02/06/2008 01:30 PM Senate HEALTH, EDUCATION & SOCIAL SERVICES
| Audio | Topic | 
|---|---|
| Start | |
| SJR17 | |
| HB252 | |
| Alaska Brain Injury Network Presentation | |
| Adjourn | 
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
| *+ | SCR 17 | TELECONFERENCED | |
| + | HB 252 | TELECONFERENCED | |
                    ALASKA STATE LEGISLATURE                                                                                  
SENATE HEALTH, EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SERVICES STANDING COMMITTEE                                                               
                        February 6, 2008                                                                                        
                           1:35 p.m.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Senator Bettye Davis, Chair                                                                                                     
Senator Joe Thomas, Vice Chair                                                                                                  
Senator John Cowdery (via teleconference)                                                                                       
Senator Kim Elton                                                                                                               
Senator Fred Dyson                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
All members present                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION NO. 17                                                                                             
Relating to establishing March 2008 as Brain Injury Awareness                                                                   
Month.                                                                                                                          
     MOVED SCR 17 OUT OF COMMITTEE                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
CS FOR HOUSE BILL NO. 252(STA)                                                                                                  
"An Act requiring paid leave from employment for organ and bone                                                                 
marrow donation."                                                                                                               
     MOVED CSHB 252(STA) OUT OF COMMITTEE                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
Alaska Brain Injury Network Presentation                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
PREVIOUS COMMITTEE ACTION                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
BILL: SCR 17                                                                                                                  
SHORT TITLE: BRAIN INJURY AWARENESS MONTH: MARCH 2008                                                                           
SPONSOR(s): SENATOR(s) MCGUIRE                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
01/23/08       (S)       READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRALS                                                                        
01/23/08       (S)       HES                                                                                                    
02/06/08       (S)       HES AT 1:30 PM BUTROVICH 205                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
BILL: HB 252                                                                                                                  
SHORT TITLE: LEAVE FOR ORGAN/BONE MARROW DONATIONS                                                                              
SPONSOR(s): REPRESENTATIVE(s) LEDOUX                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
05/03/07       (H)       READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRALS                                                                        
05/03/07       (H)       HES, STA                                                                                               
05/08/07       (H)       HES AT 3:00 PM CAPITOL 106                                                                             
05/08/07       (H)       Moved CSHB 252(HES) Out of Committee                                                                   
05/08/07       (H)       MINUTE(HES)                                                                                            
05/10/07       (H)       HES RPT CS(HES) 4DP 2NR 1AM                                                                            
05/10/07       (H)       DP: ROSES, GARDNER, CISSNA, WILSON                                                                     
05/10/07       (H)       NR: SEATON, FAIRCLOUGH                                                                                 
05/10/07       (H)       AM: NEUMAN                                                                                             
05/12/07       (H)       STA AT 9:00 AM CAPITOL 106                                                                             
05/12/07       (H)       Moved CSHB 252(STA) Out of Committee                                                                   
05/12/07       (H)       MINUTE(STA)                                                                                            
05/13/07       (H)       STA RPT CS(STA) 5DP 1NR                                                                                
05/13/07       (H)       DP: DOLL, GRUENBERG, JOHANSEN, ROSES,                                                                  
                         LYNN                                                                                                   
05/13/07       (H)       NR: COGHILL                                                                                            
05/14/07       (H)       TRANSMITTED TO (S)                                                                                     
05/14/07       (H)       VERSION: CSHB 252(STA)                                                                                 
05/15/07       (S)       READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRALS                                                                        
05/15/07       (S)       HES, STA, FIN                                                                                          
02/06/08       (S)       HES AT 1:30 PM BUTROVICH 205                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
WITNESS REGISTER                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR McGUIRE                                                                                                                 
Alaska State Legislature                                                                                                        
Juneau, AK                                                                                                                      
POSITION STATEMENT: Sponsor of SCR 17.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
JILL HODGES, Executive Director                                                                                                 
Alaska Brain Injury Network                                                                                                     
Anchorage, AK                                                                                                                   
POSITION STATEMENT: Supported TBI awareness & education.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
RICHARD WARRINGTON, Appointed Ambassador                                                                                        
Brain Injury Association of America                                                                                             
Anchorage, AK                                                                                                                   
POSITION STATEMENT: Provided a personal perspective on the issue                                                              
of TBI.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
MARY WARRINGTON, Board Member                                                                                                   
Alaska Brain Injury Network                                                                                                     
Anchorage, AK                                                                                                                   
POSITION STATEMENT: Provided a personal perspective on the issue                                                              
of TBI.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
CAPTAIN RICHARD BARKER, Clinical Psychologist                                                                                   
Elmendorf Air Force Base                                                                                                        
Anchorage, AK                                                                                                                   
POSITION STATEMENT:  Explained how  the military is  handling TBI                                                             
diagnosis and treatment.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
STEPHANIE TANNER, representing herself                                                                                          
Anchorage, AK                                                                                                                   
POSITION   STATEMENT:   Stressed   the   importance   of   prompt                                                             
identification & treatment of TBI.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
DR. RUSSELL S. CHERRY, Neuropsychologist                                                                                        
Providence Hospital                                                                                                             
Anchorage, AK                                                                                                                   
POSITION   STATEMENT:  Testified   to  the   importance  of   TBI                                                             
awareness, education & improved treatment systems.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
ACTION NARRATIVE                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR  BETTYE  DAVIS  called the  Senate  Health,  Education  and                                                             
Social Services  Standing Committee  meeting to order  at 1:35:34                                                             
PM. Present  at the  call to order  were Senators  Elton, Thomas,                                                             
Dyson, and Chair Davis.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
        SCR 17-BRAIN INJURY AWARENESS MONTH: MARCH 2008                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:35:54 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR DAVIS announced SCR 17 to be up for consideration.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  McGUIRE, sponsor  of SCR  17,  said the  reason this  is                                                               
important to  her is that  her brother was  in a car  accident in                                                               
1992 and suffered  a traumatic brain injury. At  that time Alaska                                                               
was  ill   prepared  to   respond  to   her  family's   need  for                                                               
information.  The point  of the  resolution is  to make  March of                                                               
2008  Brain Injury  Awareness Month,  to raise  awareness of  the                                                               
problem  and bring  attention to  prevention,  treatment and  the                                                               
support that  is available to  victims and their  families. Brain                                                               
injury  is  the  leading  cause of  death  and  disability  among                                                               
children and young  adults in Alaska. An  estimated 12,000 people                                                               
state wide  have suffered from  traumatic brain injury  (TBI) and                                                               
most have suffered in silence.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
1:38:16 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR McGUIRE  continued that the  problem is  often overlooked                                                               
because  victims   of  traumatic  brain  injury   are  not  often                                                               
encountered in public  and the families of victims  don't tend to                                                               
talk  about it.  Although  passing a  resolution  cannot fix  the                                                               
problem  in  any immediate  way,  passing  a resolution  and  the                                                               
testimony  that goes  with it  can highlight  a really  important                                                               
problem.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
1:40:42 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  DYSON said  he had  asked before  whether the  committee                                                               
would  consider  making  it  "Brain  Injury  Month"  rather  than                                                               
"Traumatic Brain Injury  Month" in light of the  fact that Alaska                                                               
leads the  nation in  non-traumatic brain  injuries, particularly                                                               
pre-natal  alcohol syndrome.  He wondered  whether the  committee                                                               
had considered  his request to make  that change in the  focus of                                                               
this month.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR McGUIRE pointed  out that the title of  the resolution is                                                               
"Brain  Injury Awareness  Month,"  but agreed  that  it would  be                                                               
helpful  to  offer  more  statistics  about  non-traumatic  brain                                                               
injury and  said she  was willing  to do so.  She added  that the                                                               
Brain  Injury Network  has evolved  to  include a  focus on  non-                                                               
traumatic  brain  injuries and  would  be  able to  provide  more                                                               
information.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
1:42:19 PM                                                                                                                    
JILL  HODGES, Executive  Director, Alaska  Brain Injury  Network,                                                               
Anchorage AK,  said it is  important to keep traumatic  injury in                                                               
focus because the  state has begun to develop  capacity for other                                                               
sorts of  brain injuries  such as  fetal alcohol  syndrome (FASD)                                                               
and  stroke,  but  awareness and  services  for  traumatic  brain                                                               
injury were still very limited. She  felt that if they could beef                                                               
up  the system  for traumatic  brain injury,  the other  acquired                                                               
brain injuries would also benefit  from increases to state funded                                                               
brain injury programs.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
1:43:19 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  DYSON  said  he inferred  that,  although  non-traumatic                                                               
brain  injury  is hugely  important,  they  would prefer  not  to                                                               
dilute their efforts here away from traumatic brain injury.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MS. HODGES agreed.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:44:38 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR THOMAS  commented that he  shares the same  concerns that                                                               
Senator Dyson articulated,  although he was unwilling  to hold up                                                               
the resolution based  on his concerns. He stated that  there is a                                                               
fair  amount  of  information  available  about  traumatic  brain                                                               
injury  and non-traumatic  brain injury.  Both are  important and                                                               
should be  emphasized. The  title is  already appropriate  and he                                                               
encouraged  them  to  continue  to look  at  the  possibility  of                                                               
broadening the focus as the resolution moves forward.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
1:45:57 PM                                                                                                                    
RICHARD  WARRINGTON,  Ambassador,  Brain  Injury  Association  of                                                               
America, Anchorage  AK, said  he is the  survivor of  a traumatic                                                               
brain  injury  that occurred  over  30  years  ago and  is  still                                                               
disabled from  his injury.  He encouraged  the committee  to pass                                                               
the  resolution   and  apprised  them  that   congress  was  also                                                               
considering  a  resolution  to create  a  national  brain  injury                                                               
awareness month.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
1:47:10 PM                                                                                                                    
MARY  WARRINGTON,  Board  Member, Alaska  Brain  Injury  Network,                                                               
Anchorage AK, said  her two brothers suffered  brain injuries and                                                               
people need to be made aware of the problem.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  THOMAS  moved  to  report SCR  17  from  committee  with                                                               
individual  recommendations and  attached  fiscal note(s).  There                                                               
being no objection, the motion carried.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
          HB 252-LEAVE FOR ORGAN/BONE MARROW DONATIONS                                                                      
                                                                                                                              
CHAIR DAVIS  announced the consideration  of HB 252.  [Before the                                                               
committee was CSHB 252(STA).]                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
1:48:58 PM                                                                                                                    
REPRESENTATIVE GABRIELLA  LEDOUX, sponsor  of HB  252, introduced                                                               
the Richard Foster, Stanley M.  Robbins and Alex Cesar Donor Act,                                                               
an act  requiring paid leave  from employment for organ  and bone                                                               
marrow  donation. She  said the  bill would  only apply  to state                                                               
workers and would  require the employer to provide  not less than                                                               
40 or more  than 80 hours of leave. According  to the Life Alaska                                                               
Donor  Services,  approximately  160   patients  in  Alaska  were                                                               
waiting  for   kidney  transplants,   but  fewer  than   20  were                                                               
transplant recipients each year. Fewer  than 100 people in Alaska                                                               
were awaiting bone marrow transplants.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
She stated that  about 30 states now have laws  similar to HB 252                                                               
and  23 of  those apply  only  to state  employees. Congress  was                                                               
considering a  bill that would  make living organ or  bone marrow                                                               
donation  part of  the Family  Medical  Leave Act,  but the  bill                                                               
before the committee would not apply to the general workforce.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
1:50:37 PM                                                                                                                    
SONYA  HYMER,  Staff  to Representative  LeDoux,  explained  that                                                               
Richard Foster is  a Representative from Nome who  is waiting for                                                               
a  kidney   transplant.  Stanley  M.  Robins   is  Representative                                                               
Cissna's  late husband  and was  staff to  Senator Gruenberg  for                                                               
many years, and Alex Tasar is  the little boy who received a bone                                                               
marrow donation  last year from  a man  in New Mexico.  This bill                                                               
would  allow a  donor to  take paid  leave from  work to  undergo                                                               
testing and surgery.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
1:52:26 PM                                                                                                                    
Section 2 and 3 are conforming amendments.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Section 4 is substantive. It  allows State of Alaska employees to                                                               
take  not   less  than  40  or   more  than  80  hours   of  paid                                                               
administrative leave  for screening, testing and  surgery related                                                               
to organ donation.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:53:34 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR COWDERY joined the meeting via teleconference.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR THOMAS  noted that the  sponsor statement  had statistics                                                               
for  the number  of kidney  transplants  done in  the state  each                                                               
year, but  not for  bone marrow transplants.  He wondered  if Ms.                                                               
Hymer could give him a ballpark figure                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MS. HYMER  said that  approximately five  people per  year donate                                                               
bone  marrow but  she did  not know  whether the  procedures were                                                               
done in Alaska.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR THOMAS asked why the  bill was not broadened to encourage                                                               
other employers  to allow their employees  to participate without                                                               
loss of income.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  LEDOUX  answered that  she  felt  the bill  would                                                               
stand a  better chance  of passing  if it  were limited  to state                                                               
employees                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
1:56:10 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR THOMAS  said the concern  is probably rightly  placed. He                                                               
felt  however,  that  the  matter should  be  addressed  in  some                                                               
fashion  so it  would not  be so  great a  financial and  medical                                                               
burden to potential donors.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:58:23 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  DAVIS  said  there  were   two  people  online  to  answer                                                               
questions.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR THOMAS  said he  would like  to get  statistics regarding                                                               
bone marrow transplants but they  could email that information to                                                               
him.                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
1:58:57 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  COWDERY  asked  whether  any other  states  have  passed                                                               
similar legislation.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE LEDOUX said  30 other states have  laws similar to                                                               
this, of which 23 apply only to state employees.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
1:59:33 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR ELTON said he was  disappointed that the bill was limited                                                               
to  state employees,  but  he moved  that HB  252  be moved  from                                                               
committee  with individual  recommendations  and attached  fiscal                                                               
note(s).  There  being no  objection,  CSHB  252(STA) moved  from                                                               
committee.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
           ^ALASKA BRAIN INJURY NETWORK PRESENTATION                                                                        
                                                                                                                              
2:00:21 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR DAVIS announced the committee  would hear a presentation on                                                               
traumatic brain injury.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
2:00:41 PM                                                                                                                    
JILL  HODGES, Executive  Director,  Alaska  Brain Injury  Network                                                               
(ABIN),  responding  to  a question  Senator  Cowdery  had  asked                                                               
earlier,  explained  that March  was  chosen  for Alaska's  brain                                                               
injury  awareness month  because it  is consistent  with what  is                                                               
taking place  nationally. She  said that ABIN  takes part  in the                                                               
Mental Health  Trust Authority  "You Know  Me" campaign  in March                                                               
and  do  awareness outreach  to  outlying  communities in  April.                                                               
Also,  the military  planned public  forums between  February and                                                               
May  and  asked  that  the  March forum  in  Anchorage  focus  on                                                               
traumatic brain injury.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
2:02:04 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  HODGES   introduced  Captain  Barker  from   Elmendorf  AFB,                                                               
Stephanie Tanner, the wife of  a soldier who suffered a traumatic                                                               
brain   injury    in   2004,   and   Dr.    Russell   Cherry,   a                                                               
neuropsychologist   at   Providence   Hospital  who   has   broad                                                               
experience working with traumatic brain injury.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
2:03:46 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  HODGES said  that TBI-specific  programming  is standard  in                                                               
many  other states.  The coordination  of funding  programs, case                                                               
management, providers who develop  TBI infrastructure, and "step-                                                               
down" programs  is very  important to  ensure that  people access                                                               
the  programs needed  for  the  best outcome  in  each case.  She                                                               
applauded the  military for  recognizing the  problem of  TBI and                                                               
developing  the funding  and programs  needed to  treat returning                                                               
soldiers.  She  said that  the  role  of  each individual  is  to                                                               
understand what  TBI really  is and  how to  respond to  it. Most                                                               
people don't  think of it until  it strikes their family,  but it                                                               
is  very common  in  Alaska  and 20  percent  of the  individuals                                                               
affected don't make it.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
2:07:26 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  ELTON asked  whether TBI  is  always due  to a  physical                                                               
event.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
MS. HODGES  referred the  question to Dr.  Cherry, but  said that                                                               
there are acquired  and traumatic brain injuries.  In Alaska, the                                                               
definition of a  traumatic brain injury is "a blow  to the head,"                                                               
but that falls under acquired  brain injuries, so traumatic brain                                                               
injuries are a type of acquired brain injury.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:08:39 PM                                                                                                                    
CAPTAIN  RICHARD  BARKER,  Clinical Psychologist,  Elmendorf  Air                                                               
Force Base,  delivered a PowerPoint presentation  focusing on the                                                               
military aspect of TBI.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Slide:  Showed  different  types  of  IED  [Improvised  Explosive                                                               
Device].  The first  was a  stationary  IED that  is very  target                                                               
specific. The second was a vehicle  born IED, which usually has a                                                               
larger explosive charge and impacts a greater number of people.                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
Slide:  Captain Barker  said that  mild Post-Concussive  Syndrome                                                               
(PCS) has  become the signature injury  of the war and  implies a                                                               
milder  form  of  brain  injury.   People  afflicted  with  Post-                                                               
Concussive  Syndrome   are  treated  here  and   usually  respond                                                               
favorably in 3  to 12 months, but some  have lifelong difficulty.                                                               
Captain Barker stressed that Alaska  does not have the capability                                                               
to deal with moderate to severe head injuries.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Slide: Defense and Veterans' Brain  Injury Center (DVBIC) defines                                                               
TBI  as "...an  injury to  the brain  resulting from  a blast,  a                                                               
fall, direct  impact or motor  vehicle accident, which  causes an                                                               
alteration  in mental  status  resulting in  a  plethora of  both                                                               
physical and cognitive  problems." He said they  are finding that                                                               
combat injuries  have more serious  implications than  the sports                                                               
injuries they had been using as models for treatment.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Slide: Factoids on combat MTBI [Mild Traumatic Brain Injury]                                                                    
MTBI from a blast causes the  brain to be badly jarred, which can                                                               
stretch, cut or twist axons.                                                                                                    
  ° Approximately 1.4 million TBIs occur in the US every year.                                                                  
   ° Twenty-two percent of OIF [Operation Iraqi Freedom]                                                                        
     veterans reported MTBI-inducing events.                                                                                    
   ° Seven percent of those reported continuation of MTBI                                                                       
     symptoms.                                                                                                                  
   ° A study of about 7500 cases performed at a major theater                                                                   
     hospital, showed that 23 percent were positive for TBI,                                                                    
     while 75 percent complained of symptoms.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
Captain Barker explained that the  military attempts to catch TBI                                                               
using a  Post Deployment Health  Assessment (PDHA)  when soldiers                                                               
return  home,  but  they  are  working on  ways  to  identify  it                                                               
earlier.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:14:07 PM                                                                                                                    
Neuro-imaging studies are  frequently negative, causing providers                                                               
to rule  out TBI  prematurely. Those  with ruptured  eardrums are                                                               
three times more likely to suffer TBI.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
2:14:57 PM                                                                                                                    
Slide: The  Department of  Defense (DOD) is  starting to  use the                                                               
Automated Neuropsychological  Assessment Metric  (ANAM). It  is a                                                               
brief  cognitive  screening  performed  prior  to  deployment  to                                                               
provide  a  baseline for  comparison  with  tests performed  when                                                               
members return home.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:15:48 PM                                                                                                                    
Slide: Among  50 participants  at a  DVBIC facility  study, there                                                               
were  a lot  of comorbid  issues involved,  which made  diagnosis                                                               
difficult.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Slide: Captain Barker listed the three key elements to recovery.                                                                
Education  and Reassurance:  It is  important to  educate service                                                               
members, providers  and the  community before  deployment, during                                                               
treatment and as victims recover.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
2:17:09 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR DYSON  said he  represents Eagle  River and  Elmendorf as                                                               
part  of his  legislative district  and offered  to assist  their                                                               
efforts in  every way he  can. He also said  he would be  glad to                                                               
hear about any  increase in or improvement  to existing community                                                               
services that they might need.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
CAPTAIN BARKER  said that Dr.  Cherry would be  speaking directly                                                               
to that as a provider in the community.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DYSON  said he  would leave Captain  Barker his  card and                                                               
thanked him and those he represents for what they are doing.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
2:18:51 PM                                                                                                                    
CAPTAIN  BARKER continued  his ,  pointing  out that  reassurance                                                               
must go along with education.  Reassuring the active duty members                                                               
and their families that they will  get better has a very positive                                                               
impact on recovery.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
Barriers to recovery are:                                                                                                       
   ° 60 days post-injury with ongoing high-stress duty                                                                          
   ° Repeated injury                                                                                                            
   ° Comorbid conditions such as PTSD, major depression, pain                                                                   
     disorders, substance abuse                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
2:20:23 PM                                                                                                                    
Treatment Issues: TBI versus PTSD                                                                                               
There is a lot  of overlap between TBI and PTSD.  The best way to                                                               
differentiate is  that the symptoms that  occur immediately after                                                               
the  event  are  usually  TBI  related.  PTSD  usually  does  not                                                               
manifest  until  some time  later,  often  after the  member  has                                                               
slowed down and is in a safer environment.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
2:21:08 PM                                                                                                                    
CAPTAIN BARKER said that in June  or July of last year they began                                                               
to educate providers  and the community on TBI  related issues in                                                               
preparation for  the army soldiers  who would soon  be returning.                                                               
They  joined forces  with the  Army  and Air  Force to  set up  a                                                               
clinic for  the mild  to moderate TBI  problems they  expected to                                                               
see   and   pulled   in   about   50   additional   neurologists,                                                               
neuropsychologists,  mental   health,  occupational   and  speech                                                               
therapy  professionals to  assist in  this short-term  fix. Since                                                               
                         thth                                                                                                   
the soldiers from the 425   returned on about the 25  of January,                                                               
they have seen 100 patients  through the neurologic clinic alone,                                                               
and expect  to see many more  when the "honeymoon phase"  is over                                                               
and members  are trying to  reintegrate into  their relationships                                                               
and civilian  jobs. They  are still trying  to establish  a long-                                                               
term, self-sustaining MTBI clinic.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
2:23:57 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  ELTON said  he assumed  that  the diagnosis  of TBI  was                                                               
based  on symptoms  rather than  on physical  testing such  as an                                                               
MRI.                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
CAPTAIN  BARKER said  they are  working toward  a "whole  person"                                                               
concept,  trying  to get  the  entire  history of  each  person's                                                               
possible exposure  to TBI-inducing  accidents as well  as looking                                                               
into PTSD issues.  That means a lot of  interviewing and multiple                                                               
types of  testing in  order to  make as  accurate a  diagnosis as                                                               
possible.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR ELTON postulated that if  a person diagnosed with TBI did                                                               
not improve over time, the diagnosis could evolve into PTSD.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CAPTAIN BARKER replied  that it isn't that black  and white; both                                                               
problems can exist at the same  time. There was a study published                                                               
in the  New England Journal  of Medicine  that said mild  TBI has                                                               
significant  impact  on  physical, functional  and  psychological                                                               
problems; but  when you  take into  account depression  and PTSD,                                                               
those factors dissipate.  There is a lot of  co-morbidity, so one                                                               
can't say with  conviction that because the  symptoms continue it                                                               
is something other than TBI.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
2:26:56 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  THOMAS   asked  if  any  regular   tests  are  routinely                                                               
administered after service overseas.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
CAPTAIN  BARKER  said there  are  no  standardized tests  that  a                                                               
person has to  take. When an individual is exposed  to a blast in                                                               
the field,  they try  to administer  what is  called the  MACE, a                                                               
five  minute evaluation  of impulsivity,  judgment and  cognitive                                                               
processes.  The  PDHA  is administered  after  returning  to  the                                                               
United  States,   but  that  is   very  subjective  and   can  be                                                               
manipulated. A  reassessment is  performed 90  to 100  days after                                                               
the PDHA to see if anything has come up since initial testing.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  THOMAS asked  if the  two tests  are standard  operating                                                               
procedure.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
CAPTAIN BARKER answered that the PDHA is, but the MACE is not.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  THOMAS asked  if Captain  Barker knows  of any  reason a                                                               
person  might not  mention  symptoms, whether  it  might have  an                                                               
affect on employment.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
CAPTAIN BARKER  said that is  a myth, but  would not say  that it                                                               
had no  basis in  fact. There  is also  a stigma  associated with                                                               
admitting weakness.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
2:30:04 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  THOMAS  opined  that,  because  of  that  potential  the                                                               
standard  paperwork should  be more  specific and  call for  some                                                               
follow-up.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
2:30:25 PM                                                                                                                    
STEPHANIE  TANNER, Wife  of Sergeant  Scott Tanner,  OIF Veteran,                                                               
gave  a personal  perspective of  TBI. She  said her  husband was                                                               
exposed to over  30 IED explosions in Iraq. During  the past year                                                               
and a half his mental  capacity has declined rapidly. They sought                                                               
medical help  and he  was diagnosed  with TBI  in 2007.  The case                                                               
manager assigned to  him by the military is  stretched very thin,                                                               
but  she   feels  it  would   be  extremely  difficult,   if  not                                                               
impossible, for them  to function without him through  all of his                                                               
appointments,  therapy and  medications. She  stressed that  case                                                               
management is seriously needed for TBI patients.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
2:32:45 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR ELTON asked if Ms. Tanner receives any services.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MRS.  TANNER said  that services  are  made available  to her  by                                                               
military,  but so  much  of her  day is  spent  dealing with  her                                                               
husband's treatment that she has  not been able to take advantage                                                               
of them.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  THOMAS asked  Ms. Tanner  if her  husband was  diagnosed                                                               
with TBI before or after returning from overseas.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
MRS. TANNER  replied that  his Iraq deployment  was from  2004 to                                                               
2005 and  at that time  the military did  not recognize TBI  as a                                                               
widespread problem;  so he lived  with it for  a year and  a half                                                               
before anyone recognized it, which  has hindered his progress. It                                                               
has  been  shown  that  progress  is  severely  impacted  if  TBI                                                               
patients don't get help and management within the first year.                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
2:34:16 PM                                                                                                                    
DR.  RUSSELL S.  CHERRY, Neuropsychologist,  Providence Hospital,                                                               
said  he   would  reiterate  some   stories  to   illustrate  the                                                               
importance  of TBI  awareness. TBI  is the  most common  cause of                                                               
injury  for  individuals aged  15  to  40. This  is  particularly                                                               
relevant in  Alaska, because  our rate  statewide is  seven times                                                               
the  national  average.   In  the  bush,  the  rate   of  TBI  is                                                               
approximately 14 times the national average.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
He said  that during the three  years he worked at  Alaska Native                                                               
Medical Center,  he saw four to  five patients per week  who were                                                               
injured while  driving ATVs and  snow machines without  a helmet.                                                               
He noted  that alcohol  is a  factor in about  half of  all brain                                                               
injuries.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
At Providence Hospital  he sees about two mild cases  of TBI each                                                               
day  in which  the patients'  physical injuries  are treated  and                                                               
they  are discharged  to the  street with  no further  follow-up.                                                               
Those people  are often referred  to his private practice  six to                                                               
nine  months  later, when  they've  begun  suffering problems  in                                                               
their work  or home life and  TBI is identified. If  there were a                                                               
better system of identification, many  of those problems could be                                                               
prevented.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
DR.  CHERRY  said  he  had  seen 10  of  the  approximately  4000                                                               
veterans who returned from Iraq  two weeks prior, and expected to                                                               
see  much higher  numbers as  problems  surfaced at  home and  at                                                               
work. He likened it to a  tsunami approaching. This is not just a                                                               
cognitive  injury;  there  are often  psychiatric  problems  that                                                               
accompany it.  Approximately 70 percent  of those  suffering from                                                               
TBI also suffer from clinical depression.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
2:37:27 PM                                                                                                                    
DR.  CHERRY  said that  as  a  rule, he  also  sees  PTSD in  the                                                               
military  populations. He  voiced frustration  that, even  though                                                               
Alaska leads the  nation in incidents of TBI, there  is no system                                                               
in place to deal with the problem.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
2:38:54 PM                                                                                                                    
He  found it  curious that  a number  of medical  issues such  as                                                               
Alzheimer's, get  much more attention  and services than  the one                                                               
that  occurs most  frequently  in  the population.    One of  the                                                               
effects  of  our  lack  of  infrastructure  is  poor  information                                                               
sharing  between providers,  which makes  his job  more difficult                                                               
because  he  has  less  access   to  supporting  information.  At                                                               
present, the onus  of responsibility is on the  injured person or                                                               
the care  giver to manage  the medical system. By  definition TBI                                                               
patients have  problems with attention, memory  and multiple step                                                               
tasks,  and typically  can't follow  through. A  case manager  or                                                               
coordinator  could fill  the gaps  between  providers, make  sure                                                               
people  get to  appointments,  help them  complete the  requisite                                                               
paperwork, and even present to the appointment with the patient.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
2:41:17 PM                                                                                                                    
He said he  often sees a brain injured person  in his office with                                                               
no  care-giver,  no  spouse  and no  other  information.  He  has                                                               
nothing to go  on but an interview with the  patient, who may not                                                               
be  able to  relate the  pertinent  issues due  to attention  and                                                               
memory problems. Children  in Alaska with moderate  to severe TBI                                                               
are  generally  sent   out  of  state,  typically   to  Texas  or                                                               
Wisconsin. They  have to deal  not only with recovery  from brain                                                               
injury,  but with  loss  of their  support  systems, which  makes                                                               
recovery more difficult. In general,  TBI creates a ripple affect                                                               
widening  out from  the victim,  to the  spouse, their  children,                                                               
their workplaces and more.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
Substance abuse is  common because of depression,  and people are                                                               
prone to  additional injuries because of  impaired judgment. They                                                               
may also be  preyed upon financially by others. The  cure is some                                                               
kind  of case  management,  perhaps  bachelor-level graduates  to                                                               
make sure  patients don't fall  through the cracks, to  help with                                                               
paperwork  and  make sure  they  get  to appointments.  It  would                                                               
simplify things  greatly if a standard  packet providing step-by-                                                               
step information on what to do next  were passed out at the ER or                                                               
other locations.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
2:44:55 PM                                                                                                                    
DR.  CHERRY also  suggested that  a network  of providers  with a                                                               
common release would  make it easier to share  information to the                                                               
advantage of the  patient. He felt that we should  to do a better                                                               
job of screening  for brain injury in certain  locations like the                                                               
ER,  physical  therapy  or rehabilitation  clinics.  In  the  ER,                                                               
people are often treated for  broken limbs and lacerations to the                                                               
head but no  one looks at what happened to  the brain. Vocational                                                               
rehabilitation specialists  trained specifically in  brain injury                                                               
would also  be helpful, because  victims of TBI have  a different                                                               
set of  circumstances than other  populations, which  may include                                                               
cognitive  problems  and  emotional  or  impulse-control  issues.                                                               
Because  of their  unique  needs,  they do  best  working with  a                                                               
rehabilitation specialist who has been trained in TBI.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
2:46:23 PM                                                                                                                    
Staff  at  assisted  living  facilities   should  be  trained  to                                                               
understand and  manage TBI. Too  often when patients are  sent to                                                               
an assisted living  facility, they come into  conflict with staff                                                               
who  responds  inappropriately  to their  behavior  because  they                                                               
don't realize the  person has a brain injury. The  military has a                                                               
multidisciplinary  clinic to  help address  the soldiers'  needs,                                                               
but when their neuropsychologists and  some other personnel leave                                                               
in a  few months, they will  be left without the  ability to deal                                                               
with  the problems  that surface  after they  are gone.  He would                                                               
like to see a partnership  between the military and Providence or                                                               
other major  local hospitals in  the community, making  sure that                                                               
everyone is "on the same page."                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
He suggested  looking at  telemedicine in  the bush,  to overcome                                                               
some  of the  transportation issues,  and creating  liaisons with                                                               
the Anchorage school district and  the mental health and wellness                                                               
courts so  victims could be  identified to the  systems, allowing                                                               
them to better cope with the issues.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
2:49:18 PM                                                                                                                    
DR. CHERRY felt that with  a few relatively simple interventions,                                                               
we could  make a huge  difference in the  quality of life  of the                                                               
patients, their family members, and the community at large.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
2:49:31 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR DAVIS asked if there were any support groups for TBI.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
2:49:56 PM                                                                                                                    
MS.  HODGES said  Access Alaska  has head  injury support  groups                                                               
around the state and has opened  up their groups to the military.                                                               
Margie  Thompson with  the Department  of Labor  (DOL), and  Jeff                                                               
Irwin with Southeast Alaska  Independent Living (SAIL) facilitate                                                               
the head  injury support  group in  Juneau, which  is one  of the                                                               
most active support groups in the state.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR DAVIS  asked if  Ms. Thompson  is a volunteer  or if  it is                                                               
part of her job.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MS. HODGES  answered that  she thinks  it is  a component  of her                                                               
job.                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR DAVIS said  it would be good for Ms.  Hodges to provide the                                                               
committee  with  a   list  of  what  help  she   would  like  the                                                               
legislature to provide so they can be working on it.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MS. HODGES  said Virginia  has done a  phenomenal job  of funding                                                               
through the  General Fund and  through Medicaid with  a Traumatic                                                               
Brain Injury Waiver. Their reports  show that case management and                                                               
clubhouse programs  offer the  most bang for  the buck.  She said                                                               
that  they do  have some  budget  and program  requests that  she                                                               
would like to see in  this year's budget. Governor Palin's budget                                                               
contains a small line-item of  $100,000 for brain injury training                                                               
for providers.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
She explained  that BIN advocates  to the four  statutory boards:                                                               
the Commission on  Aging, the Advisory Board on  Alcohol and Drug                                                               
Abuse, the  Governor's Council and  the Mental Health  Board, and                                                               
asks these  boards to make  recommendations to the  Mental Health                                                               
Trust Authority  on behalf  of brain  injury. The  Trust approved                                                               
four  requests for  the current  year.  In the  Trust budget  are                                                               
$25,000  to enhance  information  and referral  and $175,000  for                                                               
training, which was reduced in  the governor's budget. Within the                                                               
Housing  Focus Area  they  had a  GFMH  budget recommendation  of                                                               
$200,000  for  brain injury  services  development  to start  the                                                               
momentum within the  department. That amount was  not included in                                                               
Governor Palin's budget.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
2:54:31 PM                                                                                                                    
She   would   like   to  see   those   Trust   Authority   budget                                                               
recommendations moved  into the legislative budget.  The $200,000                                                               
would go  toward the  case management  component for  the current                                                               
year.  She  referred  to  the   "Promising  Practices  for  State                                                               
Systems"  document,  pointing to  continuum  of  care models  for                                                               
brain injury, information  on where the funding  should come from                                                               
and on  how they work  throughout the  lifetime of a  person with                                                               
brain injury.  The rehabilitation component  is a maximum  of two                                                               
years, after which the person is  on his or her own. These people                                                               
need  places  to  go  where they  can  be  socially  appropriate,                                                               
productive, and develop confidence in themselves.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
2:55:58 PM                                                                                                                    
MS. HODGES  related the story  of a young  man they met  in Texas                                                               
last  November at  a  long-term home  for  people with  cognitive                                                               
disabilities. Corey  had an  ATV accident in  Kotzebue at  age 10                                                               
and was sent to  Texas because he had severe TBI.  He was 26 when                                                               
they met him  and was doing well in Texas;  but people like Corey                                                               
are able  to function at  a level  that is appropriate  only when                                                               
they  have  the  right  supports  and are  living  in  the  right                                                               
environment.  Without  those  supports,  people  like  Corey  are                                                               
unable  to  function  appropriately  in  society  and  may  cause                                                               
problems for themselves and society as well.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
2:57:43 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR DAVIS asked for a list  of the things Ms. Hodges would like                                                               
to see in the budget and things  that need to be discussed in the                                                               
community.  She mentioned  that  she was  recently  at a  meeting                                                               
about TBI  where they introduced the  idea of a "Club  House" and                                                               
was impressed  with the  concept. She felt  that, given  the high                                                               
rate of injury in Alaska, a lot of work has yet to be done.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
2:58:50 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR ELTON said if something  like this happened in his family                                                               
the first thing he would want  to know is whether their insurance                                                               
would cover  it, which leads  into a larger discussion  of mental                                                               
health parity. He  asked how the insurance industry  looks at it,                                                               
whether it is considered a mental health issue or a medical one.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
DR.  CHERRY  responded  that neuropsychological  evaluations  are                                                               
billed under  medical codes,  so mental health  parity is  not an                                                               
issue.  It  can   become  sticky  is  later   on,  if  clinically                                                               
significant  depression or  anxiety  comes into  play during  the                                                               
treatment  phase  Sometimes  the  insurance  company  can  create                                                               
problems with  that. He invited  the committee to  imagine trying                                                               
to navigate that insurance system with a brain injury.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
3:00:44 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR ELTON said it seems  that the insurance industry might be                                                               
reluctant  to pay  for case  management that  would, in  the end,                                                               
cost them money.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
DR. CHERRY explained  that, although it would cost  them money at                                                               
the onset,  according to statistical research,  a strong argument                                                               
could be made that if you  provide people with the right services                                                               
during  the acute  phases of  recovery from  brain injury,  their                                                               
productivity  and ability  to  regain  function is  significantly                                                               
improved. It  is in  the first  two years  after the  injury that                                                               
things  are  reconnecting  and   intervention  has  its  greatest                                                               
effect.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
3:02:07 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  McGUIRE  highlighted  the  importance  of  that  in  her                                                               
family.  It  ultimately  saved the  insurance  company  money  to                                                               
provide her  brother with treatment  for two years. The  point at                                                               
which he was relearning to tie  his shoes and use the bathroom on                                                               
his own  is when  a regular insurance  policy would  have stopped                                                               
paying. The  cost to the system  of sending a young  man out into                                                               
the  world without  even  the  most basic  life  skills would  be                                                               
tremendous. She  said she looks  forward to working  with Senator                                                               
Davis and  the committee  to see  what they  can build.  It would                                                               
benefit not only the families  and survivors of brain injury, but                                                               
save the state money as well.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
3:04:21 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  THOMAS  said   this  doesn't  seem  to   be  an  unusual                                                               
situation, that  they too  often deal  with problems  rather than                                                               
solutions  in this  committee. He  encouraged Dr.  Cherry to  put                                                               
together  a list  of concepts  he thinks  should be  incorporated                                                               
into existing statute.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
There being  no further  business to  come before  the committee,                                                               
Chair Davis adjourned the meeting at 3:05:12 PM.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
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