Legislature(2025 - 2026)GRUENBERG 120

04/01/2025 01:00 PM House ENERGY


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01:04:40 PM Start
01:06:04 PM HB153
02:34:38 PM Adjourn
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
*+ HB 153 UTILITIES: RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARD TELECONFERENCED
Heard & Held
-- Testimony <Invitation Only> --
                    ALASKA STATE LEGISLATURE                                                                                  
               HOUSE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON ENERGY                                                                              
                         April 1, 2025                                                                                          
                           1:04 p.m.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
                             DRAFT                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Representative Ky Holland, Co-Chair                                                                                             
Representative Donna Mears, Co-Chair                                                                                            
Representative Bryce Edgmon                                                                                                     
Representative Cathy Tilton                                                                                                     
Representative George Rauscher                                                                                                  
Representative Mia Costello                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
Representative Chuck Kopp                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
OTHER MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Representative Zach Fields                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
HOUSE BILL NO. 153                                                                                                              
"An  Act relating  to generation  of  electricity from  renewable                                                               
energy  resources; relating  to a  renewable portfolio  standard;                                                               
relating  to  power  cost  equalization;  and  providing  for  an                                                               
effective date."                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     - HEARD & HELD                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
PREVIOUS COMMITTEE ACTION                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
BILL: HB 153                                                                                                                  
SHORT TITLE: UTILITIES: RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARD                                                                            
SPONSOR(s): REPRESENTATIVE(s) HOLLAND                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
03/24/25       (H)       READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRALS                                                                        
03/24/25       (H)       ENE, RES                                                                                               
03/26/25       (H)       FIN REFERRAL ADDED AFTER RES                                                                           
04/01/25       (H)       ENE AT 1:00 PM GRUENBERG 120                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
WITNESS REGISTER                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
SHAINA KILCOYNE, Staff                                                                                                          
Representative Ky Holland                                                                                                       
Alaska State Legislature                                                                                                        
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION  STATEMENT:   Presented HB  153 and  gave the  sectional                                                             
analysis on behalf of Representative Holland, prime sponsor.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
TOM ATKINSON, General Manager and CEO                                                                                           
Kotzebue Electric Association                                                                                                   
Kotzebue, Alaska                                                                                                                
POSITION STATEMENT:   Gave invited  testimony during  the hearing                                                             
on HB 153.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
ERIN MCKITTRICK, Independent Energy Analyst                                                                                     
Seldovia, Alaska                                                                                                                
POSITION STATEMENT:   Gave invited  testimony during  the hearing                                                             
on HB 153.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
ACTION NARRATIVE                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
1:04:40 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR  DONNA  MEARS  called the  House  Special  Committee  on                                                             
Energy meeting  to order at  1:04 p.m.   Representatives Holland,                                                               
Edgmon,  Tilton, Rauscher,  Costello, and  Mears were  present at                                                               
the call to order.  Also present was Representative Fields.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
         HB 153-UTILITIES: RENEWABLE PORTFOLIO STANDARD                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
1:06:04 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR MEARS  announced that the  only order of  business would                                                               
be  HOUSE  BILL  NO.  153,  "An Act  relating  to  generation  of                                                               
electricity  from  renewable  energy  resources;  relating  to  a                                                               
renewable   portfolio   standard;    relating   to   power   cost                                                               
equalization; and providing for an effective date."                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
1:06:26 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR HOLLAND,  as prime sponsor,  presented HB 153.   He said                                                               
the proposed legislation introduces  a renewable portfolio policy                                                               
standard designed to diversify the  state's "electricity mix" and                                                               
reduce long-term costs while creating  new opportunity.  It would                                                               
apply only  to the  Railbelt grid, which  he noted  [brings power                                                               
to]  over 75  percent  of Alaskans  while  providing benefits  to                                                               
rural  communities by  controlling  or  reducing future  Railbelt                                                               
energy  costs  and providing  a  revenue  stream for  power  cost                                                               
equalization (PCE)  utilities to sell credits  that he emphasized                                                               
would not  reduce PCE benefits.   Co-Chair Holland  outlined that                                                               
HB 153 would  not shut down natural gas,  eliminate power plants,                                                               
or  obstruct  a natural  gas  pipeline.    He said  the  proposed                                                               
legislation    would    "position    Alaska    for    investment,                                                               
modernization, and stability."                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR HOLLAND explained a reason  to support HB 153 is because                                                               
an  80 percent  reliance on  a single  fuel source  is risky  and                                                               
expensive.   The bill sets  modest targets for  renewable energy:                                                               
40 percent  by 2030 and  55 percent by  2035.  Further,  it would                                                               
create certainty  for investors and reduce  long-term fuel costs,                                                               
with a potential savings of $1.3  billion over the next 15 years.                                                               
He  stated  that  combined with  emerging  tidal  and  geothermal                                                               
projects, renewable sources of  energy ("renewables") "offer even                                                               
more potential  for powering  large-scale new  industries seeking                                                               
renewable  energy  to power  data  centers,  synthetic clean  jet                                                               
fuel,  and  hydrogen  fuel  exports."   He  shared  some  history                                                               
illustrating  Alaska's interest  in  renewables.   He noted  that                                                               
rural communities  have pioneered hybrid energy  grids; the state                                                               
leads  the  nation in  microgrid  deployment  and integration  of                                                               
renewables  with conventional  energy  generation.   He said  the                                                               
challenge  now is  "to bring  those innovations  to scale  on the                                                               
Railbelt."  He described  HB 153 as "a step forward  - not a leap                                                               
into  the unknown."   He  said rural  communities have  expressed                                                               
they  are desperate  to  "move off  of  diesel," businesses  seek                                                               
relief  from high  rates, and  residents have  asked for  stable,                                                               
affordable energy sources.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
1:12:07 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
SHAINA KILCOYNE,  Staff, Representative Ky Holland,  Alaska State                                                               
Legislature, on behalf of  Representative Holland, prime sponsor,                                                               
offered further introduction  to HB 153 via  a PowerPoint, titled                                                               
"HB 153 Renewable Portfolio Standard"  [included in the committee                                                               
file].   She  reiterated the  targets  of HB  153, as  previously                                                               
stated by  the bill sponsor.   She moved to  slide 3 where  a pie                                                               
chart  shows  15  percent  renewable  energy  in  2022,  and  she                                                               
indicated  that the  number was  about the  same currently.   The                                                               
chart  on  the right  shows  that  the  price  of gas  will  jump                                                               
significantly  in  the  next  few   years.    Imported  gas  cost                                                               
projections  range from  $12 to  $16 per  unit.   The aim  of the                                                               
proposed  legislation is  to promote  energy independence,  long-                                                               
term  cost reductions,  and development  of competitive  markets.                                                               
She highlighted the 76 percent  Railbelt scenario that would save                                                               
an  accumulative $1.3  billion over  the next  15 years,  and she                                                               
explained that [HB 153] "does not get us to that scenario."                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MS. KILCOYNE moved to slide 4,  a map of energy standards:  Green                                                               
reflects   states  and   territories  with   renewable  portfolio                                                               
standards; blue reflects states  and territories with a voluntary                                                               
renewable energy standard of target;  and gold reflects states or                                                               
territories with  expired energy standards.   Further information                                                               
on slide 4 read as follows [original punctuation provided]:                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     With   585  GW   of   capacity  additions,   renewables                                                                    
     accounted  for  over  90%   of  total  power  expansion                                                                    
     globally.  Renewables   account  for  93%   of  planned                                                                    
     capacity  growth  in  2025  in  the  U.S.-International                                                                    
     Renewable   Energy   Agency  and   Energy   Information                                                                    
     Administration                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
MS.  KILCOYNE shared  slide 5,  which read  as follows  [original                                                               
punctuation provided]:                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Why is an RPS necessary?                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     Attract  new  investment   and  create  competition  in                                                                    
     largescale  renewable  energy  to  reduce  reliance  on                                                                    
     imported gas and lower energy costs for all Alaskans.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     Foster  a  new  energy  economy   to  create  jobs  and                                                                    
     economic  opportunities  for  the  next  generation  of                                                                    
     Alaskans.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     Offer  incentives  to   maximize  economies  of  scale,                                                                    
     encourage  collaboration,  and   leverage  federal  tax                                                                    
     credits.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MS.  KILCOYNE  moved  to  slide  6,  which  lists  the  following                                                               
renewable energy  sources:  water,  geothermal, wind,  solar, and                                                               
waste to  energy.  She  brought attention to slide  7, "Carrots,"                                                               
which read as follows [original punctuation provided]:                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     •  Allows   utilities  to   meet  the   target  through                                                                    
     Renewable   Energy  Credits   (RECs),   which  can   be                                                                    
     purchased  from Railbelt  utilities or  PCE communities                                                                    
     without negative impact to PCE calculation.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     • 1.25x multiplier for wind  projects >100 MW installed                                                                    
     before  2033  when  energy   is  purchase  by  multiple                                                                    
     utilities:   Acknowledges   projects  in   the   queue,                                                                    
     leverages  federal   energy  tax   incentives,  fosters                                                                    
     utility collaboration.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     • 2x  multiplier for distributed energy  systems , from                                                                    
     small-scale sources  like solar panels,  wind turbines,                                                                    
     and batteries to encourage consumer investment.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     •   Allows  for   energy  efficiency   investments  and                                                                    
     distributed   renewable   energy  systems   to   reduce                                                                    
     transmission impacts.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
MS. KILCOYNE brought attention to the first part of slide 8,                                                                    
"Sticks," which read as follows [original punctuation provided]:                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Noncompliance Penalties & Waivers                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Noncompliance fines of  $45 / MWh may be  waived by the                                                                    
     RCA:                                                                                                                       
        If the  utility has  entered into  a power  purchase                                                                    
     agreement  (PPA)  before  the next  compliance  period,                                                                    
     begins  receiving  renewable   electricity  within  two                                                                    
     years  of the  prior  compliance period,  and files  an                                                                    
     estimate  of purchased  energy from  said PPA  with the                                                                    
     RCA.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
1:19:23 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS.   KILCOYNE  responded   to   questions  from   Representative                                                               
Rauscher.   She confirmed that  non-compliance fines are  paid by                                                               
the  utilities.    She  talked  about  flexibility  and  economic                                                               
incentive to meet standards.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
1:21:10 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. KILCOYNE returned to the remaining portion of slide 8, which                                                                
lists the remaining reasons for a waiver related to                                                                             
noncompliance as follows [original punctuation provided]:                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     •  For reasons  outside the  reasonable control  of the                                                                    
     utility including  weather-related or  natural disaster                                                                    
     damage, lower  than expected energy  generation, global                                                                    
     pandemics, acts of war                                                                                                     
     •   Due  to   transmission  constraints   that  prevent                                                                    
     delivery of  renewable electricity  from a  third party                                                                    
     agreement.                                                                                                                 
     •  The utility  otherwise  establishes  good cause  for                                                                    
     noncompliance.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
MS.  KILCOYNCE acknowledged  that there  are legitimate  concerns                                                               
regarding cooperatives ("co-ops")  being fined for noncompliance.                                                               
To that,  she stated,  "This policy is  intended to  help improve                                                               
the  environment and  condition for  projects that  the utilities                                                               
are already working to implement, not to fine utilities."                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MS. KILCOYNE  moved on to  slide 9, "Flexibility," which  read as                                                               
follows [original punctuation provided]:                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     Compliance Alternatives                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     • Utilities  may satisfy  a fine  by paying  a customer                                                                    
     all or a portion of  the customer's costs of installing                                                                    
     a  distributed  energy   system  or  energy  efficiency                                                                    
     technology.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     • Utilities  may avoid fines  if they have met  the 40%                                                                    
     target by  using the fine  amount for  future renewable                                                                    
     projects.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     •  Allows exemptions  if aggregate  grid-wide renewable                                                                    
     generation meets the overall standard.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MS.  KILCOYNE  explained  that slide  10  shows  the  differences                                                               
between HB 153 and a  previous renewable power source (RPS) bill,                                                               
House Bill  121 from the  Thirty-Third Alaska  State Legislature.                                                               
The previous bill  had targets of 25 percent by  2027, 55 percent                                                               
by  2035, and  80  percent  by 2040;  fines  of  $20/MWh; and  an                                                               
exemption  for a  utility's first  noncompliance, not  applicable                                                               
after  2040.   The proposed  HB 153  includes the  aforementioned                                                               
targets of  40 percent by  2030 and 55  percent by 2035;  a 1.25x                                                               
multiplier for wind projects >100  MW installed before 2033; a 2x                                                               
multiplier for distributed  energy systems, reducing transmission                                                               
needs; fines  of $45/MWh; and  utilities may avoid fines  if they                                                               
have  met the  40 percent  target by  using the  fine amount  for                                                               
future  renewable  projects.     Shared  provisions  include  the                                                               
following  compliance  mechanisms  and incentives,  as  shown  on                                                               
slide 10 [original punctuation provided]:                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     •  Both bills  allow  compliance  via renewable  energy                                                                    
     credits  (RECs),  energy  efficiency  investments,  and                                                                    
     distributed renewable  energy systems  from small-scale                                                                    
     sources   like  solar   panels,   wind  turbines,   and                                                                    
     batteries located close to where the power is used.                                                                        
     • Both bills allow  Railbelt utilities to purchase RECs                                                                    
     from PCE  communities without negative impact  to their                                                                    
     PCE calculation.                                                                                                           
     •  Both  bills allow  the  RCA  to waive  noncompliance                                                                    
     fines  for reasons  outside the  reasonable control  of                                                                    
     the utility  or if  the utility establishes  good cause                                                                    
     for noncompliance.                                                                                                         
     • Both  bills allow  exemptions if  aggregate grid-wide                                                                    
     renewable generation meets the overall standard.                                                                           
     •  Both bills  allow  utilities to  satisfy  a fine  by                                                                    
     paying a  customer all or  a portion of  the customer's                                                                    
     costs  of installing  a  distributed  energy system  or                                                                    
     energy efficiency technologies.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MS. KILCOYNE  next addressed renewable energy  credits (RECs), as                                                               
shown on  slide 11, which  read as follows  [original punctuation                                                               
provided]:                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     A market-based instrument  that represents the property                                                                    
     rights  to the  environmental, social,  and other  non-                                                                    
     power attributes  of renewable  electricity generation.                                                                    
     RECs  are  issued  when   one  megawatt-hour  (MWh)  of                                                                    
     electricity   is  generated   and   delivered  to   the                                                                    
     electricity grid from a renewable energy resource.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
1:24:42 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. KILCOYNE,  in response to Representative  Rauscher, confirmed                                                               
that rooftop  solar energy  is a  renewable energy  resource that                                                               
would  qualify and  "would be  eligible under  distributed energy                                                               
for a multiplier of two."   She then highlighted the remainder of                                                               
slide 11, which read as follows [original punctuation provided]:                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Utilities may purchase RECs to  help meet targets from:                                                                    
     • Renewable energy from another Railbelt utility                                                                           
     •  Renewable energy  generated in  a  system serving  a                                                                    
     community  receiving  Power   Cost  Equalization  (PCE)                                                                    
     credits. This is meant to  encourage the development of                                                                    
     renewable  power outside  the Railbelt  and help  lower                                                                    
     the cost of energy in PCE communities.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MS.  KILCOYNE brought  attention to  slide 12,  "PCE Components,"                                                               
which read as follows [original punctuation provided]:                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Sec.   42.05.910  Allows   PCE  communities   to  build                                                                    
     renewable  energy   projects  and  sell  RECs   to  the                                                                    
     Railbelt communities for an added revenue stream.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Sec.  42.45.110(a) Excludes  revenue from  the sale  of                                                                    
     recovered  heat  and   renewable  energy  credits  when                                                                    
     calculating PCE so as not to negatively impact PCE.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
1:26:59 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. KILCOYNE next covered the sectional analysis, found on                                                                      
slides 13-23 of the PowerPoint, which read as follows:                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Sectional Analysis                                                                                                         
     Modifications  to  AS   42.05.780     42.45.110  Public                                                                    
     Utilities & Energy Programs                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     • Sec.  1 (42.05.780(a))   An  Integrated Resource Plan                                                                    
     shall include RPS options                                                                                                  
     •  Sec.   2  (42.05.785(a))    New  projects   must  be                                                                    
     compatible with RPS targets                                                                                                
     •  Sec.  3  (42.05.785(c))Removes   renewable  electric                                                                    
     projects from pre-approval                                                                                                 
     •  Sec.  4  (42.05.785(e))  Defines  "renewable  energy                                                                    
     resource"                                                                                                                  
     • Sec. 5 (42.05.900    42.05.925)   Outlines RPS goals:                                                                    
     40% by 2030, 55% by 2035                                                                                                   
     •  Compliance  Incentives,  Renewable  Energy  Credits,                                                                    
     Noncompliance    fines    and   waivers,    Exemptions,                                                                    
     Definitions                                                                                                                
     • Sec.  6 (42.45.110(a))  - Excludes revenue  from RECs                                                                    
     or the sale of recovered heat from the PCE calculation                                                                     
     • Sec.  7 (42.05.785(c)(3)    Repeals  pre-approval for                                                                    
     renewable projects in 2030 14                                                                                              
     • Sec. 8 Establishes effectivity on July 1, 2025                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     Section  1 -  Integrated resources  plans must  include                                                                    
     options by which each Railbelt  utility may satisfy the                                                                    
     renewable portfolio standard.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     Section  2 -  A Railbelt  utility may  not construct  a                                                                    
     large energy facility  unless the Regulatory Commission                                                                    
     of  Alaska   determines  that   the  facility   is  not                                                                    
     detrimental to a load-serving  entity's ability to meet                                                                    
     the renewable portfolio standard.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Section  3   -  Establishes   an  exception   from  the                                                                    
     Regulatory Commission of  Alaska preapproval provisions                                                                    
     for renewable energy projects  that help a load-serving                                                                    
     entity meet  the renewable portfolio  standard. Section                                                                    
     7 repeals this exception on December 31, 2030.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     Section   4  -   Adjusts  the   numbering  of   section                                                                    
     42.05.785(e)  and adds  the  definition for  "renewable                                                                    
     energy  resource"  within  the pre-approval  for  large                                                                    
     energy facilities section.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     Section 5 - Adds new  article under Sec. 42.05 entitled                                                                    
     Article  11A. Renewable  Portfolio  Standard (RPS).  AS                                                                    
     42.05.900  requires  a   load-serving  entity  that  is                                                                    
     subject  to the  standards of  an electric  reliability                                                                    
     organization (commonly "Railbelt  utilities") to comply                                                                    
     with the  RPS and requires those  electric utilities to                                                                    
     diversify   their  current   generation  portfolio   by                                                                    
     increasing   the  proportion   of   MWh  of   renewable                                                                    
     electricity  generated,   or  deemed   generated,  that                                                                    
     results in no less than:                                                                                                   
     • 40  percent by the  end of 2030  • 55 percent  by the                                                                    
     end of 2035                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Sec.  42.05.905      Incentivizes  the  development  of                                                                    
     larger  grid-scale  wind   energy  projects  that  have                                                                    
     greater economies  of scale, take maximal  advantage of                                                                    
     existing  federal  tax  credits and  encourage  utility                                                                    
     partnerships.  Incentivizes   utilities  to  facilitate                                                                    
     investments  in  energy  efficiency  and  in  renewable                                                                    
     energy by their  end-use customers. Further facilitates                                                                    
     PCE communities to  install renewable energy generation                                                                    
     by allowing  those utilities  to sell  renewable energy                                                                    
     credits (RECs) to Railbelt utilities.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     Sec. 42.05.910  - Governs the  use of  renewable energy                                                                    
     credits (RECs).  To qualify as  part of  a load-serving                                                                    
     entity's  portfolio,  RECs   must  be  from  generation                                                                    
     connected   to   the   same   interconnected   electric                                                                    
     transmission network. Credits can  also qualify if they                                                                    
     are  purchased from  renewable  sources located  within                                                                    
     the  service area  of an  electric utility  that serves                                                                    
     customers who receive PCE.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     Sec. 42.05.915    Establishes a noncompliance  fine for                                                                    
     a Railbelt utility  that fails to meet the  RPS, set at                                                                    
     $45 for  every megawatt hour  (MWh) that the  entity is                                                                    
     below  the  standard.   The  Regulatory  Commission  of                                                                    
     Alaska (RCA) may waive fines if                                                                                            
     • A Railbelt utility has  entered into a power purchase                                                                    
     agreement before  the deadline  and expects  to receive                                                                    
     the  electricity  no  more than  two  years  after  the                                                                    
     deadline.                                                                                                                  
       It  determines that a  Railbelt utility is  unable to                                                                    
     meet  the  RPS  for   reasons  outside  the  reasonable                                                                    
     control of  the utility,  as set out  in (b),  (c), and                                                                    
     (e)   of  this   section,  or   the  entity   otherwise                                                                    
     establishes good cause for noncompliance  as set out in                                                                    
     (f) of this section.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     Sec. 42.05.915  cont    Within one  year after  the RCA                                                                    
     imposes a  noncompliance fine,  a Railbelt  utility may                                                                    
     satisfy  a  fine  by  paying  all or  a  portion  of  a                                                                    
     customer's  costs of  installing  a distributed  energy                                                                    
     system  or  an  energy   efficiency  technology.  If  a                                                                    
     Railbelt  utility has  met the  40%  threshold, then  a                                                                    
     fine that results from noncompliance  of the 55% target                                                                    
     may be avoided by instead  depositing $45 for every MWh                                                                    
     that the  is short in  an RCA-approved account  for use                                                                    
     by the utility  to defray the cost  of future renewable                                                                    
     electricity purchases or projects.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     Sec.   42.05.920  -   Establishes  an   exemption  from                                                                    
     compliance with  the RPS by  Railbelt utilities  if the                                                                    
     aggregate  generation of  renewable  electricity in  an                                                                    
     interconnected electric  transmission network  meets or                                                                    
     exceeds the  percentage required by the  standard. Sec.                                                                    
     42.05.925  -   Provides  for  definitions   used  under                                                                    
     Article 11A.                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     Section  6    Amends  Sec. AS  42.45.110(a) to  exclude                                                                    
     revenue  from the  sale of  recovered heat,  or revenue                                                                    
     from  the  sale  of   renewable  energy  credits,  when                                                                    
     calculating PCE.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     Section 7    Establishes a sunset by  repeal of section                                                                    
     42.05.785(c)(3), which  provides an exception  from the                                                                    
     provisions   of  pre-approval   for  renewable   energy                                                                    
     projects  that  help  a load-serving  entity  meet  the                                                                    
     renewable portfolio standard.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     Section 8    Establishes an  effective date of  July 1,                                                                    
     2025.                                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
1:30:51 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. KILCOYNE,  in response to Representative  Costello, confirmed                                                               
the feasibility of Section 5.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
1:34:06 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. KILCOYNE,  in response to Representative  Rauscher, noted the                                                               
rates  align  with  national  standards.    She  added  that  the                                                               
committee could make  adjustments.  She emphasized  that the goal                                                               
is to reduce long-term costs, not to fine consumers.                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
1:35:48 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR HOLLAND  added that  the intent is  that there  would be                                                               
enough savings  to cover a  shortfall; there could be  a penalty,                                                               
but the focus is on the aggregate benefit.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
1:37:42 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. KILCOYNE,  in response to Representative  Costello, indicated                                                               
there  would  be  no  administrative  burden  because  the  first                                                               
targeted  goal  is  not  until  2030.   She  speculated  that  if                                                               
utilities  had a  setback, it  would be  their responsibility  to                                                               
explain that to  the Regulatory Commission of Alaska  (RCA).  She                                                               
offered her  understanding that  the RCA  can address  any issues                                                               
within its existing capacity.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
1:39:55 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS.  KILCOYNE wrapped  up the  sectional analysis  [text provided                                                               
previously].                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
1:45:46 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
TOM  ATKINSON,   General  Manager  and  CEO,   Kotzebue  Electric                                                               
Association,   as   invited   testifier,   began   a   PowerPoint                                                               
presentation [included  in the committee file],  titled "Kotzebue                                                               
Electric Association; Leading  the Way in Renewable  Energy."  He                                                               
gave a  rundown of the  timing of  KEA's addition of  the various                                                               
renewable  energy  systems,  shown  on slide  3,  which  read  as                                                               
follows [original punctuation provided]:                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     Current Hybrid Power Plant                                                                                                 
     • Diesel Consumption: ~1.2 Million Gallons/year #2USLD                                                                     
     (with a 5+ month reserve) Electricity Cost:                                                                                
     • .44c/kWh for electricity, $4-5 million per year for                                                                      
     energy                                                                                                                     
     • Winter Load (2-3.5 MW) and Summer Load (1.5-2.5 MW)                                                                      
     • Automated  -12MW Diesel Plant:  3x3 MW and  3 smaller                                                                    
     units (1.4 MW, 1.1 MW & 725 kW)                                                                                            
     • Wind Turbines: 2x900 kW (EWT))                                                                                           
     • Solar PV Array: 1072 kW (AC)                                                                                             
     • Reactive Power: 1 MVAr ABB Statcom inverter                                                                              
     •  Battery  Storage:  950   kwh/1.225  MW  SAFT  Li-ion                                                                    
     Battery (BESS)                                                                                                             
       Electric Boiler:  450 kW (15 kW x 30  stages) for hot                                                                    
     water  and  heat at  local  hospital  from excess  wind                                                                    
     energy                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     ~4.5  million  kWh  annual  wind/PV  production  20-25%                                                                    
     capacity factor                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINSON  stated that KEA's  goal is to displace  diesel with                                                               
renewable energy and  to be free of dependency  on outside energy                                                               
sources.    He  moved  on  to slide  4,  which  read  as  follows                                                               
[original punctuation provided]:                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Current 900 kW EWT Wind  Turbines   Installed 2012   12                                                                    
     million cost                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     • KEA  is working with  the Native Village  of Kotzebue                                                                    
     to install 2 more 1MW wind turbine                                                                                         
     •  The   cost  of   purchasing  2  wind   turbines  and                                                                    
     installing them is estimated to be $20 million                                                                             
     •  These  turbines  are  a newer  version  of  KEA's  2                                                                    
     existing EWT 900-54 turbines                                                                                               
     • The  1MW wind turbine  has a larger,  optimized rotor                                                                    
     to capture roughly 15% more energy annually                                                                                
     • KEA's  entire fleet  of 17  smaller, first-generation                                                                    
     turbines are decommissioned                                                                                                
     • 1 new EWT 1,000  is expected to produce approximately                                                                    
     2,500,000 kWh per year                                                                                                     
     • Installing wind turbines is  expensive because of the                                                                    
     special cranes  and equipment that  must be  shipped in                                                                    
     to lift and secure the turbines into place                                                                                 
     • It  is more economical  to install  multiple turbines                                                                    
     at one time, thus saving on installation costs                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINSON brought attention to slides 5 and 6, which read as                                                                 
follows [original punctuation provided]:                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     Phase I Solar                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     Phase I  of the  project began  operating in  July 2020                                                                    
     and integrated solar energy  into the Kotzebue Electric                                                                    
     Association (KEA) system                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     •  The project  replaced 532  kilowatts (kW)  of first-                                                                    
     generation  wind turbines  with  532 kW  of solar.  Co-                                                                    
     located at the KEA wind site                                                                                               
     • The cost of this project was $1.9 million                                                                                
     • U.S.  Department of Energy through  the NANA Regional                                                                    
     Corporation, Tribal  Energy Program,  provided $600,000                                                                    
     in funding                                                                                                                 
     •  The Northwest  Arctic Borough,  through the  Village                                                                    
     Initiative  Fund, provided  an  additional $600,000  in                                                                    
     funding                                                                                                                    
     •  KEA  provided  $700,000 of  capital  funds  for  the                                                                    
     project  532 kW  Project Completed  in July  2020 ($1.9                                                                    
     million project cost)                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     Phase II Solar                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     • KEA  is now collecting  solar energy and  learning to                                                                    
     maximize the solar resource                                                                                                
     • KEA  installed an additional  540 to 650 kW  of solar                                                                    
     power.  This  project was  completed  in  July of  2023                                                                    
     making KEA's  Solar Farm the second  largest solar farm                                                                    
     in Alaska.  (2 million project cost).                                                                                      
       Funding  for this project  came from Round 14  of the                                                                    
     Renewable Energy Fund.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINSON moved on to slide 7, which shows photos of a SAFT                                                                  
950kWh battery container in a substation and a new 4 MW battery                                                                 
and read as follows [original punctuation provided]:                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     •  KEA currently  has a  1-megawatt 950kwh  lithium ion                                                                    
     battery that was installed in  2015 that is nearing the                                                                    
     end of its useful life.                                                                                                    
     •   Kotzebue  Electric   Association   (KEA)  will   be                                                                    
     increasing energy  storage by purchasing  an additional                                                                    
     4-megawatt (MW)/8 - 12 (MWh) lithium-ion battery                                                                           
     •  This  additional  capacity will  allow  the  battery                                                                    
     system to  power all of Kotzebue  for approximately 120                                                                    
     minutes.                                                                                                                   
     • The "grid-forming" ability of  the battery will allow                                                                    
     KEA to  shut off the diesel  generators when sufficient                                                                    
     renewable power is available                                                                                               
     Project Cost: $15 million, awarded  9 million from OCED                                                                    
     in  NWAB   Regional  Grant,  awarded  3   million  Lisa                                                                    
     Murkowski  CDS  appropriation,  awarded  $800,000  from                                                                    
     Denali  Commission  for non-federal  matching,  awarded                                                                    
     $150,000 NWAB VIF  for  Design funding,  & $400,000 AEA                                                                    
     R13                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINSON projected  slide 8, which read  as follows [original                                                               
punctuation provided]:                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Benefits of Renewable Energy                                                                                               
        • Reduce Cost to Generate Electricity  Up to 50%                                                                        
     Savings                                                                                                                    
     • Reduced Maintenance Costs                                                                                                
     • Reduced Costs in Regulatory Compliance                                                                                   
    •   Reduced   Costs   for   Heating   With   Beneficial                                                                     
     Electrification                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
1:55:40 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR MEARS  called KEA a  model for complex  renewable energy                                                               
systems use.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
1:56:20 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR.  ATKINSON, in  response  to  Representative Rauscher,  talked                                                               
about  the ability  of  battery  power to  be  used during  power                                                               
outages, of which  he said Kotzebue has few.   In response to Co-                                                               
Chair Mears, he reported that KEA  has been able to go off diesel                                                               
with the  use of battery  power, but only  for a short  period of                                                               
time.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
1:59:49 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MR. ATKINSON,  in response to  Representative Costello,  said the                                                               
push for  alternative energy sources  came from the  community of                                                               
Kotzebue.   He indicated that in  other areas of the  state where                                                               
there may be  more options, there has been "an  avoidance to talk                                                               
about this  issue."   He stated  support for  HB 153  because the                                                               
time for avoiding the conversation is  over.  He allowed that the                                                               
bill  is not  perfect, and  he recommended  that stakeholders  be                                                               
brought  together to  discuss this  issue, that  everyone has  "a                                                               
seat at  the table" before  implementing a plan that  will affect                                                               
everyone.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
2:02:15 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
ERIN  MCKITTRICK,  Independent  Energy  Analyst,  specified  that                                                               
although she  sits on  the board  of Homer  Electric Association,                                                               
she is providing invited testimony today  on her own behalf.  She                                                               
began  a  PowerPoint  presentation  [included  in  the  committee                                                               
file], titled  "Preliminary Feasibility and Cost  Analysis of the                                                               
HB 153  Renewable Portfolio Standard."   Slide 2 read  as follows                                                               
[original punctuation provided]:                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Primary questions                                                                                                          
     ? Are the goals in HB 153 achievable?                                                                                      
          ? What are the potential savings or costs to                                                                          
     customers?                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
MS. MCKITTRICK covered slide 3,  which outlines that the proposed                                                               
legislation requires increased renewable  energy used by 2030 and                                                               
again by 2035 and shows  present and projected energy sources for                                                               
the  Railbelt.    Currently,  approximately  15  percent  of  the                                                               
Railbelt's  energy generation  is derived  from renewable  energy                                                               
sources, mostly hydro, with some gas  and oil.  Slide 4 shows one                                                               
way  the targeted  standards could  be met.   It  lists two  wind                                                               
projects of Alaska Renewables, which  would be enough to meet the                                                               
first target  for 2030.  Then  it shows the Puppy  Dog Lake solar                                                               
project, a concept that was  recently canceled but which could be                                                               
replicated; however, as  the smallest factor shown  here, it does                                                               
not  really matter  in terms  of reaching  the first  target, she                                                               
said.  Finally, there is the  Dixon Diversion hydro project - the                                                               
expansion of  Bradley Lake hydro.   She pointed to a  line on the                                                               
graph chart that read "unadjusted"  and explained that that would                                                               
be  "the actual  typical  penetration of  renewable energy  under                                                               
this  scenario."    She  said  when all  these  factors  are  put                                                               
together, the Railbelt would be  approximately 2 percent short of                                                               
the second target [for 2035].                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MS.  MCKITTRICK  moved on  to  slide  5,  which read  as  follows                                                               
[original punctuation provided]:                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Projects included                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                              
     ? 300MW wind at Little Mount Susitna and Shovel Creek                                                                      
     ? 1,165,000 MWh per year after curtailment                                                                                 
     ? Available in 2028 and 2029                                                                                               
      ? E3 study shows that this can be integrated on the                                                                       
      existing system with economic dispatch, but without                                                                       
     major new transmission                                                                                                     
     ? Would qualify for 1.25x multiplier in HB153                                                                              
     ? 45MW(input)/30MW(output) solar modeled on Puppy Dog                                                                      
     Lake                                                                                                                       
     ? Around 60,000 MWh/year                                                                                                   
     ? Available in 2028                                                                                                        
     ? Dixon Diversion                                                                                                          
     ? 190,800 MWh per year                                                                                                     
     ? Available 2030                                                                                                           
     ? Distributed solar                                                                                                        
     ? Additional 2.2MW installed per  year, based on recent                                                                    
     averages                                                                                                                   
     ? Would qualify for 2x multiplier in HB153                                                                                 
     ? Wind would meet the 2030 target on its own                                                                               
     ? All of  these together would be only 2%  short of the                                                                    
     2035 target                                                                                                                
     ? Only 80,000 MWh more would be needed                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MS.  MCKITTRICK  explained  that   she  included  these  projects                                                               
because they are  extensively studied, could be  available by the                                                               
end  of 2030,  and their  integration has  been modeled  into the                                                               
current  grid.   She offered  further  details.   In response  to                                                               
Representative Rauscher,  she talked  about the reason  the Puppy                                                               
Dog Lake project was not pursued.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
2:11:01 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. MCKITTRICK  showed a graph  on slide 6 that  illustrated that                                                               
in  the worst-case  scenario,  the  renewable portfolio  standard                                                               
could   raise   costs   5.5-8.5   percent.     In   response   to                                                               
Representative  Rauscher, she  clarified  information related  to                                                               
Fire Island  and Huston Solar.   Ms. McKittrick then moved  on to                                                               
slide  7, "Fines  set  the worst-case  scenario,"  which read  as                                                               
follows:                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     ?  Maximum  fines  are  a  straw  man  scenario,  which                                                                    
     assumes                                                                                                                    
     ? No renewable energy projects are developed                                                                               
     ? No contracts are signed for future projects                                                                              
     ? No  utilities make good-faith efforts  to comply with                                                                    
     the standard                                                                                                               
     ? No waivers are issued for any reason                                                                                     
     ?  Railbelt utilities  collect over  $930 million  from                                                                    
     their customers annually                                                                                                   
     ? Maximum fines would add  $51 million annually for the                                                                    
     first target                                                                                                               
     ? $83 million for the second                                                                                               
     ? Bill impacts would be 5.5% in 2031, or 8.5% in 2036                                                                      
     ? For  the first target,  this is  equal to a  1.2 cent                                                                    
     rate increase,  or around $6 on  an average residential                                                                    
     bill                                                                                                                       
     ? If the first target  is met, potential fines from the                                                                    
     second can be spent on renewable projects                                                                                  
     ?  Those cost  impacts don't  include any  savings from                                                                    
     fines paid  towards customer efficiency  or distributed                                                                    
     generation                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
2:16:16 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
MS. MCKITTRICK discussed the bar chart  on slide 8, which shows a                                                               
comparison   of  existing   and   potential  future   electricity                                                               
generation costs  broken down into  fuel cost, other  fixed cost,                                                               
and potential.   Current  sources of energy,  shown on  the left,                                                               
are  natural gas,  which is  approximately 8  cents per  kilowatt                                                               
hour (kWh); the  new contract bar shows the price  at which power                                                               
is produced.   She pointed to  the categories on the  left of the                                                               
chart, which included:  natural  gas, Healy coal, North Pole oil,                                                               
Bradley Lake  hydro, [Huston] solar,  and Fire Island wind.   The                                                               
potential  sources  on  the  right side  of  the  graph  include:                                                               
liquid  natural  gas  (LNG)  import,  NREL  renewables  plus  tax                                                               
credits, NREL renewables, wind, solar,  and Dixon Diversion.  She                                                               
highlighted  that  these are  predictions  and  said she  held  a                                                               
"pessimistic"  view when  selecting these.   She  noted that  the                                                               
maximum potential cost impact of  the first target funds would be                                                               
approximately 1.2  cents per  kWh; the  imported gas  costs would                                                               
raise rates 3 to 5 cents per kWh.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
MS. MCKITTRICK  showed slide 9,  which read as  follows [original                                                               
punctuation provided]:                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Costs may range from similar to significantly cheaper                                                                      
     ?  Future  gas  generation  costs are  expected  to  be                                                                    
     substantially  higher than  current costs.  ? New  Cook                                                                    
     Inlet gas contracts start at  $12.30/Mcf ? Imported gas                                                                    
     cost projections range from $12-16/Mcf                                                                                     
     ? Other fossil generation costs are already quite high                                                                     
     ? All  current renewable energy is  cheaper than future                                                                    
     gas energy projections                                                                                                     
     ?  Future renewable  energy projects  with tax  credits                                                                    
     are  probably substantially  cheaper than  imported gas                                                                    
     energy.                                                                                                                    
     ?  If tax  credits  end, the  costs  are more  similar.                                                                    
     There are likely small  savings available, depending on                                                                    
     project details and exact fuel prices.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
MS.  MCKITTRICK concluded  on  slide 10,  which  read as  follows                                                               
[original punctuation provided]:                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     ? Current plans will mostly satisfy the standard.                                                                          
      ? Diversification may save money, and any potential                                                                       
     fines would be modest.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
2:22:36 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  MEARS thanked  the presenters  and remarked  that                                                               
the challenge is to have publicly available data.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
2:23:02 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR  HOLLAND  made closing  remarks.    In response  to  the                                                               
invited testimony,  he expressed  excitement regarding  the kinds                                                               
of  projects that  could  be created  by an  energy  sector.   He                                                               
highlighted  that any  project done  in the  future will  require                                                               
"significant capitalization"  following which  renewable projects                                                               
essentially be operated "off of free  fuel."  He pointed out that                                                               
imported gas is money that  leaves Alaska, while renewable energy                                                               
would  keep  money  in  the  state.   He  spoke  about  modifying                                                               
penalties  in  a  way  that  would put  money  back  into  future                                                               
projects.  He emphasized that this  is a new RPS, not a reworking                                                               
of the  old.  He  emphasized the  importance of the  Railbelt and                                                               
rural communities and bringing benefit between the two.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
2:26:39 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  RAUSCHER   expressed  that  he  would   like  the                                                               
Legislative Budget and  Audit Committee to be  asked to authorize                                                               
a   preliminary   feasibility   cost  impact   analysis   and   a                                                               
comprehensive independent analysis of HB  153.  He cited possible                                                               
cost  to consumers  and  waning incentives  as  reasons for  this                                                               
request.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR MEARS  responded that  she has heard  that an  RPS could                                                               
remove barriers and  lessen risk for investors and  that the more                                                               
diverse energy sources are, the more reliable they become.                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
2:30:18 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  TILTON  questioned  why, if  things  are  already                                                               
happening,  the  bill sponsor  thinks  the  legislature needs  to                                                               
place restrictions on the private sector.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE RAUSCHER, adding to  his request for a third-party                                                               
consultancy,  listed that  which  could be  considered:   utility                                                               
scale modeling,  energy portfolio forecasting, rate  payer impact                                                               
assessment, a  formal request for  proposal (RFP) process,  and a                                                               
final  report  delivered  with   adequate  time  for  legislative                                                               
deliberation.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
REPRESENTATIVE  MEARS  said she  foresees  work  being done  with                                                               
stakeholders to produce  a committee substitute for HB  153.  She                                                               
observed that  the number of  attendees at the  hearing indicates                                                               
that the bill would affect many.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR  HOLLAND said  he appreciates  Representative Rauscher's                                                               
recommendation  for a  study and  noted that  the issue  had been                                                               
studied.  He said he could  catalog what has been done and return                                                               
to the committee with more information.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
2:34:14 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
CO-CHAIR MEARS announced that HB 153 was held over.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
2:34:38 PM                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
ADJOURNMENT                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
There being no  further business before the  committee, the House                                                               
Special Committee on Energy meeting was adjourned at 2:34 p.m.                                                                  

Document Name Date/Time Subjects
HB0153N.pdf HENE 4/1/2025 1:00:00 PM
HB 153
HB 153 Sponsor Statement.pdf HENE 4/1/2025 1:00:00 PM
HB 153
HB 153 N Sectional Analysis_Holland.pdf HENE 4/1/2025 1:00:00 PM
HB 153
HB 153 N FN 1 DCCED AEA.pdf HENE 4/1/2025 1:00:00 PM
HB 153
HB 153 N FN 2 DCCED RCA.pdf HENE 4/1/2025 1:00:00 PM
HB 153
HB 153 N HENE 4.1.25_RPS_Holland Intro.pdf HENE 4/1/2025 1:00:00 PM
HB 153
House Energy HB 153 Analysis 4_1_25 EMcKittrick.pdf HENE 4/1/2025 1:00:00 PM
HB 153
HB 153 Hearing Slides _Kotzebue Electric.pdf HENE 4/1/2025 1:00:00 PM
HB 153