Legislature(2017 - 2018)GRUENBERG 120
02/28/2017 10:00 AM House FISHERIES
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Audio | Topic |
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Start | |
HJR12 | |
HB107 | |
Adjourn |
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
*+ | HJR 12 | TELECONFERENCED | |
*+ | HB 107 | TELECONFERENCED | |
+ | TELECONFERENCED |
HB 107-FISH ENHANCEMENT PERMITS 10:30:13 AM CHAIR STUTES announced that the final order of business would be HOUSE BILL NO. 107, "An Act relating to certain fish; and establishing a fisheries enhancement permit." 10:30:25 AM REPRESENTATIVE DAVE TALERICO, Alaska State Legislature, as prime sponsor of HB 107, stated that HB 107 is a fish fertilization enhancement bill. He maintained that the permit proposed in HB 107 could boost fish egg fertilization rates - from the 5 percent occurring in nature to 95 percent using incubation. He mentioned that fish eggs would be collected, fertilized, incubated, hatched, and released back as unfed fry into the same water from whence they came. He opined that releasing the fry into the original water would make the process as natural as possible. He stated that fish incubation is not new; it has been done in many areas for 40 years. He maintained that the proposed legislation would clarify the statutes regarding permit requirements. He offered that HB 107 would facilitate fish fertilization enhancement projects as a collaborative effort - undertaken by the private sector, but under the auspices of the Alaska Department of Fish & Game (ADF&G). He maintained that there would be quite a few requirements for the permit and the permit holder that would preclude an unqualified person receiving a permit. 10:32:55 AM ELIJAH VERHAGEN, Staff, Representative Dave Talerico, Alaska State Legislature, presented HB 107 on behalf of Representative Talerico, prime sponsor. He referred to AS 16.05.050(a)(5), which states that one of the duties of the commissioner of ADF&G is to propagate fish and fish populations. He relayed that ADF&G has offered fish enhancement permits like those proposed under HB 107: permits for educational purposes in schools and universities, and for scientific research. He said that these permits are available to tribes, government agencies, and various other entities through cooperative agreements with ADF&G. He stated that none of the education or science permits are outlined in statute. He maintained that the proposed legislation would outline in statute a fish fertilization and enhancement permit and put these permits under the management and scrutiny of ADF&G. MR. VERHAGEN stated that pages 2 and 3 of HB 107 list the information that would be required on the application for a permit: the reason the applicant wishes to conduct fish fertilization; the type of fish that would be collected; the number of fish that would be collected; and the agreements that are in place with local shareholders around fish collection. He maintained that the information requested on the application is very similar to that which is required for the education and science permits; however, HB 107 would allow people and corporations to obtain permits for the simple reason that they need more fish. He relayed that in many of the rivers in State House District 6 in the Interior, ADG&G does not have the resources to perform fish counts and does not have escapement goals; however, local residents have reported a great reduction of fish over the years. MR. VERHAGEN related that meeting all the conditions of the application would be difficult; therefore, permits would not be readily available to everyone. He reiterated that the fish propagation process addressed in HB 107 would be a natural process: it would not involve fish farming; it would simply boost the fertilization rate from the 5 percent in nature up to roughly 94 percent; the unfed fish would be released back into the water; there would be a ten-day window for them to become emergent fry fish; and they would return to the same watershed. He claimed that the fish would be "as natural as possible." He maintained that the process would boost the salmon population and maximize the resource, as called for in the Alaska State Constitution. 10:37:40 AM CHAIR STUTES opened public testimony on HB 107. 10:38:00 AM BRUCE CAIN testified that he works for Ahtna, Incorporated (Ahtna) as special projects manager, serves on the Prince William Sound Aquaculture Corporation (PWSAC) board of directors, and is president of the Copper Valley Chamber of Commerce, but he is speaking on his own behalf. He expressed his support for HB 107. He relayed an incident that occurred in 1971 when he was 14 years old: He was working on the docks in Auke Bay in Juneau at a fish buying station. The business served hand trollers and a fleet of commercial fishermen. It was before limited entry, before the 200-mile limit, and before any hatcheries. He mentioned that at the time, there were no fish. He relayed that a gentleman, about 70 years old, returned to the dock with three fish after having fished all week. The man earned about $23 for his fish. When he put 100 gallons of diesel fuel into his boat for $30, there wasn't enough money from the fish to pay for the fuel. It was a very sad, but defining moment for Mr. Cain as a 14-year-old boy and inspired him to be committed to increasing fish populations. MR. CAIN relayed that much was done in that regard: setting the 200-mile limit; forming the Division of Fisheries Rehabilitation, Enhancement, and Development (FRED) in ADF&G; building the hatchery system; and enacting limited entry. He mentioned that he could not have imagined back then that there would be so many fish one day that people would worry about the effects of hatcheries. He relayed that he has lived in Glennallen in the Copper River Basin for many years, participated in the commercial fishery, participated in the personal use fishery, sport fished, and subsistence fished. He asserted that the Gulkana Hatchery is a "big blessing" for his region, which uses incubation boxes. The facility was built by Ken Roberson, a state biologist, from donated fish totes, gravel, and plywood. This large sockeye salmon facility keeps the river healthy. This year there has been a very low king salmon run on the Copper River, which has prompted state restrictions. He maintained that the incubation system has worked well on the Copper River for many years. MR. CAIN encouraged the committee to support HB 107. He maintained the [incubation] process could be used to restore salmon that has been lost due to highway construction and other activities, and he mentioned that it would be good to try it on the Yukon River. 10:44:46 AM ERIC GEBHART, Superintendent, Nenana City School District, testified that he supports HB 107. He mentioned that he had experience with fish enhancement in Kake. He relayed that his current school district has the capacity through the education permit to engage in fish enhancement projects, but he asserted that HB 107 would encourage more people to participate in these activities and the schools could provide an education component. He maintained that the impact of education is greater through partnerships with science and fisheries; increased fish enhancement projects would have a positive effect on the fish populations; and education of youth would help to sustain the enhancement projects into the future. 10:47:09 AM MR. VERHAGEN relayed that his office is excited that Mr. Gebhart has had experience in fish enhancement and is working toward doing more of this in his school district. He emphasized the value of youth participating in the incubation and fertilization of fish eggs and observing the entire process from beginning to end. He expressed his hope that for these young minds, the "excitement and potential" that could stem from this education would culminate in pursuing education and careers in the field of fish propagation. 10:50:03 AM WILL MAYO, Tanana Chief's Conference (TCC), testified that he supports HB 107. He relayed that he has spent much time on the Yukon River and the primary "eating" fish in the area was the king salmon. He stated that due to depletion of the king salmon population, there have been limitations placed on king salmon harvest. He maintained that he has witnessed no activity in the fish camps along the river, which deprives the young people of the education that the salmon harvest offers them. He stated that TCC wants to help maintain robust wild salmon stocks; it employs a scientific program; and it wants to develop the capacity to address future needs. He said that as resources diminish, the people diminish, because they are dependent on their rural economies; the rural economy is the wild resource economy. MR. MAYO maintained that discreet salmon populations need assistance in most regions of the state; a permit process tailored to restoring wild salmon is what is needed and what is lacking today. He said that ADF&G permits are not adequate for the task of restoring wild salmon: they are designed for research and education; they are limited; or they are for conventional hatcheries. He maintained that HB 107 would create a process for restoring discreet wild salmon populations using guidelines and clear oversight by ADF&G based on good science and proven practices. He asserted that HB 107 represents a conservative approach to assure that wild salmon are kept wild: they are not pen-fed fish; they are not conventional hatchery fish; and they are returned to their river of origin. He added that HB 107 speaks to the importance of collaboration, data collection, and education within the process of restoration of wild salmon stocks. He said that TCC finds the proposed legislation necessary to fill a niche that is currently not filled; the current permits have been unreliable for this effort. He asserted that HB 107 would allow the state to proceed with a program to assist wild stocks. 10:54:59 AM NANCY HILLSTRAND testified that she has 21 years' experience as a fish culturist of five species of salmon and two species of trout, and she opposes HB 107. She said that although it is well intentioned, Alaska can "go wrong" with enhancement and has multiple times. She asserted that HB 107 would be dangerous legislation for Alaska's wild spawning salmon resource. She maintained that the danger lies in multiple people handling the fish with no oversight. She mentioned that ADF&G does not have the resources to do the proper oversight that would be needed. She stated that the simple act of "adding fish" has consequences. She claimed that HB 107 is a "Band-Aid" approach to underlying symptoms affecting distinct stock. MS. HILLSTRAND referred to an excerpt of a sentence in the sponsor statement, which read as follows [original punctuation provided]: "Although the Dept. of Fish & Game is currently not counting the fish population in many rivers in our interior district such as the Nenana, Tanana and upper Yukon rivers ... " and testified, "That's what we need." She asserted that Alaska needs more focus on these areas to learn "what is going on" and to get the Board of Fisheries "on-board" to make sure it is aware of what is transpiring in these areas. MS. HILLSTRAND stated that in the last couple years, Chinook salmon has been slowly rebounding; the North Pacific [Fishery] Management Council (NPFMC) has placed caps on the huge bycatch of Chinook in the Bering Sea. She relayed NPFMC's statement as follows: "The majority, 64 percent, of Chinook salmon bycatch in the Bering Sea is from aggregate coastal Western Alaska stock, which includes rivers from Norton Sound to Bristol Bay, including Yukon and Kuskokwim." She expressed that these are symptoms and there are multiple symptoms causing problems with salmon. She offered that the bycatch caps do seem to be helping the salmon rebound, but she opined that Alaska needs to monitor the distinct stocks in the upper tributaries and take care of its wild fish before altering them with any type of enhancement. She stated that as a fish culturist, she is very concerned; she witnessed fish hatcheries evolving from what was considered an enhancement to a factory production costing the state millions and millions of dollars. She emphasized that the state needs to "slow down," look at the habitat, determine why ADF&G is not paying more attention to the habitat and the food web interactions. She reiterated that Alaska does not need a Band- Aid but needs to study the symptoms. 10:57:53 AM PETE VELSKO testified that he supports HB 107 and referenced a letter sent to the committee detailing his experience. He mentioned that he began working with ADF&G at the Tutka Bay Hatchery in Homer in 1976. He said when the hatchery was transferred to the Cook Inlet Aquaculture Association (CIAA), he was transferred to Nome, which was having problems with chum salmon. He was sent to Nome to test in-stream incubation boxes to determine the feasibility of putting them in area streams to help rebuild the run. He worked from 1991 to 1997 under FRED in Nome. His job was to try to implement small scale salmon restoration enhancement projects for 15 villages in the Norton Sound area and it included educational programs in the schools. Nome had a very active high school incubation project. MR. VELSKO stated that in 1993-1994, FRED was combined with the Division of Commercial Fisheries (DCF) [ADF&G] due to budget cuts. As a result, the salmon restoration and enhancement projects in Nome became very low priority and were abandoned. He stated that the need for these projects was real and people wanted to see them continued. He maintained that the disappearance of FRED left a void not readily filled by the private non-profit (PNP) aquaculture associations or by CFD. He maintained that the PNPs are in the business of producing large numbers of fish, primarily for commercial fisherman located along the coast, and DCF focuses on managing fish, as opposed to producing fish. He said that his question is: "Who's out there to assist the more rural villages who might want help increasing salmon opportunities in those areas?" He opined that HB 107 might be a "step in the right direction." MR. VELSKO summarized by saying that he was doing the kind of work in Nome that he believes HB 107 would do. He said that all the villages in the area were very enthusiastic and helpful in providing him with good information. He maintained that to check the feasibility of chum salmon in Nome, "you've got to complete the experiment." He added that when FRED was combined with DCF, the project was not finished. He stated that the incubation boxes did produce salmon - as much as 70 percent on one incubator - but because the experiment was never completed, he does not know the return of fish. He maintained that more than one life cycle is needed to see if such an experiment is working. 11:03:22 AM MIKE MANN testified that he has been fishing for 55 years throughout Southeast, Bristol Bay, Cook Inlet, and areas outside of Alaska; he was a board member of the Douglas Island Pink and Chum (DIPAC) Macaulay Salmon Hatchery for ten years; and he was president of the United Southeast Alaska Gillnetters (USAG) Association. He stated that he supports HB 107 because he supports the actions by DIPAC and the Northern Southeast Regional Aquaculture Association (NSRAA). He expressed his belief that the communities can prove, with the help of the experts at the hatcheries, that the fish enhancement is being done correctly. He maintained that one can identify the run entry program where it is being intercepted. The personnel at DIPAC invented a way to identify the specific fish from a specific area, so that fish following the Japanese current and coming into Icy Straits or by Noyes Island can be easily identified. They know where the fish are going, where they belong, and who is catching them; therefore, appropriate regulations can be put into place for commercial fishing. MR. MANN mentioned that he was involved with incubation boxes for sockeye salmon, spawning channels on the Chilkat River, and incubation boxes throughout the tributaries of the Chilkat River. He maintained that these activities have been very successful [for fish enhancement] and asserted that fish enhancement is important for other communities. He said that once there are large numbers of fish coming back to the river systems that can handle it, the state will do well not only in commercial fishing, but in sport fishing and personal use fishing, as well. He suggested that GM fish are emerging because of the popularity of salmon in the world and the desire to make money from that. He maintained that Alaska is becoming the "number one place in the world" [for salmon] and should recognize and take advantage of that. 11:07:55 AM CHAIR STUTES, after ascertaining that there was no one else who wished to testify, closed public testimony on HB 107. 11:08:05 AM REPRESENTATIVE TARR asked for someone from ADF&G to respond to the concern that an unqualified individual might do fish enhancement and to speak to the qualifications of someone receiving a permit. 11:09:01 AM SAM RABUNG, Section Chief, Private Non-Profit Hatchery and Aquatic Farming and Planning and Permitting, responded that the provisions [for receiving a permit] are stringent and the requirements are designed for applicants who are not amateurs. He stated that the permits would be subject to ADF&G genetics policies, fish health policies, sustainable escapement goal policies, sustainable salmon fisheries policies - all the existing guidance ADF&G currently has for permits; therefore, nothing amateurish would be allowed to proceed. 11:09:55 AM REPRESENTATIVE TARR asked if Mr. Rabung regarded HB 107 as an opportunity for a public-private partnership because more work is needed to have more fish, but the state is not able to support that work alone. The state would still regulate the activity, but private dollars would infuse the effort. MR. RABUNG answered that there is nothing in HB 107 that gives ADF&G a permitting authority that it does not already have. He said that ADF&G crafts the enhancement or restoration projects as research under the Fish Resource Permit (FRP) policy, which is for scientific and educational objectives; this research involves studying the efficacy of this technique to restore salmon runs. He opined that the supporters of the proposed legislation want it clearly defined in statute that they can conduct this fish enhancement activity. He added that he did not expect a rush of applicants for new projects; the proposals would be well thought out; and there are provisions in the proposed legislation that require considerable pre-work before permits are awarded. He offered that a permit would only be awarded if stakeholders and ADF&G deemed it appropriate. 11:11:53 AM CHAIR STUTES asked if ADF&G has the funds to oversee this program. MR. RABUNG replied that ADF&G views the proposed legislation as having a zero fiscal note, because the permits fall within a category that ADF&G already processes. He offered that the proposed legislation requires the permit holder to be responsible for collecting the data; it is a stakeholder-driven, user-paid approach. 11:12:47 AM REPRESENTATIVE TARR stated that Alaska's current fish enhancement and hatchery development policy seeks to segregate wild fish from hatchery fish to avoid interbreeding, and activity under HB 107 would not. She asked Mr. Rabung for his response to that concern. MR. RABUNG responded that the PNP program is a different model altogether; it is large scale fishery enhancement designed to enhance fisheries, not fish populations. He said that by definition, it is designed to produce additional harvestable surplus paid for by the commercial fleet and for the benefit of the commercial fleet. He added that the PNP programs were designed to have terminal harvest areas; the fish would return to where they would not have significant interaction with natural spawning stocks. He reiterated that fish enhancement under the proposed legislation is a different model; it is referred to as rehabilitation or restoration, as opposed to fishery enhancement; and it is designed to restore existing fish populations to the higher levels of the past. 11:14:19 AM REPRESENTATIVE FANSLER asked the sponsor of HB 107 if he would be opposed to a friendly amendment substituting the term "enhancement" with the term "rehabilitation". REPRESENTATIVE TALERICO agreed that "rehabilitation" would be the correct term. REPRESENTATIVE FANSLER suggested that the change may make the intent of the proposed legislation clearer and avoid a misunderstanding among the public. 11:15:40 AM REPRESENTATIVE KREISS-TOMKINS asked if ADF&G supports HB 107. MR. RABUNG answered that ADF&G's position on HB 107 is neutral. 11:16:18 AM REPRESENTATIVE EASTMAN expressed his concern that the use of the term "rehabilitation" might fail to communicate to ADF&G that the committee supports anything that would help increase maximum yield of the resource. He said that even if Alaska's fish production level has never been at the point Alaska wants it to be, that doesn't mean Alaska should not try to achieve it. 11:16:55 AM CHAIR STUTES stated an amendment would be drafted to accommodate all [suggestions]. 11:17:14 AM CHAIR STUTES announced HB 107 was held over.
Document Name | Date/Time | Subjects |
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HJR012 Sponsor Statement 2.22.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 ver A 2.22.17.PDF |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Fiscal Note LEG-SESS-02-23-17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Support - Alaska Trollers Association 2.27.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Support - Southeast Alaska Fishermen's Alliance 2.27.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Support - Petersburg Vessel Owners Association 2.27.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Support - Southeast Alaska Seiners Association 2.27.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Support - United Fishermen of Alaska.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Support - United Southeast Alaska Gillnetters 2.27.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Supporting Document-Alaska Dispatch News Article 2.22.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Supporting Document-Reps. Young and Defazio 2.22.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Supporting Document-Sen. Murkowski 2.22.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |
HB107 Sponsor Statement 2.8.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Sectional Analysis 2.8.2017.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
|
HB107 Ver O.PDF |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Fiscal Note DFG-DCF-02-24-17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Additional Documentation. Considerations for Salmon Restoration Planning.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Additional Documents, Josephson Permitting process letter.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Additional Documentation. Egg Survival Rate Comparrison.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Gulkana Incubation Picture.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Moist air incubator picture.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Support ADN Article.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Support Copper Valley Chamber of Commerce.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Support Doyon 2.14.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Support Mentasta Council.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Support Nenana City School District 2.16.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Support Pete Velsko.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 4/26/2017 1:00:00 PM |
HB 107 |
HB107 Sectional Analysis 2.8.2017.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM |
HB 107 |
HJR012 Support UFA.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM |
HJR 12 |
HJR012 Supporting Document - Presentation House Resources Committee 3.12.17.pdf |
HFSH 2/28/2017 10:00:00 AM HRES 3/13/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/14/2017 3:00:00 PM HRES 3/15/2017 1:00:00 PM HRES 3/20/2017 7:00:00 PM HRES 3/22/2017 6:00:00 PM |
HJR 12 |