meeting at 3:40 p.m. and                                                                                           
noted that questions regarding the exit                                                                                         
exam were raised during the 1/19/00                                                                                             
meeting of the House Finance Committee.                                                                                         
42                                                                                                                              
RICHARD CROSS,                                                                                                                  
COMMISSIONER,                                                                                                                   
DEPARTMENT OF                                                                                                                   
EDUCATION AND EARLY                                                                                                             
DEVELOPMENT                                                                                                                     
Introduced Dr. Stayrook.                                                                                                        
65                                                                                                                              
DR. NICHOLAS                                                                                                                    
STAYROOK, DIRECTOR,                                                                                                             
PROGRAM PLANNING AND                                                                                                            
EVALUATION,                                                                                                                     
FAIRBANKS NORTH STAR                                                                                                            
BOROUGH SCHOOL                                                                                                                  
DISTRICT                                                                                                                        
Provided members with a copy of AS                                                                                              
14.03.075 and a handout, Setting the                                                                                            
Passing Score on the High School                                                                                                
Graduation Qualifying Exam. He noted that                                                                                       
legislation relating to the exam was                                                                                            
enacted in 1987.                                                                                                                
115                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Observed that students must pass a                                                                                              
competency test in reading, writing, and                                                                                        
math. Students that fail the exam may be                                                                                        
reexamined up to 3 years after they are                                                                                         
no longer in attendance.                                                                                                        
121                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Observed that there are three major                                                                                             
issues: What should be on the test; How                                                                                         
will the students be assessed; and how                                                                                          
will the passing point be set.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
Emphasized that setting the passing score                                                                                       
is critical                                                                                                                     
159                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
He observed that Alaskans passed the law,                                                                                       
developed the standards and selected the                                                                                        
tests. Alaskans will also set the passing                                                                                       
score.                                                                                                                          
167                                                                                                                             
Representative                                                                                                                  
Williams                                                                                                                        
How do the questions reflect Alaska's                                                                                           
cultural differences?                                                                                                           
190                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Test questions were reviewed by Alaskans                                                                                        
to determine if standards are being met                                                                                         
by the questions. The questions are not                                                                                         
unique to Alaska. The questions were also                                                                                       
reviewed by various cultural groups,                                                                                            
which looked to see that they were                                                                                              
appropriate to Alaska. Questions that                                                                                           
could cause misunderstandings in the                                                                                            
state of Alaska were excluded.                                                                                                  
234                                                                                                                             
Representative Brice                                                                                                            
Noted that a national firm has reviewed                                                                                         
the test. He observed that "English" was                                                                                        
not used in the statute.                                                                                                        
248                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Explained that the "reading" and                                                                                                
"writing" were used to narrow the scope.                                                                                        
Maintained that "English" carried a                                                                                             
broader interpretation.                                                                                                         
269                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Discussed page 3 of the handout.                                                                                                
Performance standards were written in                                                                                           
1998 and form the basis for the tests.                                                                                          
277                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
CTB/McGraw-Hill was selected as the                                                                                             
contractor. He noted that CTB/McGraw-Hill                                                                                       
has previous experience with exit exams.                                                                                        
280                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Tests were reviewed by Alaskans to assure                                                                                       
that the content was matched to                                                                                                 
standards, the questions were culturally                                                                                        
appropriate to Alaska and that the                                                                                              
technical quality was adequate.                                                                                                 
285                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that a statewide field test was                                                                                           
done in March 1999. Discussed the field                                                                                         
test. The field test was reviewed to                                                                                            
identify questions with the highest                                                                                             
quality and the least bias and to assure                                                                                        
adequate coverage of standards.                                                                                                 
302                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that field tests were not scored.                                                                                         
The field test helped to discern test                                                                                           
time. The average time needed for the                                                                                           
test was 2 hours. The field test found                                                                                          
that the tests were too long at the third                                                                                       
grade level.                                                                                                                    
320                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
CTB/McGraw-Hill looked at other states.                                                                                         
It was determined that it would be a                                                                                            
paper and pencil test with a collection                                                                                         
of questions. There are two formats;                                                                                            
multiple-choice questions (about 2/3rds)                                                                                        
and open-ended questions (about 1/3 rd).                                                                                        
He noted that human beings are needed to                                                                                        
score open-ended questions. These are                                                                                           
used in the writing tests. The tests are                                                                                        
untimed.                                                                                                                        
350                                                                                                                             
Co-Chair Mulder                                                                                                                 
Noted that computations will be shown. He                                                                                       
questioned if a value will be given to                                                                                          
the demonstration of computations                                                                                               
357                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Observed that if an answer is wrong that                                                                                        
partial credit can still be given for                                                                                           
correctly setting up the question.                                                                                              
368                                                                                                                             
Co-Chair Therriault                                                                                                             
Asked what is looked for in the writing                                                                                         
evaluation.                                                                                                                     
370                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Explained that all aspects of their                                                                                             
writing will be reviewed. Topic sentence,                                                                                       
well-formed paragraphs, and the whole                                                                                           
ability to write will be reviewed.                                                                                              
Students will have to fix spelling                                                                                              
mistakes                                                                                                                        
380                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Tests are going to be given under                                                                                               
standardized conditions, on the same day.                                                                                       
388                                                                                                                             
Representative Dyson                                                                                                            
The tests will be altered after each time                                                                                       
they are administered.                                                                                                          
390                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Each time a test is given the majority of                                                                                       
the questions used will be new; a few                                                                                           
questions will be retained for                                                                                                  
comparisons. The state contracted with                                                                                          
CTB/McGraw-Hill for three forms. In 2001                                                                                        
new tests will have to be developed.                                                                                            
400                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Tests are untimed. Scoring will be                                                                                              
simple. Students will be given 1 point                                                                                          
for every multiple-choice question that                                                                                         
is answered correctly. Open-ended                                                                                               
questions will be graded and students can                                                                                       
earn from 0-6 points on each open-ended                                                                                         
question. The total score is the sum of                                                                                         
all scores. Wrong answers do not result                                                                                         
in a loss of points.                                                                                                            
412                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Observed that a range of scores from high                                                                                       
to low will be used to determine the                                                                                            
passing point.                                                                                                                  
416                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Discussed the use of "bookmaking" to set                                                                                        
the cut point. He emphasized that the                                                                                           
passing score could be set today. He                                                                                            
maintained that the test must look toward                                                                                       
the future; what is the desired level of                                                                                        
competency? Pointed out that an                                                                                                 
independent standard is being created.                                                                                          
Discussed different methods of assessing                                                                                        
the cut point.                                                                                                                  
435                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that percentage scoring does not                                                                                          
take into consideration the difficulty of                                                                                       
the test. He stressed that the level of                                                                                         
difficulty needs to be addressed. Noted                                                                                         
that the passage rate could be                                                                                                  
manipulated with percentage scoring.                                                                                            
448                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Discussed the Angoff method developed in                                                                                        
1971.                                                                                                                           
453                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
The bookmark method was developed in                                                                                            
1995. He pointed out that other states                                                                                          
have had good results with bookmarking.                                                                                         
464                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Discussed the procedure that will be used                                                                                       
to set the bookmark. Twenty-one                                                                                                 
participants will be needed for each                                                                                            
content area. They will have no knowledge                                                                                       
of how well students scored. They will be                                                                                       
divided into 3 groups. The passing score                                                                                        
will be completely independent of the                                                                                           
today's students' level of competency.                                                                                          
476                                                                                                                             
Representative                                                                                                                  
Williams                                                                                                                        
Asked if the 21 participants used to                                                                                            
bookmark the test will change each year                                                                                         
480                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
No. Explained that it is not necessary to                                                                                       
redo the passing score unless the test is                                                                                       
changed. The passing score will apply to                                                                                        
every version.                                                                                                                  
490                                                                                                                             
Representative Green                                                                                                            
Would it be possible for students to know                                                                                       
the questions?                                                                                                                  
500                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
The test is not available to teachers                                                                                           
prior to the test. Teachers must sign                                                                                           
affidavits for security purposes. Action                                                                                        
will be taken for cheating.                                                                                                     
510                                                                                                                             
Vice Chair Bunde                                                                                                                
Maintained that in teaching to the                                                                                              
subject of the test the standards would                                                                                         
be covered.                                                                                                                     
515                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that school districts are required                                                                                        
to adopt regulations to incorporate                                                                                             
standards. Emphasized the importance of                                                                                         
teaching to the test in order to align                                                                                          
the curriculum.                                                                                                                 
530                                                                                                                             
Vice Chair Bunde                                                                                                                
What happens to students that are caught                                                                                        
cheating?                                                                                                                       
531                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Answered that students caught cheating                                                                                          
would be dismissed from that day's test.                                                                                        
They would have to take the test at the                                                                                         
next administration. Testing intervals                                                                                          
are about 6 months.                                                                                                             
537                                                                                                                             
Representative Brice                                                                                                            
Who are the 21 participants that will do                                                                                        
the bookmarking?                                                                                                                
549                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Discussed the criteria for persons                                                                                              
participating in bookmarking. Observed                                                                                          
that 2/3 thirds are expected to be                                                                                              
teachers that are experts in their area.                                                                                        
551                                                                                                                             
Representative Green                                                                                                            
Noted that other states have found that                                                                                         
tests were too tough and have lowered                                                                                           
their standards.                                                                                                                
560                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that participants will make a                                                                                             
judgement as they work through the                                                                                              
questions. The judgement is should a high                                                                                       
school graduate be expected to have this                                                                                        
knowledge. The questions will have                                                                                              
already been reviewed before this point.                                                                                        
570                                                                                                                             
Representative Brice                                                                                                            
Questioned if all the questions reflect                                                                                         
standards, should they not be correctly                                                                                         
answered.                                                                                                                       
584                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that questions will vary in their                                                                                         
difficulty. The bookmark method's                                                                                               
innovation is determining the difficulty                                                                                        
of the question through the ordered item                                                                                        
booklet.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
*TAPE CHANGE, HFC                                                                                                               
00-24, SIDE 2                                                                                                                   
(*Note tape numbers run backwards.)                                                                                             
595                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Discussed the ordered item booklet shown                                                                                        
on page 8 of the handout. This shows the                                                                                        
level of difficulty per question.                                                                                               
585                                                                                                                             
Vice Chair Bunde                                                                                                                
Expressed concern that the time between                                                                                         
the test and results can be stressful for                                                                                       
students. How can the student's comfort                                                                                         
be assured?                                                                                                                     
577                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that he would like to start testing                                                                                       
in the summer. Pointed out that the                                                                                             
passing score is critical. The process is                                                                                       
delayed until after the first                                                                                                   
administration. The scoring will take 2                                                                                         
months for the ordered booklet. The total                                                                                       
process will take longer (Sept). In the                                                                                         
future results will take 2 months.                                                                                              
Students would have 4 months for                                                                                                
counseling before the next test is                                                                                              
administered.                                                                                                                   
555                                                                                                                             
Representative J.                                                                                                               
Davies                                                                                                                          
Clarified that there will be three                                                                                              
separate sections.                                                                                                              
549                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that a different group will score                                                                                         
each area.                                                                                                                      
544                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Discussed ordering of the tests. The                                                                                            
place that the bookmark is put on the                                                                                           
ordered item booklet determines the cut                                                                                         
score.                                                                                                                          
531                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Discussed the 3-day workshop that the                                                                                           
bookmarking participants will attend.                                                                                           
Groups will be divided into three groups.                                                                                       
Participants will study each item,                                                                                              
scoring guides, and the standards. They                                                                                         
will set bookmarks three different times.                                                                                       
The groups will come back together. Each                                                                                        
round comes closer to a single cut point.                                                                                       
This way a consensus is built.                                                                                                  
507                                                                                                                             
Representative J.                                                                                                               
Davies                                                                                                                          
Questioned what would happen if all of                                                                                          
the questions were difficult.                                                                                                   
502                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that the level of difficulty was                                                                                          
known at the time the questions were                                                                                            
chosen. Easy and hard questions were                                                                                            
selected for each standard.                                                                                                     
490                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Pointed out that participants don't have                                                                                        
to guess the difficulty of the questions.                                                                                       
Maintained that bookmarking assures the                                                                                         
elimination of inconsistencies.                                                                                                 
473                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that bookmarking is considered the                                                                                        
best method for establishing a passing                                                                                          
score because it has withstood legal                                                                                            
challenges. States that have used                                                                                               
traditional methods are requesting                                                                                              
bookmarking.                                                                                                                    
465                                                                                                                             
Vice Chair Bunde                                                                                                                
Noted that students that do not pass are                                                                                        
eligible for a certificate of attendance.                                                                                       
Asked if it would be more appropriate to                                                                                        
be a certificate of achievement.                                                                                                
450                                                                                                                             
Commissioner Cross                                                                                                              
Noted that there is a discussion                                                                                                
regarding recognition of achievement. Did                                                                                       
not know how much flexibility the                                                                                               
department would have under the law.                                                                                            
Acknowledged the need to recognize                                                                                              
achievements even if students do not meet                                                                                       
standards.                                                                                                                      
438                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Observed that there is interest in                                                                                              
providing some type of award for merit to                                                                                       
students that have persevered through the                                                                                       
four years, but were unable to pass the                                                                                         
exam. He will be working with department                                                                                        
on this issue.                                                                                                                  
421                                                                                                                             
Commissioner Cross                                                                                                              
In response to a question by Vice Chair                                                                                         
Bunde, Commissioner Cross noted that a                                                                                          
high school diploma could not be given if                                                                                       
a student does not pass the exam, but                                                                                           
allowed that recognition could be given,                                                                                        
as long as the certificate does not say                                                                                         
it is a diploma.                                                                                                                
390                                                                                                                             
Representative                                                                                                                  
Kemplen                                                                                                                         
Referred to the Ordered Item Booklet. He                                                                                        
asked what percentage of students is                                                                                            
expected to pass the test.                                                                                                      
388                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Explained that the results are                                                                                                  
independent of a percentage. The level of                                                                                       
competency is being set not the                                                                                                 
percentage of students that pass. Cut                                                                                           
scores will apply for future versions                                                                                           
until the nature of the test is changed.                                                                                        
351                                                                                                                             
Representative                                                                                                                  
Kemplen                                                                                                                         
He asked why it was necessary to have                                                                                           
more difficult questions on the exam.                                                                                           
346                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Answered that while it was possible to                                                                                          
excel in one area such as reading, other                                                                                        
areas could be weak. By having high                                                                                             
standards in one area, a student could                                                                                          
show higher skills and score higher                                                                                             
overall.                                                                                                                        
328                                                                                                                             
Commissioner Cross                                                                                                              
Noted that some students may find                                                                                               
questions below the line harder than                                                                                            
those that are above the line may.                                                                                              
Emphasized that student differences must                                                                                        
be acknowledged.                                                                                                                
300                                                                                                                             
Representative                                                                                                                  
Kemplen                                                                                                                         
Questioned if a student that passed 2                                                                                           
portions of the exam and failed one could                                                                                       
pass if they achieved high scores on the                                                                                        
two sections that were passed.                                                                                                  
297                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
No, students must pass all three sections                                                                                       
of the test.                                                                                                                    
294                                                                                                                             
Representative Green                                                                                                            
Questioned if the bookmark would be                                                                                             
lowered if only 1 out of 7 students pass.                                                                                       
284                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
He spoke against changing the bookmark.                                                                                         
He noted that the competency level is                                                                                           
being set. He felt that they must find                                                                                          
ways of assuring education focuses on the                                                                                       
standards. Pointed out that remedial                                                                                            
courses have not been designed yet. This                                                                                        
is a high school graduation exam. He                                                                                            
noted that 10th graders are not expected                                                                                        
to pass. This allows students to have                                                                                           
numerous opportunities to focus on their                                                                                        
areas of need. He concluded that the                                                                                            
standard should not be lowered.                                                                                                 
256                                                                                                                             
Commissioner Cross                                                                                                              
Stressed that the test would be                                                                                                 
reevaluated if they felt the  bookmark                                                                                          
was wrongly placed.                                                                                                             
248                                                                                                                             
Green                                                                                                                           
Questioned if a low percentage of passing                                                                                       
students would indicate that there is a                                                                                         
lot of work to do or that there is                                                                                              
something wrong with the test.                                                                                                  
234                                                                                                                             
Commissioner Cross                                                                                                              
It could be either. Experts would have to                                                                                       
be consulted to determine if the test was                                                                                       
at fault.                                                                                                                       
225                                                                                                                             
Representative Brice                                                                                                            
What accommodations will be made for                                                                                            
students that cannot pass the test?                                                                                             
218                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Noted that the department has produced                                                                                          
guidelines and provided example                                                                                                 
questions. He noted that an Individual                                                                                          
Education Plan for special education                                                                                            
students would be used.                                                                                                         
192                                                                                                                             
Representative G.                                                                                                               
Davis                                                                                                                           
How will tests fit with General                                                                                                 
Educational Development Diplomas (GED)?                                                                                         
171                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
Pointed out that the GED is an                                                                                                  
independent national program. The                                                                                               
opportunity to obtain a GED will remain.                                                                                        
158                                                                                                                             
Vice Chair Bunde                                                                                                                
Noted that officials indicated that the                                                                                         
GED is a harder test.                                                                                                           
142                                                                                                                             
Dr. Stayrook                                                                                                                    
In response to a question by                                                                                                    
Representative J. Davies, Dr. Stayrook                                                                                          
explained that the contractor has                                                                                               
national experience.                                                                                                            
128                                                                                                                             
Representative Dyson                                                                                                            
ADJOURNMENT                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
The meeting was adjourned at 5:10 p.m.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
JOINT HOUSE FINANCE AND HESS COMMITTEES                                                                                         
LOG NOTES                                                                                                                       
February 3,2000                                                                                                                 
House Finance Committee 8 02/03/00                                                                                              

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