SCS CSHB 7(JUD): "An Act authorizing establishment of community dispute resolution centers to foster the resolution of disputes between juvenile offenders and their victims, and providing immunity from civil suits for members of the boards of directors and certain participants in youth courts."
00SENATE CS FOR CS FOR HOUSE BILL NO. 7(JUD) 01 "An Act authorizing establishment of community dispute resolution centers to 02 foster the resolution of disputes between juvenile offenders and their victims, and 03 providing immunity from civil suits for members of the boards of directors and 04 certain participants in youth courts." 05 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF ALASKA: 06 * Section 1. AS 47.12.040(a) is amended to read: 07 (a) Whenever circumstances subject a minor to the jurisdiction of this chapter, 08 the court shall 09 (1) provide, under procedures adopted by court rule, that, for a minor 10 who is alleged to be a delinquent minor under AS 47.12.020, a state agency shall make 11 a preliminary inquiry to determine if any action is appropriate and may take 12 appropriate action to adjust the matter without a court hearing; if, under this paragraph, 13 (A) the state agency makes a preliminary inquiry and takes 14 appropriate action to adjust the matter without a court hearing, the minor may
01 not be detained or taken into custody as a condition of the adjustment and, 02 subject to AS 47.12.060, the matter shall be closed by the agency if the minor 03 successfully completes all that is required of the minor by the agency in the 04 adjustment; in a municipality or municipalities in which a youth court has been 05 established under AS 47.12.400, adjustment of the matter under this paragraph 06 may include referral to the youth court; if a community dispute resolution 07 center has been established under AS 47.12.450(a) and has obtained 08 recognition under AS 47.12.450(b), adjustment of the matter under this 09 paragraph may include use of the services of the community dispute 10 resolution center; 11 (B) the agency concludes that the matter may not be adjusted 12 without a court hearing, the agency may file a petition under (2) of this 13 subsection setting out the facts; or 14 (2) appoint a competent person or agency to make a preliminary inquiry 15 and report for the information of the court to determine whether the interests of the 16 public or of the minor require that further action be taken; if, under this paragraph, the 17 court appoints a person or agency to make a preliminary inquiry and to report to it, 18 then upon the receipt of the report, the court may informally adjust the matter without 19 a hearing, or it may authorize the person having knowledge of the facts of the case to 20 file with the court a petition setting out the facts; if the court informally adjusts the 21 matter, the minor may not be detained or taken into the custody of the court as a 22 condition of the adjustment, and the matter shall be closed by the court upon 23 adjustment. 24 * Sec. 2. AS 47.12.120(b) is amended to read: 25 (b) If the court finds that the minor is delinquent, it shall 26 (1) order the minor committed to the department for a period of time 27 not to exceed two years or in any event extend past the day the minor becomes 19 28 years of age, except that the department may petition for and the court may grant in 29 a hearing (A) two-year extensions of commitment that do not extend beyond the 30 minor's 19th birthday if the extension is in the best interests of the minor and the 31 public; and (B) an additional one-year period of supervision past age 19 if continued
01 supervision is in the best interests of the person and the person consents to it; the 02 department shall place the minor in the juvenile facility that the department considers 03 appropriate and that may include a juvenile correctional school, juvenile work camp, 04 treatment facility, detention home, or detention facility; the minor may be released 05 from placement or detention and placed on probation on order of the court and may 06 also be released by the department, in its discretion, under AS 47.12.260; 07 (2) order the minor placed on probation, to be supervised by the 08 department, and released to the minor's parents, guardian, or a suitable person; if the 09 court orders the minor placed on probation, it may specify the terms and conditions 10 of probation; the probation may be for a period of time not to exceed two years and 11 in no event to extend past the day the minor becomes 19 years of age, except that the 12 department may petition for and the court may grant in a hearing 13 (A) two-year extensions of supervision that do not extend 14 beyond the minor's 19th birthday if the extension is in the best interests of the 15 minor and the public; and 16 (B) an additional one-year period of supervision past age 19 if 17 the continued supervision is in the best interests of the person and the person 18 consents to it; 19 (3) order the minor committed to the custody of the department and 20 placed on probation, to be supervised by the department, and released to the minor's 21 parents, guardian, other suitable person, or suitable nondetention setting such as a 22 family home, group care facility, or child care facility, whichever the department 23 considers appropriate to implement the treatment plan of the predisposition report; if 24 the court orders the minor placed on probation, it may specify the terms and conditions 25 of probation; the department may transfer the minor, in the minor's best interests, from 26 one of the probationary placement settings listed in this paragraph to another, and the 27 minor, the minor's parents or guardian, and the minor's attorney are entitled to 28 reasonable notice of the transfer; the probation may be for a period of time not to 29 exceed two years and in no event to extend past the day the minor becomes 19 years 30 of age, except that the department may petition for and the court may grant in a 31 hearing
01 (A) two-year extensions of commitment that do not extend 02 beyond the minor's 19th birthday if the extension is in the best interests of the 03 minor and the public; and 04 (B) an additional one-year period of supervision past age 19 if 05 the continued supervision is in the best interests of the person and the person 06 consents to it; 07 (4) order the minor and the minor's parent to make suitable restitution 08 in lieu of or in addition to the court's order under (1), (2), or (3) of this subsection; 09 under this paragraph, 10 (A) except as provided in (B) of this paragraph, the court may 11 not refuse to make an order of restitution to benefit the victim of the act of the 12 minor that is the basis of the delinquency adjudication; under this 13 subparagraph, the court may require the minor to use the services of a 14 community dispute resolution center that has been recognized by the 15 commissioner under AS 47.12.450(b) to resolve any dispute between the 16 minor and the victim of the minor's offense as to the amount of or manner 17 of payment of the restitution; and 18 (B) the court may not order payment of restitution by the parent 19 of a minor who is a runaway or missing minor for an act of the minor that was 20 committed by the minor after the parent has made a report to a law 21 enforcement agency, as authorized by AS 47.10.141(a), that the minor has run 22 away or is missing; for purposes of this subparagraph, "runaway or missing 23 minor" means a minor who a parent reasonably believes is absent from the 24 minor's residence for the purpose of evading the parent or who is otherwise 25 missing from the minor's usual place of abode without the consent of the 26 parent; 27 (5) order the minor committed to the department for placement in an 28 adventure based education program established under AS 47.21.020 with conditions 29 the court considers appropriate concerning release upon satisfactory completion of the 30 program or commitment under (1) of this subsection if the program is not satisfactorily 31 completed;
01 (6) in addition to an order under (1) - (5) of this subsection, if the 02 delinquency finding is based on the minor's violation of AS 11.71.030(a)(3) or 03 11.71.040(a)(4), order the minor to perform 50 hours of community service; for 04 purposes of this paragraph, "community service" includes work 05 (A) on a project identified in AS 33.30.901; or 06 (B) that, on the recommendation of the city council or 07 traditional village council, would benefit persons within the city or village who 08 are elderly or disabled; or 09 (7) in addition to an order under (1) - (6) of this subsection, order the 10 minor's parent or guardian to comply with orders made under AS 47.12.155, including 11 participation in treatment under AS 47.12.155(b)(1). 12 * Sec. 3. AS 47.12.400 is amended by adding a new subsection to read: 13 (g) An individual who is a member or an agent of the board of directors of a 14 nonprofit corporation that has obtained recognition from the commissioner to serve as 15 a youth court under this section is immune from suit in a civil action based upon the 16 exercise or performance of or the failure to exercise or perform a discretionary 17 function or a discretionary duty as a member of the board of directors or that has been 18 properly delegated by the board of directors. An individual who tries, represents, or 19 adjudicates a minor in a youth court is immune from suit in a civil action based upon 20 the exercise or performance of or the failure to exercise or perform a discretionary 21 function or a discretionary duty within the individual's quasi-judicial capacity with the 22 youth court. A nonprofit corporation that has obtained recognition from the 23 commissioner to serve as a youth court is immune from suit in a civil action based 24 upon an act or failure to act for which an individual is granted immunity under this 25 subsection. 26 * Sec. 4. AS 47.12 is amended by adding a new section to read: 27 Article 3A. Community Dispute Resolution Centers. 28 Sec. 47.12.450. Community dispute resolution centers for matters involving 29 minors. (a) An entity organized for the purpose of providing community mediation 30 services may establish and operate a community dispute resolution center to resolve 31 disputes between minors who are alleged to have committed offenses and the victims
01 of those offenses. 02 (b) The commissioner may recognize an entity organized for the purpose of 03 providing community mediation services as a community dispute resolution center to 04 serve as a center to resolve disputes between minors and victims. Before extending 05 recognition under this subsection, the commissioner shall determine that the bylaws of 06 the entity set out standards and procedures 07 (1) for filing requests for dispute resolution services with the center and 08 for scheduling mediation sessions participated in by the parties to the dispute; 09 (2) to ensure that each dispute mediated meets the criteria for 10 appropriateness for mediation and for rejecting disputes that do not meet the criteria; 11 (3) for giving notice of time, place, and nature of the mediation session 12 to the parties, and for conducting mediation sessions that comply with the provisions 13 of this section; 14 (4) to ensure that participation by all parties is voluntary; 15 (5) for obtaining referrals from public and private bodies; 16 (6) for providing mediators who, during the dispute resolution process, 17 may not make decisions or determinations of the issues involved, but who shall 18 facilitate negotiations by the participants themselves to achieve a voluntary resolution 19 of the issues; 20 (7) for communicating to the agency making a referral under 21 AS 47.12.040(a)(1)(A) or the court making a referral under AS 47.12.120(b)(4)(A), as 22 appropriate, the following: 23 (A) notice that the minor and victim have been unable to enter 24 into a written agreement under (d)(2) of this section or that the minor or victim 25 has withdrawn from mediation as authorized by (f) of this section; 26 (B) notice that the minor and victim have entered into a written 27 agreement under (d)(2) of this section; the center shall transmit a copy of the 28 agreement to the agency or the court, as appropriate; 29 (C) notice that the minor has failed to perform fully the minor's 30 obligations under the written agreement under (d)(2) of this section; 31 (D) notice that the minor has successfully completed all that is
01 required of the minor under the provisions of the written agreement under 02 (d)(2) of this section; and 03 (8) for informing and educating the community about the community 04 dispute resolution center and encouraging the use of the center's services in appropriate 05 cases. 06 (c) A center established under this section shall provide dispute resolution 07 services between a minor who has committed an offense and who, because of the 08 commission of the offense, may be alleged to be a delinquent minor under 09 AS 47.12.020, and a person who was a victim of that offense. The center shall 10 provide dispute resolution services either without charge to a participant or for a fee 11 that is based on the participant's ability to pay. 12 (d) In conducting a dispute resolution process under this section, a center shall 13 require that 14 (1) the minor and the victim enter into a written agreement that 15 expresses the method by which they shall attempt to resolve the issues in dispute; and 16 (2) at the conclusion of the dispute resolution process, the minor and 17 the victim enter into a written agreement that sets out the settlement of the issues and 18 the future responsibilities, if any, of each party. 19 (e) Except for a notice or a communication described in (b)(7) of this section, 20 all memoranda, work notes or products, or case files of centers established under this 21 section are confidential and privileged and are not subject to disclosure in any judicial 22 or administrative proceeding unless the court or administrative tribunal determines that 23 the materials were submitted by a participant to the center for the purpose of avoiding 24 discovery of the material in a subsequent proceeding. Any communication relating to 25 the subject matter of the resolution made during the resolution process by a participant, 26 mediator, or another person is a privileged communication and is not subject to 27 disclosure in a judicial or administrative proceeding unless all parties to the 28 communication waive the privilege. However, privilege and limitation on evidentiary 29 use set out in this subsection do not apply to a communication of a threat that injury 30 or damage may be inflicted on a person or on the property of a party to the dispute 31 to the extent the communication may be relevant evidence in a criminal matter.
01 (f) A minor or a victim who enters a dispute resolution process at a center 02 established under this section may revoke consent, withdraw from dispute resolution, 03 and seek judicial or administrative redress before reaching a written resolution 04 agreement. The withdrawal must be in writing. If a minor or a victim withdraws from 05 dispute resolution, a legal penalty, sanction, or restraint may not be imposed upon the 06 person for that withdrawal. 07 (g) A center established under this section may seek and accept contributions 08 and any other available money and may expend the money to carry out the purposes 09 of this section. 10 (h) An individual who is a member or an agent of the board of directors of or 11 a mediator at a community dispute resolution center is immune from suit in a civil 12 action based upon the exercise or performance of or the failure to exercise or perform 13 a discretionary function or a discretionary duty within the official capacity of the 14 individual. A community dispute resolution center is immune from suit in a civil 15 action based upon an act or failure to act for which an individual is granted immunity 16 under this subsection. 17 (i) In this section, "center" means a community dispute resolution center.