Legislature(2003 - 2004)

04/07/2003 01:03 PM Senate HES

Audio Topic
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
                SB 110-UNDER SCHOOL AGE STUDENTS                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR FRED DYSON announced SB 110 to be up for consideration.                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MR. EDDY  JEANS, School Finance Manager,  Department of Education                                                               
and Early  Development (DEED),  explained this  legislation would                                                               
clarify  in statute  the ability  of school  districts to  early-                                                               
enroll children who  are under school age, if they  are ready for                                                               
the  academics  that are  being  provided.  DEED asked  for  this                                                               
legislation  because  it has  come  to  DEED's attention  that  a                                                               
number of school  districts in the state  are basically enrolling                                                               
all  four-year olds  in what  they call  a two-year  kindergarten                                                               
program. The department  does not believe that was  the intent of                                                               
this legislation and  that it was intended strictly  to allow the                                                               
exceptional  child to  get in  early. The  bill says  the state's                                                               
intent is to  provide 13 years of funding for  K-12, not 14 years                                                               
of funding.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR GRETCHEN  GUESS asked if this  legislation would prohibit                                                               
a school district from having  a two-year kindergarten program if                                                               
it wanted to use other sources of funding.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
MR. JEANS  replied that  it would  not. It  just says  a district                                                               
would not  be able to  claim those students for  state foundation                                                               
funding.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR BETTYE DAVIS asked how much  this would save and how many                                                               
school districts are doing it. She  asked if the children who are                                                               
identified as needing the two years would be able to continue.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR.  JEANS  replied  the  department  believes  this  section  of                                                               
statute  was intended  to allow  the exceptional  child to  enter                                                               
kindergarten  at four-years  old and  advance to  first grade  at                                                               
five years old  as opposed to entering kindergarten  at five like                                                               
most  do. Some  schools have  instituted a  two-year kindergarten                                                               
program, but he would argue that is preschool.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DAVIS asked how many exceptional students there are.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR. JEANS  replied that DEED's  fiscal note identifies  all four-                                                               
year olds  that were  claimed under  the foundation  formula this                                                               
year and a savings of $3.9  million from the bill. He stated, "We                                                               
believe  some  of  these  children  are  eligible  to  be  early-                                                               
enrolled, but the  exact number I could not tell  you. We believe                                                               
it's a very small number."                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
He  noted  that right  now  over  600  four-year olds  have  been                                                               
enrolled in school statewide.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DAVIS  asked if  he had asked  the districts  to identify                                                               
those children.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
MR.  JEANS replied  that the  districts do  evaluations, but  the                                                               
standards have been set low enough  to allow any four year old to                                                               
enter  into  kindergarten. He  explained  that  the age  date  in                                                               
statute is August 15, so if a child  turns 5 on August 17, he can                                                               
be evaluated to  determine if he is ready  to enter kindergarten.                                                               
He noted:                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     We're trying  to address  an issue  that's come  to our                                                                    
     attention  since we  started  collecting student  level                                                                    
     data  and   we  can   identify  that  in   some  school                                                                    
     districts, the  population of four year  olds is almost                                                                    
     identical to  the population of  five year  olds, which                                                                    
     leads us to believe they are enrolling them all.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR WILKEN  asked when  this first  surfaced as  a foundation                                                               
formula issue.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR. JEANS  said DEED has  been collecting student level  data for                                                               
four years. He  heard rumors of it prior to  collecting the data,                                                               
but he couldn't verify it. He now has birth dates.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR WILKEN  noted a spreadsheet  in their packets  that shows                                                               
five school districts account for  about $2.5 million of the $3.5                                                               
million in funding.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR DYSON said it was recommended that lines 11-13 be deleted.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MR. JEANS  replied that is correct.  It was a clerical  error and                                                               
the  House  had  already  deleted  it from  the  House  bill.  He                                                               
explained that  the last sentence  says a child under  school age                                                               
may be  admitted to first  grade or  higher, if that  child meets                                                               
the minimum standards. This would  prevent that exceptional child                                                               
from being able to enter kindergarten.  He added that this is not                                                               
strictly a  foundation program  issue. He  added, "If  we provide                                                               
foundation  funding for  four-year olds,  then we  have to  allow                                                               
those  kids to  be counted  for space.  So, it  also affects  our                                                               
facility site at the shop."                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR GUESS  said she  hoped that  "under-age school  child" is                                                               
defined  somewhere. She  asked  if they  are  just talking  about                                                               
kindergarten to  first grade. She  wanted to make sure  there are                                                               
no unintended consequences at any other grade levels.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
MR.  JEANS replied  that is  right. It  is not  DEED's intent  to                                                               
prevent children who  need to be held back from  being held back.                                                               
The funding is based on 13 years of schooling.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR.  JOHN  DAVIS, Superintendent  of  the  Bering Straits  School                                                               
District,  opposed SB  110. He  said it  represents an  effort to                                                               
control state  spending, but he  is concerned that it  would only                                                               
save money in  the short term. This service is  being provided to                                                               
children  who are  among the  most  vulnerable and  educationally                                                               
needy. However, the  reduction in funding for  this program would                                                               
not create  the $3.5 million  represented. He contended  that the                                                               
bill  would  cost the  district  and  state additional  funds  in                                                               
remedial  services  and  other special  services  to  help  those                                                               
students who will  need any help they can get  in the future, but                                                               
that  in his  district  that would  not be  a  large number.  The                                                               
Bering Straits  School District has participated  in this program                                                               
for the last 13 years and he contends  this is not a new issue to                                                               
the department.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
SUPERINTENDENT DAVIS said  that they had heard  that this program                                                               
is intended  for only 13 years,  but students who do  not qualify                                                               
for  a diploma  through a  high  school qualifying  exam will  be                                                               
eligible  for yet  another year  of school  and possibly  two. He                                                               
would like  to continue  this program to  see that  students have                                                               
this effort  early and the  expectation of passing the  exam will                                                               
be more likely.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR  DYSON asked  how many  students  he has  enrolled in  this                                                               
category.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
SUPERINTENDENT DAVIS replied  that he has 100  children per class                                                               
in  his  school  district  and this  category  has  90  students.                                                               
District-wide there is a student count of 1,800.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MR. BRUCE  JOHNSON, Association of  Alaska School  Boards (AASB),                                                               
drew members' attention  to the governor's investment  plan as he                                                               
outlined his budget. One of  the categories under the mission for                                                               
the  Department of  Education and  Early Development  states high                                                               
quality early care and education  programs improve the well being                                                               
of young  children. Their  contention is that  the statute  as it                                                               
currently exists allows for early  intervention into the lives of                                                               
four-year olds who  often reside in poor, remote,  rural areas of                                                               
our state.  The notion is  that the  state begins to  serve those                                                               
kids as a preventative action.  A study conducted by the Economic                                                               
Policy  Institute  talks  about   equity  at  the  starting  gate                                                               
regarding  social background  and differences  in achievement  as                                                               
children begin  school. This study validates  that children enter                                                               
school  with wide  achievement disparities  and that  children in                                                               
the  highest socio-economic  groups scored  60 percent  higher in                                                               
mathematics and  reading as  compared to  children in  the lowest                                                               
categories.  These   findings  have  helped  support   what  many                                                               
educators have known for years  - the achievement gap begins long                                                               
before children enter school.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR   DYSON  stated   that  he   personally  hasn't   seen  any                                                               
correlation  between economic  standards and  school success.  He                                                               
thought  the social  and cultural  values  of a  family make  the                                                               
biggest difference.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR WILKEN asked if the  Legislature didn't do anything about                                                               
SB 110, would  the Fairbanks North Star Borough be  able to count                                                               
all four-year olds as kindergarteners.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MR.  JEANS replied  that  is  what could  happen.  This issue  is                                                               
before the Legislature now to  get some clarity on application of                                                               
the statute.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR WILKEN said  this looks truly like a policy  call that is                                                               
driven by the finances.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR DYSON asked Mr. Jeans if  DEED needs legislation to be able                                                               
to regulate the qualification standards.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR. JEANS answered that local  school districts set the standards                                                               
by department  regulation. A number of  different instruments can                                                               
be  used  to  assess  whether  or   not  a  child  is  ready  for                                                               
kindergarten or  first grade and  the department did not  feel it                                                               
could  say which  particular assessment  everyone should  use. He                                                               
felt  that  regulation basically  had  no  effect. He  said  this                                                               
legislation would go a long way to cure the problem.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  GREEN  moved to  delete  language  on  page 1,  line  12                                                               
beginning  with  "a  child"  through   line  13.  There  were  no                                                               
objections and it was so ordered.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DAVIS asked  for clarification. She said  people in those                                                               
five  school  districts  whom  she  has  talked  with  say  those                                                               
children need more  time. They are not coming  in because they're                                                               
exceptional, but  because they will  need more  than kindergarten                                                               
in order  to move  into the  first grade and  they want  to start                                                               
working with  them as early as  they can. That service  should be                                                               
provided to those that need it, similar to Headstart.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR GREEN  said it  would be interesting  to compare  the two                                                               
programs in Finance.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DAVIS said that Headstart  is not necessarily in the five                                                               
districts that are using this program.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
TAPE 03-17, SIDE B                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                              
SENATOR  DAVIS  said  that  some  of  the  districts  might  have                                                               
Headstart, but that some kids  from every district need more than                                                               
13  years  to   get  through  school.  Some  kids   are  kept  in                                                               
kindergarten  and some  are held  back in  first grade.  She said                                                               
this bill hurts the kids who need it the most.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR. JEANS agreed with many of  the things she said, but said DEED                                                               
is talking  about a policy  call of whether  or not the  State of                                                               
Alaska wants to provide preschool  funding through the foundation                                                               
program.  Many districts  would  enroll four  year  olds if  they                                                               
thought they  were going to get  state funding for them.  Many of                                                               
the districts  on the list  generate impact aid funding.  If they                                                               
operate  a  preschool program,  they  will  continue to  generate                                                               
impact  aid  funding, which  the  state  will  not count  in  the                                                               
foundation program.  The districts  would be  able to  retain 100                                                               
percent of  that funding and  continue to support  their program.                                                               
It's a fairness question. If some can  do it, all have to be able                                                               
to do it.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR WILKEN moved  to pass CSSB 110 (HES)  from committee with                                                               
individual recommendations  and its  attached fiscal  note. There                                                               
were no objections and it was so ordered.                                                                                       

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