Legislature(1995 - 1996)
02/28/1995 09:15 AM House ECD
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* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
HOUSE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
February 28, 1995
9:15 a.m.
MEMBERS PRESENT
Representative Jerry Sanders, Chairman
Representative Norman Rokeberg
Representative Vic Kohring
Representative Ed Willis
Representative Eileen MacLean
MEMBERS ABSENT
Representative Pete Kelly
Representative Carl E. Moses, Vice Chairman
COMMITTEE CALENDAR
Overview of the Coal Industry
WITNESS REGISTER
JOHN SHIVELY, Commissioner
Department of Natural Resources
400 Willoughby Avenue
Juneau, Alaska 99801-1796
Telephone: 465-2400
POSITION STATEMENT: Commented on the coal industry in Alaska
GABRIELLE LAROCHE, Section Chief
Resource Development
Department of Commerce & Economic Development
P.O. Box 110804
Juneau, Alaska 99801-0804
Telephone: 465-5467
POSITION STATEMENT: Gave an overview of the coal industry and
the department's involvement
ROBERT B. STILES, President
Alaska Coal Association
DRven Corporation
711 H Street, Suite 600
Anchorage, Alaska 99501
Telephone: 276-6868
POSITION STATEMENT: Gave an overview on coal reserves in
Alaska
CHARLIE GREEN, Assistant to the Vice President for Marketing
Usibelli Coal Mine
P.O. Box 71805
Fairbanks, Alaska 99707
Telephone: 452-2625
POSITION STATEMENT: Gave an overview of the Healy Clean Coal
Project
WARRICK WILSON
Alaska Coal Water Fuel, Inc.
12212 Old Glenn Highway, Suite 8
Eagle River, Alaska 99577
Telephone: 696-4775
POSITION STATEMENT: Gave an overview on the Alaskan Low-Rank
Coal-Water Fuel Project
KATE LAMAL, Environmental Offices
Golden Valley Electric Association
Box 71249
Fairbanks, Alaska 99707-1249
Telephone: 452-1151 Fax: 451-5638
POSITION STATEMENT: Commented on the user group issues involved
in the industry
TERESA IMM, Project Manager
Arctic Slope Regional Association
6700 Arctic Spur Road
Anchorage, Alaska 99518-1550
Telephone: 349-5148 Fax: 349-4213
POSITION STATEMENT: Commented on Western Arctic Coal
JOHN SIMMS, Vice President, Marketing
Usibelli Coal Marketing
122 lst Avenue, Suite 302
Fairbanks, Alaska 99701
Telephone: 452-2625 Fax: 451-6543
POSITION STATEMENT: Commented on constraints with regard to
domestic U.S. use of Alaskan coal
CHARLIE BODDY
Usibelli Coal Marketing
122 lst Avenue, Suite 302
Fairbanks, Alaska 99701
Telephone: 452-2625 Fax: 451-6543
POSITION STATEMENT: Commented on the Alaska coal policy
ACTION NARRATIVE
TAPE 95-2, SIDE A
Number 000
CHAIRMAN JERRY SANDERS called the House Special Committee on
Economic Development to order at 9:15 a.m. Representatives
Sanders, Kohring, and Rokeberg were present. Representatives
Moses, Kelly, MacLean and Willis were attending other committee
meetings and would be available as soon as possible.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS gave a brief overview of the coal industry in
Alaska. He commented that Alaska contains some 300 years of coal
reserves based on present U.S. consumption rates. This is more
than the rest of the U.S. combined. He said our reserve has
substantial added value due to its low sulfur content and the
growing global trend toward clean air standards. He also stated
that getting this vast resource to market in a safe,
environmentally sound, productive, and profitable manner involves
many complicated factors: Currency exchange rates, cultural
practices of our overseas customers, lack of the necessary
transportation infrastructure, etc.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS introduced Commissioner John Shively of Natural
Resources as the first witness.
Number 040
JOHN SHIVELY, Commissioner, Department of Natural Resources,
stated that coal has been Alaska's undeveloped resource largely
constrained by price, location and government regulations. He
stated the Usibelli coal mine is our main mine and that the state
takes in approximately $1.4 million a year in royalties.
COMMISSIONER SHIVELY said the next project would be the Jarvis
Creek lease sale which is in the Tok Delta area. He stated that
through the public comment period on the best interest finding,
the project is in the process of being finalized and hopes to go
to a lease sale sometime this spring. The main purpose of this
coal lease will be to supply a project in Tok which will replace
a diesel plant with a plant that will burn a combination of coal
and wood, and waste.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS asked if the Administration has any plans or
clues as to what changes might be expected within the next four
years.
Number 090
COMMISSIONER SHIVELY replied that we need to get some common
sense out of what government does, and to confine the time frames
so that they are more reasonable. It takes so long for the
government to determine what responsible development is that very
few businesses can afford to get involved.
Number 108
REPRESENTATIVE NORMAN ROKEBERG asked Commissioner Shively to
comment on the Administration's action in reopening the Clean
Water Act and any ideas in that regard on why that was reopened.
COMMISSIONER SHIVELY responded that he should talk to
Commissioner Burden on that subject.
REPRESENTATIVE VIC KOHRING asked if Commissioner Shively was
aware of anything that is planned for potential coal methane
activity in the Mat-Su Valley.
COMMISSIONER SHIVELY responded that activity in the Mat-Su area
is being watched with interest. He explained that there is a
drilling technology being used and that's the coil tubing
technology, which would make drilling coal bed methane much
cheaper. That provides us a real opportunity to provide
alternative energy in the rural areas. He stated there is a real
problem in the rural areas with fuel tanks; getting them into
compliance with state and federal laws.
REPRESENTATIVE ROKEBERG said in relating to the rural cost
equalization situation where there is an endowment that has been
established, the sinking fund aspect of that endowment appears to
be a four to five year life. At that time there is going to be
other difficult decisions made by the state of Alaska on a policy
basis to what to do about that. He stated that we have a very
short time frame to look at alternate technologies and other
methods of providing electrical power in the rural areas, and
asked if there were any ideas or if he was interested in pursuing
any pilot projects along this line.
Number 164
COMMISSIONER SHIVELY responded that he has asked his people to
look at that. Right now there is a dispute in who is supposed to
oversee some of these projects. The Alaska Oil and Gas
Commission said they have some jurisdiction. He explained that
their jurisdiction makes drilling for this kind of gas relatively
expensive because of their bonding requirements. Commissioner
Shively said he is very interested in looking at both
technologies and what could happen if the Tok plant is built and
how that might be used in the rural areas. He is also interested
in where we could use the coal methane method.
Number 177
REPRESENTATIVE KOHRING commented on lowering the bonding
requirements.
COMMISSIONER SHIVELY responded that in his opinion the Alaska oil
and gas bonding requirement of a million dollars is wrong. He
explained that this is the kind of bonding you would have for oil
drilling.
REPRESENTATIVE KOHRING mentioned that it was recently dropped
from $5 million to $1 million and he was considering introducing
legislation to further reduce the bonding requirement.
COMMISSIONER SHIVELY responded it could be a different bonding
requirement.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS congratulated Commissioner Shively and said he
looked forward to working with him the next four years.
COMMISSIONER SHIVELY thanked Chairman Sanders and said he is also
looking forward to working with him. He said we are faced with
some great opportunities, and working together we should make
some of these things into being.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS noted for the record that Representative Willis
arrived at 9:25 a.m.
Number 215
REPRESENTATIVE ROKEBERG asked to be excused to attend another
important committee meeting.
Number 222
GABRIELLE LAROCHE, Section Chief, Resource Development, Division
of Economic Development, testified that Alaska's coal resource is
virtually untapped with the remaining reserves estimated to be 5
to 5.5 trillion tons. This is an energy equivalent in BTUs, of
more than 1,000 Prudhoe Bays, much of this being high-rank
bituminous coal. This coal is valuable due to its low sulfur
content. However, high production and transportation costs,
along with price competition from other countries, is inhibiting
further development of Alaska's coal.
MS. LAROCHE further testified that the Usibelli mine at Healy is
the only large scale coal mine operating in Alaska with export
going to South Korea. Another coal investor in Alaska, Idemitsu
Alaska, has temporarily canceled plans to mine the Premier Coal
Seam in the Wishbone Hill area. This was due to continued low
prices in the Pacific Rim steam coal market.
MS. LAROCHE stated the largest reasonably markets for Alaska's
steam coal are China, India, Japan and Korea which currently
consume l.6 billion tons per year with future forecasts of 2.1
billion by the year 2000. This projected increase offers
opportunities for Alaska to expand its exports. Other major
producers in competition for this expanding market are Australia,
Indonesia, China, and the former Soviet Union. Although market
forecasts are positive, Alaska's current penetration remains
small. If the market price were to make the projected gains,
projects such as Wishbone Hill and western Arctic coal may see a
window of opportunity to develop and gain significant market
share. The development of Arctic coal reserves could provide a
competitive alternative for village and individual power in
comparison to diesel fuel.
MS. LAROCHE said the January l995 Report of the Alaska Minerals
Commission finds the exclusion of coal mining operations from the
state's reclamation bonding pool to be an issue for the coal
industry. The department mineral specialist provides assistance
to many coal developments in the state such as the Healy clean
coal project, Northwest Arctic Coal, Wishbone Hill, the Beluga
projects and the low rank coal water fuel demonstration.
MS. LAROCHE talked briefly about the Alaska Industrial
Development and Export Authority's (AIDEA) involvement in
development of many coal projects throughout the state. She also
discussed the department's support of the Arctic Slope Regional
Corporation in its efforts to demonstrate the viability of the
development and export of northwest Arctic coal deposits.
MS. LAROCHE stated the department (OIT & AIDEA) continues to work
with Usibelli, the Alaska Railroad, and KEPCO to assure the long
term viability of the Usibelli export contract.
Number 308
REPRESENTATIVE KOHRING commented she had mentioned that the
Wishbone Hill project is temporarily on hold. Is there hope that
it might come back on line.
MS. LAROCHE replied there is always hope. There are significant
reserves and it's in a good location.
REPRESENTATIVE KOHRING asked if the Healy clean coal project is
under construction.
MS. LAROCHE responded that she wasn't sure, but will check on it.
REPRESENTATIVE KOHRING said he was also interested in the funding
aspect as well.
MS. LAROCHE stated she will get back to Representative Kohring's
office on funding.
Number 335
BOB STILES, President of Alaska Coal Association, and President
of Drven Corporation, which is involved with the coal
developments in the Beluga field. Mr. Stiles noted a few people
from the private sector will speak and cover some details.
Charlie Green will cover the Healy clean coal project, Warrick
Wilson will speak on the low rank water fuel developments, Kate
Lamal will speak on the user group issues involved in the
industry, Teresa Imm on western Arctic coal, John Simms on
constraints with regard to domestic U.S. use of Alaskan coal, and
Charlie Boddy will cover cleanup in terms of the Alaska coal
policy that was passed by the legislature a few years ago.
MR. STILES gave an overview on some of the coal reserves in
Alaska: North of the Arctic Slope, Interior Yukon, Susitna
Basin, NANA Basin, the Cook Inlet area which includes the
Wishbone area, the Beluga reserves and the Jarvis Creek area.
MR. STILES noted the primary market in the Cook Inlet would be to
export to Japan, Taiwan, Korea, the coast of China and an outside
possibility, the coast of Russia, Mexico, western portion of the
Pacific Northwest and possibly Hawaii. Mr. Stiles said the
Interior reserves are competitive in international markets. The
reserves that are in pockets in the Interior would likely be
development for local use. The western Arctic coal, that has a
high heating value, has potential in both international in the
long term and local market for the near term.
MR. STILES explained what really controls our business in
international markets, we have faced a five year slide in
international prices. He believes strongly this year the worm
has turned. All indications are, the current negotiations on
what's called a bench mark price we will see an uptick anywhere
from $2 to $6 per ton on the bench mark coal which is a
bituminous coal. A $6.00 uptick on bituminous coal translates to
a $4.00 uptick on the subtuminous coal. He noted while we are
always enthusiastic about seeing an uptick in price, we hope it
is not too big. The reason is, if it is too large there will be
other production developed in response to that uptick in price
which makes the competitive playing field more difficult than it
is now.
MR. STILES explained the reason Alaska coal has been under
developed in the last five years is not the price but the Mental
Health Land litigation. He stated that had a very chilling
effect in the market place. If you cannot market, and have no
credibility in the market, you cannot sell; if you cannot sell,
you cannot develop new mines.
MR. STILES stated the important thing about the contradictory
factor that they have seen in the market place during the time of
this price slide is they have seen it continuing to increase in
demand, so they do not operate like the classic economic model.
Mr. Stiles explained that the most important factor on the price
of Alaska coal is the global currency exchange rates.
Number 474
REPRESENTATIVE ED WILLIS asked what the status is with slurry
transportation, where you pulverized the coal and mix with water.
MR. STILES responded that slurring coal does not offer a lot of
potential for Alaska, and it's to a large extent, market
constrained. Customers buy their coal and they multi-source
their fuel supply at the plant level.
Number 490
REPRESENTATIVE KOHRING asked if the reserves were economically
feasible.
MR. STILES responded that you have to be close to existing
transportation or you have to be close to the coast to break into
the international markets. If you look at some of the fields in
the Yukon area, they will likely not see any export.
REPRESENTATIVE WILLIS asked if Wyoming has a large export market
to the Pacific Rim countries.
MR. STILES replied no, Wyoming probably exports less coal to the
Pacific Rim than Usibelli does to Korea. The predominant United
States steam coals that go to the Pacific Rim come out of Utah.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS asked that if and when the Beluga market
develops, where will it be brought to tide water.
Number 496
MR. STILES stated there are three potential sites. One at
Granite Point, North Forland which is the old BLM dock facility,
and one at Ladd. The preferred choice would probably be North
Forland.
Number 560
CHARLIE GREEN, Assistant to the Vice President for Marketing for
Usibelli coal mine, gave an overview of the Healy clean coal
project. He explained that this was started six years ago.
Alaska Industrial Development and Export Authority, Usibelli coal
mine and Golden Valley made an application to the United States
Department of Energy to propose this project. Congress has been
interested in making grant moneys available to accelerate
commercialization of coal burning technologies. It's been a long
process since the project was awarded by the Department of
Energy, but all of that was resolved this past November.
TAPE 95-2, SIDE B
Number 000
MR. GREEN said on February 1, l995, H.C. Price company which was
the low bidder received the final notice to proceed with
construction. He explained that to bridge the $25 million gap,
there was a number of contributions by the Golden Valley Electric
Association and the Usibelli coal mine, and the most significant
contribution in that gap is expected to come from the Department
of Energy.
MR. GREEN noted that the scheduled foundation work will start in
April or May. The construction work will take place in l995
through l997. In l998, because of the matching funds from the
Department of Energy, the project will undergo a one year
demonstration period on the new technology. In l999, it would
become full commercial production operated by Golden Valley
Electric Association.
MR. GREEN stated the project has many benefits to it. He said
Golden Valley has a needed new power facility. They are looking
at the turn of the century of having a lot of their generating
capacity, including their oil fired turbines at North Pole, as
being the end of their useful life. He said they had to make a
decision as to what their next generating facility was going to
be and this project fit in nicely.
MR. GREEN said of the new 50 mega watts of power that will come
out of that facility there will probably be 35 mega watts that
will be utilized by the Fort Knox gold mine which will start
construction this March in Fairbanks.
MR. GREEN explained that this is a clean coal technology project.
He said a number of interesting aspects to the combustion
technology will be used. There are three things that power plant
operators and environmental engineers are interested in and what
comes out of a power plant, rocks, knox, and socks. Mr. Green
explained the rocks are the ash that you want to keep from coming
out the flue. Knox is nitrogen oxides and socks is sulfur
dioxide. This technology has a combuster that you bolt on to the
side of a boiler that controls the chemistry in the initial
combustion stage, so you do not create nitrogen oxides. It will
include lime stone cleanup technology in the boiler and capturing
sulfur dioxide as calcium sulfate in the fuel gas stream.
MR. GREEN also explained the cleaning of ash, which is a concern
of boiler operators everywhere. Coal ash abrades the inside of
the boiler, corrodes tubes; it builds up and interferes with the
heat transfer. Mr. Green said this is a slagging combuster and
it will take out the ash before it ever goes into the boiler as
molten slack. He said that about 90 percent of the ash will be
removed before the combustion gas gets into the boiler.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS noted for the record that Representative MacLean
arrived at l0:05 a.m.
REPRESENTATIVE KOHRING asked if there was a shortfall in the
project.
MR. GREEN responded that it is still going through the process
where the Department of Energy will forward funds to the project.
If that comes through to the full extent, the $25 million gap has
been bridged. If that does not happen, Alaska Industrial
Development and Export Authority, within its organization, has
enough contingency to make up that gap. If there is any question
on this matter, he will contact Riley Snell and have him get back
to the committee.
REPRESENTATIVE EILEEN MACLEAN asked what is the amount of the
gap.
MR. GREEN responded that it was $25 million. He noted that $12
million has been made up by Golden Valley Electric, Usibelli, and
equipment manufacturers.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS asked if the rise in the global market price
will have any affect on the profitability of this project, or is
this a domestic situation.
MR. GREEN replied that it is completely domestic.
WARRICK WILSON with the Alaska Coal Water Fuels, Inc., and the
Energy and Environmental Research Center, stated they developed a
technology at the Energy and Environmental Research Center. He
said they were one of five Department of Energy technology
centers until they were de-federalized under the Reagan
Administration. Mr. Wilson stated a part of their mission was to
look at ways to develop and utilize low rank coal nationwide.
The technology that they think has the most potential is to
beneficiate the coal by causing a permanent moisture reduction by
temperature and pressure.
MR. WILSON explained the funding sources and potential markets
for a low rank coal water fuel. He discussed the viability of
coal water fuel as substitute for diesel and heavy oil fuels.
REPRESENTATIVE WILLIS stated that Mr. Wilson mentioned coal water
fuel being a possibility for diesel generation, and asked would
gas turbines be a possibility.
MR. WILSON responded that coal water fuel will work for gas
turbines. He explained that the most successful test there is to
date in an advanced engine, is the Energy and Environmental
Research Center produced 20,000 gallons of low rank coal water
fuel that was used in General Motors' Allison turbine simulator.
REPRESENTATIVE MACLEAN mentioned that the Alaska Science &
Technology Foundation awarded $l80,000 for the first phase. She
would like to know when the next phase is due.
MR. WILSON replied that phase one is being completed. Part of
the contingency for the award of the remaining funds is the
successful completion of phase one, and to find and develop a
binding agreement with the end user. The other was to find a
site which will be the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. The key
for the Board of Directors of Alaska Science & Technology
Foundation's final approval will be the business plan.
REPRESENTATIVE MACLEAN asked how many phases will it take to get
to the $3.9 million.
MR. WILSON said hopefully, the proposal will be completed and
into Alaska Science & Technology Foundation by the April 13
meeting. He said that during this time they will be asking for
the balance of the funding.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS asked how practical is this for some of the
smaller villages that are located where the coal is as a fuel
source.
MR. WILSON responded that in competing in the rural market, there
would be somewhere between one-half million and one million tons
a year. That is larger than you would use in the whole Interior
and everywhere else.
KATE LAMAL, Environmental Officer, Golden Valley Electric
Association, also representing the users of coal, noted there is
a 25 mega watt existing generation plant near the Healy mine
right at Usibelli. She stated there are seven power plants that
use coal for generation. She explained that the plants are
having to watch the development of the new air quality
regulations very closely to make sure that they are able to
operate within operating compliance. She noted there exists
about 100 air quality permits and with the new regulations out,
that will probably go up to 300 permits. There is only seven
coal fired permits in the state, but that represents about 75,000
people.
REPRESENTATIVE MACLEAN asked if the state goes over and beyond
the Clean Air Act of l990 within the state.
MS. LAMAL explained that the regulations were signed in December
and they are now at the Environmental Protection Agency for
approval. There was a public comment period open for
simultaneous review. There are certain aspects of the state
regulations that appear to be more stringent than the federal
regulations at this time.
MS. LAMAL stated the other issue that is being watched is the
coal ash. The power plants produce tons and tons of ash on a
daily basis. The ash is classified under the federal regulations
as being an inert substance.
TERESA IMM, Project Manager, Arctic Slope Regional Corporation,
stated they are strictly in the feasible phase of developing coal
lands owned by the Arctic Slope Regional Corporation. The mine
site that she identified for development is approximately ten
miles off the Chukchi Sea. The area is called Deadfall Syncline.
She explained that it's a bituminous coal, it's a low moisture,
low ash, low sulfur coal with an energy range of an excess of
3,000 BTUs per pound. She said they are looking at the
feasibility of developing an underground coal mine.
MS. IMM stated they are also looking at the technology of
transporting the coal for export to the Pacific Rim. She noted
they have determined that they can underground mine the coal
economically, and it would be cost competitive with underground
mines in the Lower 48.
MS. IMM said they are in the process of trying to finalize the
transportation. They have two alternatives. One is to go south
to the Red Dog system and tie into the Red Dog port. The second
alternative that is being evaluated, is developing a port
offshore of the mine site, in which they would try to extend the
shipping season using ice breaking vessels.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS asked if they are cost competitive, does that
mean at the surface, not including transportation.
MS. IMM replied that it does not include transportation, the mine
costs are competitive with the Lower 48 at the surface.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS asked if ice breaking vessels are currently
operating that are capable of handling coal or does it have to be
developed.
MS. IMM explained that it is an evolving technology, but the
technology is there. She noted that the Russians and Canadians
move bulk material through ice regularly.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS said it was mentioned earlier that the price in
the global market may go up $2 to $6 per ton. He asked that the
coal being of better quality, it is possible that it will go up
even more.
MS. IMM responded that the coal has been classified by some of
the Japanese as premium coal. They are looking at it as a
blending coal.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS introduced Governor Sheffield, with the Arctic
Slope consulting group. He apologized for not introducing him
earlier. Chairman Sanders thanked him for coming.
REPRESENTATIVE MACLEAN noted for the record that the other
members should be present.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS explained that members have been present at one
time or another. He noted they have other committee meetings to
attend and that some of them have bills up.
REPRESENTATIVE MACLEAN stated that a memo to the members should
be written to that effect.
TAPE 95-3, SIDE A
Number 000
JOHN SIMMS, Vice President, Marketing for the Usibelli Coal Mine,
informed the committee of two federal issues. The first issue he
discuss was the Jones Act, which requires that the transport of
coal between states be carried out on American-made ships with
American crews. Mr. Simms discussed the negative impact this had
on the price of Alaska coal.
MR. SIMMS discussed the second issue which was a proposed treaty
by International Maritime Organization that proposes to
reclassify coal as a hazardous and noxious material. This would
require producers of coal to contribute to a fund that would be
used to cover compensation claims arising from environmental
catastrophe. This would raise the cost of coal $3 to $4 each
time it is handled either at the loading or unloading ends of
transportation. Mr. Simms testified that this would have a
devastating effect on the production of Alaska Coal.
REPRESENTATIVE MACLEAN asked for clarification of the two issues
that he believed the state could take action on. A resolution
seeking exemption from the Jones Act, and a resolution opposing
the current language of the proposed International Maritime
Organization.
MR. SIMMS responded that it would be very appropriate and he
would like to work with her on drafting a resolution.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS asked in the question of Hawaii, is it possible
to get an exemption to the Jones Act from port to port. On the
West Coast, without the Jones Act, would it be possible to
compete with Wyoming and Utah.
MR. SIMMS believes that with an exemption to the Jones Act, there
is no reason why Alaska could not become the chief supplier of
West Coast and Hawaii coal.
CHARLIE BODDY, Usibelli coal mine, gave a brief overview on the
tremendous advances we have made within the industry and only
have scratched the infancy by having only one operational mine.
Mr. Boddy stated that mining is important to the state because it
provides long term stable jobs for the people of Alaska.
CHAIRMAN SANDERS thanked everyone for coming and assured the body
that the Economic Development Committee is interested in the coal
industry, both as a committee and individually. He stated that
the committee is looking forward to working with them the next
two years.
ADJOURNMENT
There being no further business to come before the committee,
Chairman Sanders adjourned the meeting at 11:06 a.m.
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