Legislature(2025 - 2026)BELTZ 105 (TSBldg)

04/14/2025 03:30 PM Senate EDUCATION

Note: the audio and video recordings are distinct records and are obtained from different sources. As such there may be key differences between the two. The audio recordings are captured by our records offices as the official record of the meeting and will have more accurate timestamps. Use the icons to switch between them.

Download Mp3. <- Right click and save file as

* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
+= SB 82 EDUCATION:SCHOOLS; GRANTS; FUNDING; DEBT TELECONFERENCED
Heard & Held
-- Invited & Public Testimony --
+= SB 151 SCHOOL DISTRICT HEAD LICE POLICY TELECONFERENCED
Heard & Held
-- Invited & Public Testimony --
+= SB 118 ADD FACULTY MEMBER UNIV BOARD OF REGENTS TELECONFERENCED
Moved SB 118 Out of Committee
Bills Previously Heard/Scheduled
**Streamed live on AKL.tv**
        SB  82-EDUCATION:SCHOOLS; GRANTS; FUNDING; DEBT                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
3:35:32 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR TOBIN  announced the  consideration of  SENATE BILL  NO. 82                                                               
"An  Act  relating  to  education;   relating  to  public  school                                                               
attendance; relating to mobile  communication devices in schools;                                                               
relating  to reading  proficiency incentive  grants; relating  to                                                               
authorization of  charter schools; relating to  transportation of                                                               
students; relating  to school  bond debt  reimbursement; relating                                                               
to  funding  and reporting  by  Alaska  technical and  vocational                                                               
education  programs; authorizing  lump sum  payments for  certain                                                               
teachers as  retention and recruitment incentives;  and providing                                                               
for an effective date."                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
3:35:59 PM                                                                                                                    
DEENA  BISHOP,  COMMISSIONER,  Department of  Education  &  Early                                                               
Development (DEED), Juneau, Alaska, provided  a recap of SB 82 on                                                               
behalf of the administration. She  stated that previously she was                                                               
asked, "What problem is SB  82 trying to solve?" After reflection                                                               
she determined SB 82 is a  response to the reality that Alaska is                                                               
on  the  wrong  side  of the  nation's  most  critical  education                                                               
metrics.  According to  the most  recent  National Assessment  of                                                               
Educational  Progress (NAEP),  Alaska  ranks near  the bottom  in                                                               
reading and  math and  has the highest  teacher turnover  rate in                                                               
the country.  She stated  that these challenges  are not  new but                                                               
are worsening.  She said while  funding is  essential, experience                                                               
shows  that funding  alone  is  not the  answer.  She noted  that                                                               
during the  COVID-19 pandemic,  Alaska received  an unprecedented                                                               
influx of federal dollars; however,  despite that investment, the                                                               
state did  not see meaningful improvement  in student achievement                                                               
or teacher retention.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
3:37:13 PM                                                                                                                    
COMMISSIONER  BISHOP   stated  that  SB  82   combines  strategic                                                               
investment  with targeted  policy  to ensure  public dollars  are                                                               
aligned with  initiatives that made a  measurable difference. She                                                               
referenced the  Alaska Reads Act,  passed in 2022,  and explained                                                               
that lawmakers  consulted national and local  experts to identify                                                               
the most  critical components  of effective  reading instruction.                                                               
She  said the  result was  a comprehensive  policy rooted  in the                                                               
science of reading.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  BISHOP reported  that  in the  first  full year  of                                                               
implementation, the  percentage of kindergarten  students reading                                                               
at  grade level  increased from  24  percent to  60 percent.  She                                                               
stated  that such  progress came  from  a comprehensive  approach                                                               
that includes  early screening to identify  student risk, aligned                                                               
curriculum,  high-quality instruction,  structured interventions,                                                               
rigorous  professional development  for teachers,  and continuous                                                               
parent engagement and communication.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER BISHOP stated  that SB 82 builds on  that success by                                                               
targeting  funding   to  increase  reading   achievement  through                                                               
student  growth  and  achievement incentives,  strengthening  the                                                               
educator   workforce   through   lump-sum   retention   payments,                                                               
increasing  career and  technical  education  funding to  provide                                                               
hands-on pathways to  graduation and postsecondary opportunities,                                                               
and  supporting  classroom  environments  free  from  cell  phone                                                               
distractions.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  BISHOP  added  that  SB 82  expands  public  school                                                               
choice,   including   neighborhood  schools,   charter   schools,                                                               
correspondence programs,  and boarding  schools. She  stated that                                                               
Alaska's  public  charter schools  led  the  nation in  the  most                                                               
recent NAEP rankings and  demonstrated exceptional achievement in                                                               
reading  and math,  outperforming  peers nationwide  by one  full                                                               
year of learning. She said  this success shows that when families                                                               
are  given  options  and  schools   are  empowered  to  innovate,                                                               
outcomes improve.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER  BISHOP  concluded   that  Alaska  needs  additional                                                               
investment  in  public education,  but  that  investment must  be                                                               
paired with strong, evidence-based  policy rooted in transparency                                                               
and accountability.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
3:39:46 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  BJORKMAN  commented  that  that in  working  to  improve                                                               
education in Alaska, he had  observed that charter schools in his                                                               
district  maintained high  standards  and  high expectations  for                                                               
students  regarding what  they should  know,  understand, and  be                                                               
able to do.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR BJORKMAN  stated that standards across  other educational                                                               
opportunities  in the  state varied  widely, including  standards                                                               
for  high  school  graduation, readiness  for  high  school,  and                                                               
expectations regarding  regular attendance. He noted  that Alaska                                                               
values  personal  liberty  and  freedom and  allows  parents  and                                                               
students significant  latitude in  how they engage  in education,                                                               
including  attendance.  He  stated that  while  the  constitution                                                               
requires  education   for  children,   there  is   no  meaningful                                                               
expectation that they attend school consistently.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
3:41:02 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR BJORKMAN  said that when discussing  COVID-19 funding and                                                               
outcomes,  it is  important  to recognize  that  state and  local                                                               
funding remained  flat during that  period and that  schools lost                                                               
funding as enrollment declined. He  stated he is not certain that                                                               
attributing outcomes solely  to the influx of  federal dollars is                                                               
helpful.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  BJORKMAN   further  stated  that  blaming   teachers  or                                                               
professional  organizations is  also  not  productive. He  shared                                                               
that  he had  been a  teacher in  Alaska for  many years  and had                                                               
brought forward  ideas to improve  education, even  when referred                                                               
to as a  "problem teacher." He stated he  would continue bringing                                                               
forward  ideas focused  on raising  standards, expecting  regular                                                               
attendance,  and  requiring  students to  demonstrate  measurable                                                               
academic growth.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
3:42:21 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  BJORKMAN said  that until  the  state establishes  clear                                                               
expectations and  accountability for  all stakeholders,  it would                                                               
remain   difficult  to   ensure   education   dollars  are   used                                                               
effectively. He  expressed interest  in further  discussion about                                                               
attendance expectations,  performance measurements,  alignment to                                                               
state standards  or nationally  normed benchmarks,  and strategic                                                               
investments tied  to clear outcomes.  He stated he  looks forward                                                               
to continuing the conversation.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
3:43:08 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR STEVENS arrived at the meeting.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
3:43:32 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  TOBIN  mentioned  that the  NAEP  website  strongly  urges                                                               
caution against suggesting that NAEP  scores are indicative of or                                                               
causal  to  overall school  performance.  She  said NAEP  advises                                                               
considering  scores  alongside  socioeconomic  status  and  other                                                               
student  supports.  She   referenced  2024  fourth-grade  reading                                                               
scores  and noted  that  Alaska's non-economically  disadvantaged                                                               
students  scored 214,  which was  above the  national average  of                                                               
212. She  stated that economically disadvantaged  students scored                                                               
186.  She asked  Commissioner  Bishop to  explain the  difference                                                               
between the two groups and the services provided.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
3:44:19 PM                                                                                                                    
COMMISSIONER  BISHOP responded  that  additional federal  funding                                                               
was  provided through  Title [I]  for economically  disadvantaged                                                               
students.  She stated  that school  districts have  discretion in                                                               
determining how to  allocate those funds at the  school level and                                                               
develop  individual  school  plans   accordingly.  She  said  the                                                               
governor's  bill includes  open  enrollment  provisions to  allow                                                               
students greater  access to schools  regardless of  residence and                                                               
to help  address barriers,  including transportation.  She stated                                                               
that  where families  live is  sometimes a  choice and  sometimes                                                               
not, and open enrollment seeks to reduce geographic barriers.                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
3:45:49 PM                                                                                                                    
COMMISSIONER  BISHOP  explained   that  additional  services  are                                                               
provided through Title I programs  and that pre-K, as included in                                                               
the Alaska  Reads Act, also supports  early literacy development.                                                               
She stated  that specific differences  in services  would require                                                               
reviewing each  school's Title  [I] plan. She  said the  focus of                                                               
Title [I] funding  was to provide additional  services to support                                                               
students  who  were not  arriving  at  school  ready to  read  or                                                               
perform academically at grade level.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
3:46:14 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  TOBIN  replied  that  she did  not  fully  understand  the                                                               
explanation,   noting   that    the   performance   gap   between                                                               
economically  disadvantaged  and  non-economically  disadvantaged                                                               
students  was  approximately  26  points  on  the  NAEP  and  has                                                               
persisted since  2003. She  asked why the  gap has  continued and                                                               
how  to reduce  it. She  acknowledged  that SB  82 codifies  open                                                               
enrollment practices  already in place  in Alaska and  asked what                                                               
additional solutions might address the disparity.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
3:46:56 PM                                                                                                                    
COMMISSIONER  BISHOP  stated  that   school  choice  matters  and                                                               
referenced  a  Harvard study  on  NAEP  data related  to  charter                                                               
schools. She said the scores were a surprise:                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     "Specifically  speaking  for  the  students  that  were                                                                    
     economically  challenged. Our  ranking was  number one.                                                                    
     But when you remove  the students who were economically                                                                    
     challenged from  that study,  our ranking  dropped. And                                                                    
     so,  our non-economically  challenged students,  if you                                                                    
     will, actually dropped in the  ranking according to the                                                                    
     nation.  But in  Alaska,  they actually  stayed at  the                                                                    
     number  one  ranking.  And  the   same  was  true  for,                                                                    
     interestingly  enough, non-white.  When you  remove the                                                                    
     non-white  students  from  the  student  capture,  they                                                                    
     dropped. And it  was of interest to Harvard  to ask why                                                                    
     and  to share  that  something  about Alaska's  choice,                                                                    
     especially for Alaska Native students, is working."                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
3:47:54 PM                                                                                                                    
COMMISSIONER  BISHOP stated  that early  literacy is  critical to                                                               
closing achievement gaps  and referenced the Alaska  Reads Act as                                                               
a  key  policy focused  on  early  skills development.  She  said                                                               
research on  effective literacy instruction had  long existed but                                                               
that  consistent  implementation  had  varied.  She  stated  that                                                               
strong policy and  high standards are important  for all schools,                                                               
not  just   charter  schools.  She  agreed   that  standards  and                                                               
attendance  expectations   should  remain  high   statewide.  She                                                               
acknowledged that  reasons for  absenteeism varies  by community.                                                               
She concluded that while there  was no simple solution to closing                                                               
the achievement gap,  the state could continue  refining its laws                                                               
related  to   public  school  choice  and   other  evidence-based                                                               
policies  that   had  shown  results.   She  stated   that  those                                                               
principles informed the governor's legislation.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
3:49:13 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR TOBIN clarified that the  Harvard study referenced compared                                                               
charter  schools  to  charter schools,  not  charter  schools  to                                                               
traditional  public  schools.  She further  noted  that  Alaska's                                                               
charter  schools were  approximately  86 percent  white and  that                                                               
Alaska  did not  have  a statistically  representative sample  of                                                               
Black students  within NAEP data  for evaluation. She  added that                                                               
the  study's  author,   Mr.  Peterson,  acknowledged  significant                                                               
errors   in   codifying   Indigenous  students.   She   suggested                                                               
assumptions were made.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
3:49:41 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  CRONK   stated  that  many  of   the  issues  discussed,                                                               
including absenteeism  and truancy enforcement, fell  under local                                                               
control. He  said school districts  determine their  own policies                                                               
and   referenced  Gateway   School   District's  strict   truancy                                                               
enforcement practices, including sending  letters to families. He                                                               
asked if DEED  intends to take a more top-down  approach or leave                                                               
those   decisions  to   districts.   He   stated  that   parental                                                               
engagement,  particularly reading  to young  children, is  out of                                                               
the  direct  control  of  districts.  He  emphasized  that  early                                                               
literacy development  is strongly  influenced by  parents reading                                                               
with  their  children  and  noted  that  technology  distractions                                                               
present additional  challenges. He  questioned how the  state can                                                               
address parental  involvement when  it cannot compel  families to                                                               
prioritize education at home.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
3:51:04 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR TOBIN said  the number one predictor of  student success is                                                               
parent income.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  BJORKMAN referenced  comments from  educators that  many                                                               
students  enter  kindergarten  significantly  behind  in  reading                                                               
skills and suggest students start  school earlier. He shared that                                                               
he  began  kindergarten  shortly  after turning  five.  He  asked                                                               
Commissioner Bishop  for her opinion  on the age  children should                                                               
start school.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
COMMISSIONER BISHOP  replied that  early learning  was important.                                                               
She  referenced  programs  such   as  Parents  as  Teachers  that                                                               
supported  early intervention  and early  education in  homes and                                                               
childcare   settings.   She   stated  that   state   law   allows                                                               
approximately 14  different educational options for  parents. She                                                               
asked whether  he was referring  specifically to attendance  in a                                                               
classroom setting,  noting that education could  occur in various                                                               
formats.  She  stated  she  supports  early  learning  and  early                                                               
engagement, particularly in reading.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
3:53:05 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR BJORKMAN  clarified that  he was asking  whether students                                                               
should   engage  in   an  educational   modality  that   includes                                                               
measurable  assessment   of  growth   prior  to  age   seven.  He                                                               
referenced current statute requiring  attendance beginning at age                                                               
seven for first  grade and asked whether the  state should expect                                                               
five-  and   six-year-olds  to   begin  what   was  traditionally                                                               
recognized  as  kindergarten,  with accountability  for  learning                                                               
progress.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
3:53:56 PM                                                                                                                    
COMMISSIONER  BISHOP  responded  that  entry  into  school  is  a                                                               
parent's choice.  She stated that  she supports  kindergarten and                                                               
believes  it provides  valuable opportunities  for students.  She                                                               
noted  that   during  her  tenure,  many   kindergarten  programs                                                               
transitioned  from   part-day  to  full-day   instruction,  which                                                               
increased student  engagement. She acknowledged  the relationship                                                               
between parent income  and student outcomes but  stated she would                                                               
not characterize it as causation.  She said families with greater                                                               
means often have greater opportunities  to prepare their children                                                               
academically,  which  influences  learning outcomes.  She  stated                                                               
that schools seek to help  equalize opportunities so all students                                                               
can thrive. She asked whether  the question referred to statutory                                                               
requirements for compulsory education.  She stated that beginning                                                               
kindergarten at age five or first  grade at age six should remain                                                               
a parent's opportunity and choice.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
3:55:08 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR BJORKMAN  stated that the  legislature would  address the                                                               
issue  directly   through  legislation.  He  said   Alaska  often                                                               
emphasizes individual  liberty and  personal choice but  does not                                                               
consistently   pair  those   freedoms  with   accountability  for                                                               
students and  families. He stated  that choices made  by families                                                               
affect the  educational opportunities  available to  students. He                                                               
expressed   concern  that   when  students   do  not   engage  in                                                               
educational  opportunities,  schools  are  sometimes  blamed  for                                                               
outcomes that  were influenced by  family or  cultural decisions.                                                               
He  stated that  the success  of public  education in  Alaska was                                                               
ultimately  a  cultural  choice reflecting  how  much  the  state                                                               
values  education.   He  said  that  if   the  state  prioritizes                                                               
individual  liberty over  consistent participation  in education,                                                               
that is a  policy choice, but schools and teachers  should not be                                                               
blamed for outcomes resulting from  those choices. He stated that                                                               
future  legislation  will  address  attendance,  assessment,  and                                                               
academic standards  more directly.  He concluded  that measurable                                                               
growth  requires accountability  and engagement.  He stated  that                                                               
progress  cannot  occur   without  consistent  participation  and                                                               
support for learning.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
3:57:55 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  KIEHL  stated  that  his  question  relates  to  earlier                                                               
comments regarding  open enrollment  and the  Chair's observation                                                               
that  parental  income  is the  strongest  predictor  of  student                                                               
success. He  also referenced  Commissioner Bishop's  comment that                                                               
not all  families have the  means to  choose where they  live. He                                                               
noted that  in many  of the communities  he represents,  there is                                                               
only one school,  so open enrollment is not  a significant issue.                                                               
He  said there  are a  couple of  districts that  make effort  to                                                               
facilitate school  choice through  open enrollment.  He expressed                                                               
interest   in  the   equity  and   diversity  benefits   of  open                                                               
enrollment,  particularly  in  larger communities  with  multiple                                                               
schools. He noted research  suggesting that greater socioeconomic                                                               
and political  integration in schools improves  overall outcomes.                                                               
He stated concern about the  transportation costs associated with                                                               
open enrollment  in larger  districts. He  said the  bill directs                                                               
the  department to  assist with  transportation,  and the  fiscal                                                               
note includes  guesses about costs  depending on  assumptions. He                                                               
asked whether the  department has a clearer  understanding of how                                                               
the  transportation program  would operate,  including rules  and                                                               
limits,  particularly since  the  details  would develop  through                                                               
department regulation.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
4:00:19 PM                                                                                                                    
COMMISSIONER  BISHOP responded  that  in other  states with  open                                                               
enrollment  policies, participation  rates were  typically around                                                               
one percent and  are limited to available seats.  She stated that                                                               
the program would  operate only where open seats  exist and would                                                               
not be  pervasive. She said  funding for transportation  would be                                                               
finite   and   that   districts   would   have   flexibility   in                                                               
implementation.  She  explained   that  some  districts  organize                                                               
transportation through  hub systems rather  than neighborhood-to-                                                               
neighborhood  routes. She  noted that  charter schools  currently                                                               
receive   per-pupil   transportation   funding  and   that   some                                                               
participate in  district transportation  systems while  others do                                                               
not. She referenced existing  provisions under the McKinney-Vento                                                               
Act,   which  allows   transportation  assistance   for  students                                                               
experiencing housing  instability, including  gas cards  or other                                                               
supports.  She  stated  that   similar  mechanisms  could  inform                                                               
implementation of  open enrollment transportation.  She explained                                                               
that participation  would depend  on seat  availability, district                                                               
interest, and  parental demand. She  stated that  open enrollment                                                               
often allows parents to place  children near their workplace. She                                                               
acknowledged  that  implementation  would be  complex,  involving                                                               
seat  capacity, funding  limits, and  district coordination.  The                                                               
department   would  address   the  issue   incrementally  through                                                               
regulation  to reduce  barriers  for  families seeking  alternate                                                               
placements.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:03:08 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  KIEHL  stated  that  the   concept  was  compelling  but                                                               
expressed  concern  that   SB  82  did  not  include   a  cap  on                                                               
transportation costs.  He suggested  that if the  provision moved                                                               
forward,  it  might be  appropriate  to  delay implementation  to                                                               
allow  regulations   to  be  written   and  costs   more  clearly                                                               
identified before appropriation. He  emphasized the importance of                                                               
entering the program with fiscal clarity.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR TOBIN  stated that she shared  concerns regarding equitable                                                               
distribution of  finite transportation funds. She  questioned how                                                               
the state would ensure fair  access across districts, noting that                                                               
Anchorage and  Mat-Su could potentially  consume the  majority of                                                               
available funding.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
4:04:18 PM                                                                                                                    
COMMISSIONER BISHOP  responded that  interest in  open enrollment                                                               
transportation was primarily  anticipated in Southcentral Alaska,                                                               
particularly  between  Mat-Su  and  Anchorage.  She  stated  that                                                               
approximately  40 percent  of Mat-Su  residents commute  daily to                                                               
Anchorage  for work,  and that  this commuting  pattern is  a key                                                               
consideration in developing the legislation.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
4:04:58 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR TOBIN announced invited testimony on SB 82.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
4:05:16 PM                                                                                                                    
SUSAN  MCCAULEY,  Principal,  Birchtree Charter  School,  Palmer,                                                               
Alaska, testified by  invitation on SB 82  stating that Birchtree                                                               
was a  K8  Waldorf-inspired charter school  serving 415 students.                                                               
She said  she would address  common misconceptions  about charter                                                               
schools in Alaska, as charter schools are referenced in SB 82.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MS.  MCCAULEY stated  that charter  schools do  not receive  more                                                               
funding  than  traditional  neighborhood schools.  She  explained                                                               
that Alaska  statute requires funding  of charter schools  in the                                                               
same manner as other public  schools. She said that smaller class                                                               
sizes  in  some  charter  schools  reflect  intentional  staffing                                                               
decisions rather than additional funding.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
4:06:41 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  MCCAULEY  stated  that  many  charter  schools  lease  their                                                               
facilities and pay those costs  from their operating budgets. She                                                               
reported  that   Birchtree's  annual  lease  cost   is  $703,000,                                                               
representing  approximately  14  percent   of  its  $5.1  million                                                               
budget.  She  said  Birchtree  has paid  lease  costs  since  its                                                               
opening  14 years  ago.  She contrasted  this  with other  Mat-Su                                                               
schools, whose buildings are owned by the borough.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
MS.  MCCAULEY  stated  that districts  are  permitted  to  charge                                                               
charter  schools  up to  4  percent  of their  budget,  excluding                                                               
facility costs,  as an indirect  rate for services such  as human                                                               
resources, payroll,  and information  technology. She  noted that                                                               
some legislation proposes  increasing that cap to  8 percent. She                                                               
said such an increase could  double Birchtree's indirect fee from                                                               
$175,000 to over $350,000, which  would require eliminating staff                                                               
positions.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
4:08:59 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. MCCAULEY  stated that Birchtree currently  serves 61 students                                                               
that qualify  for special education,  representing 14  percent of                                                               
enrollment, and  that historically the school  had served special                                                               
education students  at rates equal  to or exceeding  the district                                                               
average. She stated  that SB 82 supports parent  voice and choice                                                               
and expressed support for that approach.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:09:47 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR KIEHL  asked for clarification regarding  facility costs,                                                               
stating other  schools in the  district also  incurred operations                                                               
and maintenance expenses.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MS.  MCCAULEY  responded  that   Birchtree  pays  all  utilities,                                                               
internet,   snow  removal,   and  garbage   collection,  totaling                                                               
approximately $100,000 annually, in  addition to its lease costs.                                                               
She  stated that  while districts  also  incurred operations  and                                                               
maintenance  expenses,   Birchtree  uniquely  pays   lease  costs                                                               
exceeding $700,000 annually.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  KIEHL asked  whether other  entities pay  facility space                                                               
costs for traditional Mat-Su schools  and sought clarification on                                                               
how those costs were covered.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
4:11:13 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  MCCAULEY responded  that Birchtree  receives  the same  per-                                                               
pupil  funding  as  other  public schools  and  did  not  receive                                                               
additional  facility  funding.  She   stated  that  all  facility                                                               
expenses  were  paid  from the  same  statutory  funding  formula                                                               
provided to public schools.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:11:45 PM                                                                                                                    
COMMISSIONER BISHOP  clarified that most Mat-Su  school buildings                                                               
are owned by the Mat-Su Borough and funded by taxpayers.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR TOBIN asked whether Birchtree's  lease requires payment for                                                               
capital improvements  or deferred  maintenance, or  whether those                                                               
costs were borne by the property owner.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
4:12:29 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. MCCAULEY responded that responsibility  depended on the lease                                                               
agreement. She stated that some  maintenance costs are covered by                                                               
the landlord  and others by  the school. She provided  an example                                                               
of approximately $18,000 spent on  carpet replacement due to wear                                                               
and tear, which the school covered under its lease terms.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
4:13:14 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  KIEHL  asked  where  in   statute  are  charter  schools                                                               
required to  pay for leased  space, noting that a  charter school                                                               
in Juneau operates in district-owned space.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MS. MCCAULEY offered  her understanding that because  there is no                                                               
exception for  facility costs  in statute,  the expenses  are the                                                               
charter  schools.  Charter  schools  are not  exempt  from  costs                                                               
relevant to  operation. She stated  that because  charter schools                                                               
receive the same per-pupil funding  as other public schools, they                                                               
are responsible  for all  operating costs,  including facilities,                                                               
unless  otherwise  provided.  She  opined  the  myth  is  Charter                                                               
schools receive  per-pupil funding  but have facility  costs that                                                               
are  significant  compared  to traditional  public  schools.  She                                                               
noted  that  some  charter   schools  located  in  district-owned                                                               
facilities  still  pay rent  and,  in  some cases,  utilities  to                                                               
occupy those spaces.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
4:14:55 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  KIEHL  said the  facility  issue  seems to  involve  two                                                               
factors.  One  factor is  the  cap  on  indirect which  limits  a                                                               
district's  ability  to  recover  costs.  He  suggested  that  if                                                               
districts  could fully  recover costs,  charter schools  might be                                                               
housed in  district-owned space  with maintenance  and operations                                                               
covered  similarly to  other public  schools.  He further  stated                                                               
that the  decision in some  districts to require  charter schools                                                               
to lease expensive  space appears to be a  local control decision                                                               
rather than a statewide problem requiring state intervention.                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MS. MCCAULEY responded  that in the Mat-Su  School District there                                                               
is no  available space in  district-owned facilities for  its six                                                               
charter   schools  to   occupy.   She  stated   that  Mat-Su   is                                                               
experiencing enrollment growth, unlike  many other districts. She                                                               
added that the  Mat-Su Borough and School  District recently took                                                               
action  to  address   the  facility  issue  by   placing  a  bond                                                               
proposition before  voters to fund construction  of three charter                                                               
school facilities, including Birchtree.  She said the proposition                                                               
passed and that construction of  a new school would significantly                                                               
reduce Birchtree's  facility costs  in the future.  She expressed                                                               
appreciation  for  the  borough and  district's  cooperation  and                                                               
support.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR TOBIN commented that she  is happy the school district made                                                               
a decision that  is right for their community.  She said everyone                                                               
on the committee is a strong supporter of local control.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:17:25 PM                                                                                                                    
HEATHER   GOTTSHALL,   representing  self,   Anchorage,   Alaska,                                                               
testified by  invitation on SB  82. She  said she is  a community                                                               
advocate  for school  choice. She  stated  that she  was born  in                                                               
Bethel, raised  in Kenai and  Anchorage, and later served  in the                                                               
military. She  said she worked  as a high school  English teacher                                                               
in multiple  states and has  observed various  education systems.                                                               
She  stated that  school choice  provides  families with  greater                                                               
opportunity  to support  their children's  academic success.  She                                                               
said she has attended both  traditional public schools and public                                                               
charter   schools    and   values    differentiated   educational                                                               
opportunities.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MS. GOTTSHALL expressed support for  SB 82, particularly its open                                                               
enrollment  provisions, which  she said  would allow  families to                                                               
select schools  and academic pathways that  meet their children's                                                               
specific  needs. She  stated that  the bill  requires transparent                                                               
reporting  on  school   capacity,  applications,  and  enrollment                                                               
decisions.  She  noted  that  the  bill  provides  transportation                                                               
assistance for students attending  schools outside their assigned                                                               
attendance  area and  includes funding  adjustments for  mid-year                                                               
enrollment increases.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
4:20:02 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. GOTTSHALL stated that SB  82 also supports charter schools by                                                               
allowing  initial  charter applications  to  go  directly to  the                                                               
State Board of Education. She  said she has spoken with community                                                               
members who  experienced barriers  in initiating  charter schools                                                               
under the current  process. She noted that SB 82  would allow the                                                               
University  of  Alaska and  local  governments  to authorize  new                                                               
charter  schools. She  further stated  that SB  82 increases  the                                                               
correspondence program funding factor  from 0.90 to 1.0 full-time                                                               
equivalent and  expands access to special  education services and                                                               
block grants.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MS.  GOTTSHALL stated  that SB  82 includes  provisions requiring                                                               
districts  to  adopt policies  limiting  student  cell phone  use                                                               
during   the   school   day,  while   allowing   exceptions   for                                                               
emergencies,   health   needs,   and   individualized   education                                                               
programs.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
4:22:03 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR TOBIN opened public testimony on SB 82.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
4:22:29 PM                                                                                                                    
NELS  ANDREASSEN, Executive  Director,  Alaska Municipal  League,                                                               
Juneau, Alaska, provided testimony on SB 82:                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
[Original punctuation provided.]                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     It feels like an auspicious moment in time.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     We  want to  acknowledge all  the hard  work that  this                                                                    
     body and its  counterpart in the House  have applied to                                                                    
     the question  of not just increasing  State funding for                                                                    
     public education,  but seeking other  improvements that                                                                    
     would increase efficacy thereof.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     Passage last week  of an increase to the  BSA of $1,000                                                                    
     is a critical  step forward, and back.  If the Governor                                                                    
     does veto HB  69 as indicated, we are  left with school                                                                    
     districts  that remain  underfunded. Maybe  there is  a                                                                    
     veto  override,   and  maybe   there  isn't,   but  the                                                                    
     potential  of the  latter  increases significantly  the                                                                    
     risks  involved for  Alaska's  schools, and  ultimately                                                                    
     communities.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     At  the   same  time,   there  are  clearly   areas  of                                                                    
     compromise that  were engendered by negotiations  on HB
     69. We hope  that where agreement was  fostered, it can                                                                    
     be the foundation for next steps.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     SB 82,  and its  companion in  the House,  are starting                                                                    
     points  perhaps,   which  offer  building   blocks  for                                                                    
     legislation that may navigate  a path for compromise as                                                                    
     we  move  forward. This  remains  a  priority for  AML,                                                                    
     since local  governments fund about  50 percent  of the                                                                    
     State's  public   education  obligation   in  municipal                                                                    
     school  districts,  where   the  majority  of  students                                                                    
     attend, and own  and maintain 75 percent  of schools in                                                                    
     Alaska.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     We  have  said  before  that  we  appreciate  that  the                                                                    
     Governor, alongside  House and Senate  leadership, have                                                                    
     prioritized  addressing the  challenges experienced  by                                                                    
     Alaska's public  education system. We  fully understand                                                                    
     that both bodies need the  votes to advance legislation                                                                    
     that increases  and inflation  proofs the  BSA, without                                                                    
     threat of  a gubernatorial veto. Clearly,  the multiple                                                                    
     sides involved  must reach  a compromise.  We recognize                                                                    
     that  this involves  careful  negotiations between  the                                                                    
     Governor,  and both  majorities and  minorities in  the                                                                    
     Legislature.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     Please,  for  the  sake   of  our  students,  families,                                                                    
     communities,  and businesses,  let's  continue to  work                                                                    
     toward negotiated solutions.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     First, note  that AML members  have voted to  support a                                                                    
     higher and inflation-proof BSA,  and we agree that this                                                                    
     is a  different than and  as important a  discussion as                                                                    
     accountability  measures.  Clearly,  a  starved  system                                                                    
     doesn't  produce   results  that  attract   and  retain                                                                    
     Alaskans.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     We  are  interested  in  a   Task  Force  on  Education                                                                    
     Funding, that was earlier proposed  and are prepared to                                                                    
     engage    diligently   in    offering   solutions    or                                                                    
     contributing  perspectives   that  may   not  otherwise                                                                    
     arise.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:25:24 PM                                                                                                                    
QUINCY  AZIMI-TABRIZI,  Deputy   State  Director,  Americans  for                                                               
Prosperity,  Anchorage, Alaska,  testified in  support of  SB 82.                                                               
She  said   she  supports  expanding  opportunities   for  Alaska                                                               
students  by  strengthening  open enrollment,  allowing  multiple                                                               
charter   school   authorizers,   and  increasing   funding   for                                                               
correspondence  school  programs.  She  stated  she  grew  up  in                                                               
Anchorage  and  attended  both  a public  charter  school  and  a                                                               
neighborhood public school.  She said she had  great teachers and                                                               
access to  an education that  worked for her but  emphasized that                                                               
every child  learns differently. She stated  that families across                                                               
Alaska, both  urban and rural,  deserve educational  options that                                                               
fit their learning styles.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
MS. AZIMI-TABRIZI  stated that  open enrollment  empowers parents                                                               
to  choose  the school  that  best  fits their  children's  needs                                                               
regardless  of zip  code. She  noted  that 84  percent of  states                                                               
offer  some  form of  open  enrollment  and  that 70  percent  of                                                               
Americans support it  across party lines. She  stated that Alaska                                                               
is the  only state that  relies solely on local  school districts                                                               
to authorize charter  schools. She noted that  every other state,                                                               
except   for   Hawaii,   has  multiple   authorizers,   including                                                               
universities and  independent chartering boards. She  stated that                                                               
expanding  authorizer  options   would  help  communities  create                                                               
schools  that meet  local  needs.  Public correspondence  schools                                                               
already serve  nearly 1  in 5 students  in Alaska.  However, they                                                               
only receive  about 90  percent of the  BSA compared  to district                                                               
schools that average 2.2 times  the BSA, after multipliers. These                                                               
programs  save  the state  around  $150  million per  year.  Even                                                               
increasing correspondence schools to the  full BSA would save the                                                               
state  about $7,200  per student,  while  giving families  better                                                               
access  to resources  and curriculums.  She opined  that together                                                               
the policies  give students and  educators more options  and make                                                               
sure every  child in  Alaska has  a real  chance to  succeed. She                                                               
urged support for SB 82.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:27:45 PM                                                                                                                    
JOHN WEETMAN, Principal, Matsu  School District, Wasilla, Alaska,                                                               
Testified  in support  of  SB  82. He  stated  he celebrated  his                                                               
fortieth year  as an educator  in Alaska and explained  that Twin                                                               
Rivers operates as a correspondence  charter school serving about                                                               
600 K12  students  and families in the Mat-Su  Borough. He stated                                                               
SB  82 would  improve  educational access  and innovation  across                                                               
Alaska by  empowering families, educators, and  local communities                                                               
and by  allowing charter  school applications  to go  directly to                                                               
the State Board of Education,  which would streamline the process                                                               
and  reduce  delays and  barriers  for  innovative educators  and                                                               
underserved  communities.  He  stated  expanding  charter  school                                                               
authorizers  to  include  the  University  of  Alaska  and  local                                                               
governments would create  collaboration opportunities and support                                                               
a wider  range of  educational models.  He added  that increasing                                                               
the funding formula  for correspondence students from  0.9 to 1.0                                                               
FTE  would correct  a longstanding  inequity and  acknowledge the                                                               
growing  role and  success of  home-based  and flexible  learning                                                               
models. He  said SB 82  would expand access to  special education                                                               
services  for correspondence  students,  make  them eligible  for                                                               
block grants,  and support  educational opportunity  for students                                                               
and families across Alaska.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:30:29 PM                                                                                                                    
AUDRI  JIRAK, representing  self, Wasilla,  Alaska, testified  in                                                               
support of SB  82. She stated that she has  two children enrolled                                                               
in  American  Charter School.  She  said  Alaska ranks  near  the                                                               
bottom nationally in  math and reading test  scores while charter                                                               
schools perform at the top. She  stated that SB 82 would increase                                                               
school  choice and  collaboration  and  allow additional  charter                                                               
schools to be established. She noted  that there is a waitlist at                                                               
almost every  charter school  in the  Mat-Su School  District and                                                               
said parents  want more  school options  for their  children. She                                                               
stated  that  having incentives  and  goals  is  a great  way  to                                                               
motivate  educators  to  achieve student  growth.  She  expressed                                                               
support for  a cell phonefree   environment policy  and increased                                                               
funding for CTE  programs. She said new funding  should be paired                                                               
with reform  and accountability. She  concluded that SB  82 would                                                               
benefit students statewide.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:32:26 PM                                                                                                                    
AMANDA THOMPSON, representing  self, Anchorage, Alaska, testified                                                               
in support of SB  82. She said she is a  teacher in the Anchorage                                                               
School District and  that teaching is difficult due to  a lack of                                                               
support.  She stated  that  SB 82  contains  "bright spots"  that                                                               
support  teachers, such  as reading  incentive  grants. She  said                                                               
schools  should incentivize  good work  from students.  She added                                                               
that she  is teaching  at a neighborhood  school to  help achieve                                                               
better results for the students  attending there. She said school                                                               
choice  allows  students  who  an  alternative  to  move  out  of                                                               
neighborhood   classrooms,  allowing   more  attention   for  the                                                               
students who  remain. She concluded that  SB 82 is a  win-win and                                                               
urged its support.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
4:34:51 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR TOBIN closed public testimony on SB 82.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
4:34:58 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR TOBIN held SB 82 in committee.                                                                                            

Document Name Date/Time Subjects